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Beijing has built 267 urban rainwater harvesting projects (URHPs) in order to alleviate severe water problems; however, these projects are lacking in effective and full-scale cost-benefit analysis (CBA). In this paper, a CBA model for URHPs is put forward to evaluate projects. Results indicate the following: (1) URHPs can bring remarkable benefits, with an average benefit index α of 2.0; (2) in addition, 66.7% of the districts have α values exceeding 1.0; (3) The distribution of α, along with regression analysis shows that suburban areas have received more benefits because of fewer space limitations than urban areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]