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Purpose. The aim of this paper is to present the goals and the process of establishing the Croatian DOI Office as part of the National and University Library in Zagreb, the development and characteristics of the DOI-HR System as well as the work and the accomplished achievements of the Office. Approach/methodology/design. The paper uses the descriptive method to explain the basic characteristics of the DOI identification system, its registration agency the Crossref and the Crossref registration office in the Republic of Croatia – the Croatian DOI Office. Along with the analysis of the statistical data recorded at the end of 2018 on the current Croatian scientific and professional journals, the paper presents the reasons for founding and the benefits of the membership obtained through the mediation of the Office. The paper mainly focuses on the work process and procedures of the Croatian DOI Office, the analyses and description of the DOI-HR System, its structure, purpose, functionalities, collaborations models, and metadata submission methods. Findings. The paper presents in detail the establishment and the activities of the new service of the National and University Library in Zagreb. It shows the necessity of the establishment of the Croatian DOI Office at the Library. The paper describes a new Crossref model operated by the national DOI office that provides signifi cant financial savings and broad range of other benefits for publishers who use the service through the Croatian DOI Office and DOI-HR System, such as Similarity Check services, technical support for assigning and registering DOIs, permanent storage of registered articles and all-rounders, maintenance of permanence of DOI, semi-automatized inclusion of articles in the Croatian National Bibliography and publication on the portal Digitalne zbirke Nacionalne i sveučilišne knjižnice u Zagrebu (Digital Collections of the National and University Library in Zagreb). Practical implication. The paper is intended for the wider library community and publishers who use or want to use the Croatian DOI Office registration service and other national and university libraries that consider establishing a national DOI office. Originality / value. The paper describes the establishing of the Croatian DOI Office, a new service of the National and University Library in Zagreb, the first national and one of the three university libraries in the world that use the new Crossref model of representing publishers (Sponsoring Organisation). Furthermore, the value of and the need for this unique type of service, that the Croatian Ministry of Science and Education has recognized too, are presented. The paper describes a unique system, the DOI-HR System, developed especially for the needs of the Office by the National and University Library in Zagreb. The System allows easier constructing and registering DOIs for the publishers, submitting metadata and objects and provides connectivity to other systems, and, at the same time, fulfills other tasks of the publishers and the national library, such as delivering and receiving of the legal deposit of online resources and their inclusion in the national bibliography and the digital library [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]