1. Effect of aeration rate, moisture content and composting period on availability of copper and lead during pig manure composting
- Author
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Zhao Lixin, Haibin Zhou, Cheng Hongsheng, Hou Yueqing, Shen Yujun, Fei Wang, Haibo Meng, and Hongbin Liu
- Subjects
Pollution ,Limiting factor ,Environmental Engineering ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Sus scrofa ,chemistry.chemical_element ,010501 environmental sciences ,01 natural sciences ,Soil ,Animals ,Soil Pollutants ,Medical Waste Disposal ,Fertilizers ,Lead (electronics) ,Water content ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,media_common ,Air ,Temperature ,Heavy metals ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ,Pulp and paper industry ,Manure ,Copper ,Lead ,Agronomy ,chemistry ,040103 agronomy & agriculture ,0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries ,Environmental science ,Aeration rate - Abstract
Pollution by heavy metals, such as copper and lead, has become a limiting factor for the land application of faecal manures, such as pig manure. This study was conducted to investigate the influence of composting process parameters, including aeration rate, moisture content and composting period, on the distribution of heavy metal species during composting, and to select an optimal parameter for copper and lead inactivation. Results showed that the distribution ratios of exchangeable fractions of copper and lead had a bigger decrease under conditions of aeration rate, 0.1 m3 min−1 m−3, an initial moisture content of 65% and composting period of 50 days. Suboptimal composting process conditions could lead to increased availability of heavy metals. Statistical analysis indicated that the aeration rate was the main factor affecting copper and lead inactivation, while the effects of moisture content and composting period were not significant. The rates of reduction of copper-exchangeable fractions and lead-exchangeable fractions were positively correlated with increased pH. The optimal parameters for reducing heavy metal bioavailability during pig manure composting were aeration rate, 0.1 m3 min−1 m−3, initial moisture content, 65%, and composting period, 20 days.
- Published
- 2016