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The stoneflies and caddisflies of North Africa are still poorly known as vast areas of Algeria have yet to be investigated. A survey of the macroinvertebrates of the Seybouse River, northeast Algeria, was carried out from July 2014 to December 2016. Three species of stoneflies (Capnopsis schilleri, Capnioneura petitpierreae, and Tyrrhenoleuctra tangerina) and five taxa of caddisflies (Mesophylax aspersus, Hydropsyche maroccana, H. resmineda, H. artax/lobata, and H. gr. pellucidula) were identified. All taxa are new records to the Seybouse River and seven of them are new to northeastern Algeria. A multivariate analysis indicated that the Hydropsychidae exhibited a clear longitudinal gradient along the Seybouse River while Mesophylax aspersus seemed adapted to species-poor, intermittent streams. Further investigations of the stoneflies and caddisflies may inform conservation efforts and will prove useful to monitor the Seybouse River and similarly threatened North African rivers and streams.

Tentative studies of Malaise trap samples from different geographic regions and habitats indicate unanimously that Winnertzia, a genus of mycophagous gall midges (Cecidomyiidae), is exceptionally speciose, but hard data in proof of that were previously unavailable. A taxonomic inventory of mycophagous cecidomyiids in Sweden has now revealed that, of 751 species found in total, 93 are Winnertzia. A preliminary census in 2013 had identified only 26 different Winnertzia in Sweden. Two factors are responsible for this increment: the inclusion of large amounts of fresh material to study and the application of a narrower species concept. The latter results from the reevaluation of male morphological characters in the light of COI sequence (DNA barcoding) data. With the inclusion of 37 new Winnertzia described here, the genus now contains 136 extant species. New Winnertzia discovered in Sweden are described here under the following names: W. acutistylus sp. nov., W. angustistylus sp. nov., W. arctostylus sp. nov., W. bicolor sp. nov., W. brachytarsus sp. nov., W. dentata sp. nov., W. egregia sp. nov., W. ekdalensis sp. nov., W. fraxinophila sp. nov., W. grytsjoenensis sp. nov., W. hamatula sp. nov., W. hemisphaerica sp. nov., W. imbecilla sp. nov., W. incisa sp. nov., W. inornata sp. nov., W. lapponica sp. nov., W. lobata sp. nov., W. longicoxa sp. nov., W. normalis sp. nov., W. oelandica sp. nov., W. ombergensis sp. nov., W. parvidens sp. nov., W. pilosistylus sp. nov., W. pratensis sp. nov., W. pustulatula sp. nov., W. quercinophila sp. nov., W. rickebasta sp. nov., W. ruliki sp. nov., W. serri sp. nov., W. setosa sp. nov., W. silvestris sp. nov., W. smalandensis sp. nov., W. sundini sp. nov., W. tumidoides sp. nov., and W. upplandensis sp. nov. Additionally, W. panguana sp. nov. is the first Winnertzia described from the Neotropical region (Peru), and W. warraensis sp. nov. is the first member of the genus described from the Australasian region (Tasmania). Parwinnertzia Felt, 1920 syn. nov. is revealed to be a junior synonym of Winnertzia Rondani, 1860, implying the recombinations of Winnertzia notmani (Felt) comb. nov. and Winnertzia italiana (Mamaev & Zaitzev) comb. nov. The intrageneric classification of Winnertzia is reviewed and developed further, with the W. setosa group introduced for species whose gonostylar claw is conspicuously long and exposed, and whose gonocoxal emargination is bordered by dense, large setae. Winnertzia feralis Mamaev, revived here from synonymy with W. tridens Panelius, and W. fusca Kieffer are new faunistic records in Sweden. Swedish records published in the past of W. brachypalpa Mamaev and W. pravdini Mamaeva & Mamaev rest on misidentifications, and both species are deleted from the Swedish checklist.

Odontella rapoporti sp. nov., from Tierra del Fuego is described, as the third species of the Odontella lobata group, which has a subantarctic distribution. The new species is similar to O. lobata and O. setosa, but can be distinguished from them by the number of chaetae on the dens (6 or 7 chaetae in O. setosa vs. 5 chaetae in the other species) and the number of chaetae in the distal whorl of the tibiotarsus (9 chaetae in O. lobata vs. 11 in the other species). The closely related monotypic genus Afrodontella Deharveng, 1981, and its type species (A. septemlobata) are described.

