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The splitting and intensity behaviour of the hyperfine components of the sodium D-line due to the influence of simultaneously acting electric and magnetic fields, having arbitrary directions relative to each other, was studied both theoretically by means of numerical calculations of the expected spectra and experimentally by means of laser-atomic-beam spectroscopy. The results are in full agreement, showing how the hyperfine states and therefore the line components involved in the D-line accomplish the passage from parallel to perpendicular fields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Numerical calculations of the splitting of the hyperfine states M of an atom influenced by crossed electric and magnetic fields were performed. These calculations show that, adiabatically changing the presence and the strength of the fields according to a well defined cycle, atoms populated in a given hyperfine level F before the start of the field cycle may be found in another level F after experiencing the field cycle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The influence of perpendicularly crossed electric and magnetic fields of comparable strength on the hyperfine components of the sodium D-line was studied by means of laser-atomic-beam spectroscopy. The observed spectra show changes in the polarization type (σ, π) when one of the fields becomes dominant relative to the other. Theoretical calculations confirm the experimental observations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The splitting of the hyperfine structure of the D line of the sodium atom was investigated under the influence of simultaneously acting parallel magnetic and electric fields of comparable strength. The experimental spectra were taken by laser-atomic-beam spectroscopy. Theoretical spectra obtained by quantum mechanical calculations agree very well with the experimentally observed spectra, therefore allowing their clear interpretation, especially at anticrossing regions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to interpret experimental hyperfine spectra of the resonance lines of the alkali atoms in presence of external electric and magnetic fields in arbitrary direction relative to each other a computer programme has been developed which computes the splitting of hyperfine components of spectral lines and their expected relative transition probabilities. The computed data can be directly compared with experimental spectra taken by laser-atomic-beam spectroscopy. Splitting parameters, like hyperfine structure constants or polarizabilities, can be evaluated with the help of a fitting procedure. The theoretical approach used in the programme has rather general validity, therefore the programme can be utilized, within the validity of the applied theoretical assumptions, for any kind of atom. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using high resolution laser-atomic-beam spectroscopy, Zeeman- and Paschen-Back-effects of the hyperfine structure of the sodium resonance lines were studied in magnetic fields up to 280 Gauss without perturbation by cross-over resonances. The observed behaviour of the components of the D-line is compared with results of theoretical calculations for the splitting and the relative intensity of each Zeeman-component of the line. Full agreement between theory and experiment can be stated. Additionally, the relative intensities of the components of the D-line are given. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Experimental and theoretical investigations of the splitting of the hyperfine structure of the sodium and lithium-D-lines in magnetic fields between 0 and 1 T were performed. In this magnetic field region the fine structure levels J=1/2 and J=3/2 of the excited term P begin to influence each other. In case of lithium crossings and anticrossings of hyperfine states stemming from different fine structure energy levels J=1/2 and J=3/2 can be observed. The measurements were performed by laseratomic-beam spectroscopy in dependence on the applied external magnetic field strength. The experimental spectra were compared with computed spectra. Spectra were simulated by calculations using for the hyperfine hamiltonian two hyperfine constants A and B in case of sodium and four hyperfine constants a, a, a and b in case of lithium. Values for this constants could be derived by fitting the theoretical splittings to the experimental ones. For the first time the g - factor of sodium could be determined in a purely optical way. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Laser-atomic-beam investigations of the lithium D - and D -line in magnetic fields were performed using cw-laser excitation and fluorescence detection. For both isotopesLi andLi, the hyperfine splittings of the ground level 2 S and the upper level of the D -line, 2 P , as well as the isotopic shifts of the D - and the D -line were determined from the registrations without field. In magnetic fields, Zeeman- and Paschen-Back-effects of the lines were studied. Using the Zeeman pattern of the D -line for a calibration of the field strength, values for the hyperfine constants A and B of the 2 P -level ofLi could be derived from the Zeeman pattern of the D -line. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]