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Objective: To investigate the effect of CD8 + CD28 - T cells on acute graft-versus-host disease(aGVHD) after haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(haplo-HSCT)., Methods: The relationship between absolute count of CD8 + CD28 - T cells and aGVHD in 60 patients with malignant hematological diseases was retrospectively analyzed after haplo-HSCT, and the differences in the incidence rate of chronic graft-versus host disease(cGVHD), infection and prognosis between different CD8 + CD28 - T absolute cells count groups were compared., Results: aGVHD occurred in 40 of 60 patients after haplo-HSCT, with an incidence rate of 66.67%. The median occurrence time of aGVHD was 32.5(20-100) days. At 30 days after the transplantation, the absolute count of CD8 + CD28 - T cells of aGVHD group was significantly lower than that of non-aGVHD group ( P =0.03). Thus the absolute count of CD8 + CD28 - T cells at 30 days after transplantation can be used to predict the occurrence of aGVHD to some extent. At 30 days after transplantation, the incidence rate of aGVHD in the low cell count group (CD8 + CD28 - T cells absolute count < 0.06/μl) was significantly higher than that in the high cell count group (CD8 + CD28 - T cells absolute count ≥0.06/μl, P =0.011). Multivariate Cox regression analysis further confirmed that the absolute count of CD8 + CD28 - T cells at 30 days after transplantation was an independent risk factor for aGVHD, and the risk of aGVHD in the low cell count group was 2.222 times higher than that in the high cell count group ( P =0.015). The incidence of cGVHD, fungal infection, EBV infection and CMV infection were not significantly different between the two groups with different CD8 + CD28 - T cells absolute count. The overall survival, non-recurrent mortality and relapse rates were not significantly different between different CD8 + CD28 - T cells absolute count groups., Conclusion: Patients with delayed CD8 + CD28 - T cells reconstitution after haplo-HSCT are more likely to develop aGVHD, and the absolute count of CD8 + CD28 - T cells can be used to predict the incidence of aGVHD to some extent. The absolute count of CD8 + CD28 - T cells after haplo-HSCT was not associated with cGVHD, fungal infection, EBV infection, and CMV infection, and was also not significantly associated with the prognosis after transplantation.

Abstract　　Double-hit lymphoma (DHL) is a high-grade B-cell lymphoma with MYC and BCL-2/BCL-6 rearrangement, which is a invasive disease with a poor prognosis. FISH is the most important diagnostic method. There is no standard protocol for this disease yet. New therapeutic approaches including targeted therapy，checkpoint inhibitors and chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy are changing the paradigm of treatment for DHL. This review summarizes new developments in diagnosis and treatment of double-hit lymphoma.

This study was purposed to investigate the effect of rapamycin on proliferation, apoptosis, cell cycle progression and the regulation of chemokine receptor CXCR4 on RPMI8226 cells. Different concentrations of rapamycin were used to treat the multiple myeloma cell line RPMI8226 for different times. The proliferation of the cells was detected by MTT assay; the apoptosis rate and cell cycle were determined by flow cytometry (FCM); apoptosis of cells was observed by inverted microscopy; the cylin D1, CXCR4 and mTOR mRNA expressions were detected by RT-PCR or FQ-PCR after treating RPMI8226 cells with different concentrations of rapamycin. The results indicated that the rapamycin could inhibit the proliferation of RPMI8226 cells and induce their apoptosis. The cell cycle was arrested at the G(0)/G(1) phase. PCR results showed the down-regulation of mTOR, cyclin D1 and mTOR mRNA expressions after treating RPMI8226 cells with different concentrations of rapamycin for 24 hours. It is concluded that the rapamycin significantly inhibits the growth of RPMI8226 cells in a dose-and time-dependent mannes and induce cell apoptosis. Cell cycle arrests at the G(0)/G(1) phase, may be due to the down-regulation of the mTOR and cyclin D1 expressions. In additions, the down-regulation of CXCR4 mRNA expression is correlated with the reduction of adhesion between myeloma cells and stromal cells.