The taxonomy of the leafhopper genus Makilingia Baker is reviewed based on comparative morphological study of types and other specimens. Twenty-six species are recognized as valid including ten new species described and illustrated herein: M. davaoensis n. sp. M. lobata n. sp., M. maculamima n. sp., M. nigramima n. sp., M. paranigra n. sp., M. siamensis n. sp., M. tenebrifrons n. sp., M. uncinata n. sp., M. viraktamathi n. sp., and M. xanthopicta n. sp. Makilingia siamensis n. sp. represents the first known occurrence of the genus outside the Philippine Archipelago and the first record for Thailand. Makilingia simillima Baker, n. stat., formerly treated as a variety of M. variabilis Baker, is elevated to full species status based on distinctive differences in the male genitalia. Lectotypes are designated for several species described by Baker. The male genitalia of these species are described and illustrated for the first time and a key to all known species is provided.

Species previously included in the genus Rhexoza Enderlein have been gradually displaced to other Swammerdamellini genera, as Quateiella Cook, Akorhexoza Cook, Pararhexosa Freeman and Abrhexosa Freeman. The holotype of Rhexoza lobata Cook, 1956a, from Cordoba, State of Vera Cruz, Mexico, was examined and Brahemyia, gen.n. is erected for this species –Brahemyia lobata, n.comb. Other species of Rhexoza were examined and Cooka, gen.n. is proposed for six Nearctic species: C. similis (Beekey, 1938) n.comb., C. teskeyi (Cook, 1975) n.comb., C. aterrima (Melander, 1916) n.comb., C. incisa (Cook, 1975) n.comb., C. iowensis (Cook, 1975) n.comb., and C. melanderi (Cook, 1975) n.comb. Two Australian species previously placed in Rhexoza are transferred to Pararhexosa Freeman, P. chelata (Cook, 1971) n. comb., and P. senticosa (Cook, 1971) n.comb. Four other species of Rhexoza are transferred to Abrhexosa Freeman: the Nearctic species A. amaryllis (Cook, 1975) n.comb., A. ryckmani (Cook, 1975) n.comb., and A. grossa (Cook, 1956) n.comb., and the Neotropical species A. panamensis (Cook, 1956) n.comb. One species is transferred from Rhexoza to Quateiella: Q. freyi (Duda, 1937) n.comb., from the Canary Islands. R. richardsi Freeman, 1985 R. flixella Haenni, 2001 and R. lydiae Withers, 2004 fit in Rhexoza with the type–species, R. subnitens (Verrall, 1886). R. radiella (Enderlein, 1926), and R. seminitens (Edwards, 1928), known only from females, are kept doubtfully in the genus. The monophyly of these genera is discussed, as well as their position within the Swammerdamellini.

Neoplasta Coquillett is distributed in the New World. The male of N. fortiseta Smith and five new species collected in the Brazilian states of Santa Catarina and Sao Paulo ( N. lobata sp. nov., N. longicornis sp. nov., N. macdonaldi sp. nov., N. nigrithorax sp. nov., and N. spinulosa sp. nov.), are described and illustrated. A key to Brazilian species is provided.

Ten new species of demosponges, assigned to the orders Poecilosclerida, Axinellida and Dictyoceratida, discovered in the Gulf of Alaska and along the Aleutian Island Archipelago are described and compared to relevant congeners. Poecilosclerida include Cornulum globosum n. sp., Megaciella lobata n. sp., M. triangulata n. sp., Artemisina clavata n. sp., A. flabellata n. sp., Coelosphaera (Histodermion) kigushimkada n. sp., Stelodoryx mucosa n. sp. and S. siphofuscus n. sp. Axinellida is represented by Raspailia (Hymeraphiopsis) fruticosa n. sp. and Dictyoceratida is represented by Dysidea kenkriegeri n. sp. The genus Cornulum is modified to allow for smooth tylotes. We report several noteworthy biogeographical observations. We describe only the third species within the subgenus Histodermion and the first from the Indo-Pacific Region. Additionally, the subgenus Hymerhaphiopsis was previously represented by only a single species from Antarctica. We also report the first record of a dictyoceratid species from Alaska. The new collections further highlight the richness of the sponge fauna from the region, particularly for the Poecilosclerida.

