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With the development and utilization of offshore petroleum resources, petroleum leakage accidents had gradually become an urgent problem to be solved. Immobilization technology had been widely concerned for protecting microorganisms from direct contact with toxic pollutants and improving biological density. In order to enhance the remediation effect of immobilized petroleum-degrading bacteria beads on petroleum-polluted seawater, a mobile bioreactor using immobilized petroleum-degrading bacteria beads was designed. Immobilized petroleum-degrading bacteria beads with Enteromorpha biochar was selected in bioreactor in this study. However, salinity and pH in different sea areas could affect the practical application of bioreactor with immobilized petroleum-degrading bacteria beads. Therefore, the influence of environmental factors on the physical and chemical properties of immobilized petroleum-degrading bacteria beads in the bioreactor was further investigated by changing the salinity and pH of input water. Research result showed alginate lyase had more binding sites with calcium alginate at the pH of 8.0 and 30‰ salinity when penetration time of bioreactor was least. The research in this paper would contribute to the development of a more efficient and widely applicable bioreactor, and further provide theoretical support for the biological remediation of petroleum-polluted sea areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]