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During the least years also in Ethiopia the number of cases of malaria increased despite intensive control measures. There does not yet exist a chloroquine resistance, but, however, special attention must be paid, since it became known from other East-African countries that there were chloroine resistances. DDT has a still sufficient effect. The most important carrier anophelines are A. gambiae S. 1, A. pharoensis, A. funestus and A. nili. M. tropica and M. tertiana nearly exclusively occur. The severest lesions are caused by M. tropica, when it affects malnourished population groups. In contrast to other descriptions a risk of malaria is temporarily existing also at an attitude of more than 2,000 m, though it is here clearly more insignificant than in lower regions. a seasonal accumulation is found from September to November. In contrast to the high rate of incidence of the native population in endemic districts the number of diseases GDR citizens in Ethiopia was extremely low in recent years. Chloroine is further on recommended for medicamentous prophylaxis.