The Nearctic species of Phthinia Winnertz are revised. Eight species are recognized, of which four are newly described; P. tanypus Loew (= P. carolina Fisher n. syn., and P. catawbiensis Shaw n. syn.), P. lobata Zaitzev, P. miranda Zaitzev, P. ramificans Zaitzev, P. nepunei n. sp., P. cascadica n. sp., P. meicigama n. sp. and P. mikmaqi n. sp. A key to these species is also provided.

The Neotropical genus Chaetocnemistoptera is herein revised. Five new species are described— C. lobata , sp. nov., C. magdalena , sp. nov., C. phaeonota , sp. nov., C. pityropyga , sp. nov., C. trichopoda , sp. nov. The hypopygia of the previously described Chaetocnemistoptera palpalis (Borgmeier) and C. formosa (Borgmeier) are illustrated. The female holotype of Chaetocnemistoptera semifurcata (Borgmeier) could not be associated with any male specimen. A species identification key is provided and comments on the homology of structures and on species relationships are made.

The sand-hopper Bellorchestia mariae sp. nov. is described from Honeymoon Bay on the north coast of Jervis Bay, NewSouth Wales, Australia. It is the sister species of B. richardsoni Serejo & Lowry, 2008 and appears to have a limited dis-tribution from about Narrawallee in the south to northern Jervis Bay. The distribution of B. richardsoni Serejo & Lowry,2008 is extended from Point Ricardo, Victoria, northwards to Ulladulla on the New South Wales coast. A new synonymyis proposed for the sand-hopper Notorchestia quadrimana (Dana, 1852) which includes N. novaehollandiae (1899) and N. lobata Serejo & Lowry, 2008. It is considered to be a wide-ranging species from Shark Bay in Western Australia aroundthe south coast to at least Maitland Bay in central New South Wales. The beach-hopper Orchestia dispar Dana, 1852 isdescribed from Valla Beach in northern New South Wales and moved to the new genus Vallorchestia. This is the first re-cord of V. dispar since its original description 160 years ago. The beach-hopper Platorchestia smithi sp. nov. is describedfrom Brooms Head, New South Wales, Australia. It is common on ocean beaches from Bendalong in the south to Ballina in northern New South Wales. South of Bendalong beach-hoppers on ocean beaches appear to be absent.

Twenty-one Nearctic species of Corynoneura Winnertz and Thienemanniella Kieffer are reviewed. Nine new species aredescribed and illustrated; C. acuminata sp. n., C. ascensa sp. n., C. caudicula sp. n., C. disinflata sp. n., C. floridaensis sp. n. and C. macula sp. n. as male, female, pupa and larva; C. hortonensis sp. n. and C. porrecta sp. n. as male andfemale; and C. capitanea sp. n. as pharate male. Eight species, C. collaris Makarchenko et Makarchenko C. doriceni Makarchenko et Makarchenko, C. edwardsi Brundin, C. lobata Edwards, C. scutellata Winnertz, Thienemanniella lobapodema Hestenes et Saether, T. tiunovae Makarchenko et Makarchenko, and T. xena (Roback) are reexamined basedon Nearctic specimens. Additionally, C. fittkaui Schlee is mentioned, and four species with males unknown are included.Keys to all stages of the Nearctic Corynoneura are presented, and keys to Thienemanniella are updated. The lateral lamel-lae on the coxosternapodeme and the shape of labia of adult females are shown to be excellent distinguishing features for species in Corynoneura.

A short review of the characters used for generic determination in the family Zerconidae is presented. The subgenus Zercon ( Zerconella ) Willmann, 1953 is elevated to full generic rank on the basis of the shape of peritreme, peritrematal setae, and epistome, and the presence of post-genital sclerites. The genus Metazercon Blaszak, 1975 is considered to be a subgenus of Zerconella , and Zerconella is divided into the subgenera Zerconella ( Zerconella ) and Zerconella ( Metazercon ). The following new combinations are listed: Zerconella ( Metazercon ) athiasae (Blaszak, 1975) comb. nov., Zerconella ( Metazercon ) mahunkai (Halaskova, 1979) comb. nov., Zerconella ( Metazercon ) rafalskii (Blaszak, Kaczmarek & Lee, 1997) comb. nov. A new species, Zerconella ( Metazercon ) lobata sp. nov., is described from alpine broad-leaved forests in Taiwan. Diagnoses, figures and a key to species of Zerconella are provided.