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We present a catalogue of all known taxa of the superfamily Ephydroidea in Egypt. Old World synonymies, type localities, type depositories, world distributions by biogeographic realm(s) and country, Egyptian localities and dates of collection are provided. A total number of 117 species belonging to 45 genera, 18 tribes, 7 subfamilies, and representing 3 families has been catalogued. The treated families are: Ephydridae (shore flies or brine flies), Drosophilidae (vinegar flies or fruit flies) and Braulidae (bee lice). One shore fly species, Psilopa clara (Wollaston, 1858), is recorded for the first time from Egypt. Two new synonyms of shore flies are proposed, namely: Philotelma ulianai Raffone, 2011 = Ephydra (Ephydra) macellaria Egger, 1862 and Notiphila rufitarsis Macquart, 1851 = Allotrichoma biroi Cresson, 1929. Lectotypes are designated for three shore fly species, namely: Psilopa pectinata Hendel, 1931; Rhynchopsilopa nitidissima Hendel, 1931 and Notiphila rufitarsis Macquart, 1851.

All known Egyptian taxa of the family Syrphidae (flower flies or hover flies) are systematically catalogued. A total number of 51 species belonging to 22 genera, 7 tribes and 2 subfamilies has been treated, including eight species that are listed as unconfirmed records from Egypt. Data for this study have been compiled from both available literature and specimens collected from different Egyptian localities by the authors or preserved in the main Egyptian insect collections. Old World synonymies, type localities, world distributions by biogeographic realm(s) and country, Egyptian localities and activity periods are provided. Remarks on habitat, habits and biology of particular species are provided as well. Two species, Melanostoma scalare (Fabricius) and Eristalis arbustorum (Linnaeus) are recorded for the first time from Egypt.

Antonia gabalensis El-Hawagry, 2009 is hereby synonymized with Antonia fedtschenkoi Loew, 1873. Two homeotypes of A. fedtschenkoi and the primary types of A. gabalensis have been examined and found conspecific. Synonyms, diagnoses and photographs of dorsal habitus and male genitalia of the Egyptian species of Antonia are presented.

A review of the tribe Aphoebantini Becker from Egypt is given. The study recorded five species under two genera, one of the species (Cononedys bilobatoides spec. nov) is described and illustrated as new. Three of the four remaining species were originally described from Egypt by Bezzi (1925), namely: Aphoebantus wadensis Bezzi, Aphoebantus dichromatopa Bezzi, and Aphoebantus efflatouni Bezzi. Lectotypes and paralectotypes for these species are designated herein. The fifth species (Aphoebantus escheri Bezzi, 1908) was described from Algeria, and recorded only in Algeria and Egypt. A key to the genera and species of Aphoebantini, is provided.

Antonia gabalensis El-Hawagry, 2009 is hereby synonymized with Antonia fedtschenkoi Loew, 1873. Two homeotypes of A. fedtschenkoi and the primary types of A. gabalensis have been examined and found conspecific. Synonyms, diagnoses and photographs of dorsal habitus and male genitalia of the Egyptian species of Antonia are presented.

This new species (Phthiria sharafi sp. nov.) represents the first record of the subfamily Phthiriinae (Bombyliidae, Diptera) from Saudi Arabia. The species was collected from Garf Raydah Protected Area, Abha, Asir Province, south-western part of Saudi Arabia, using a Malaise trap erected in a site rich in olive, cactus and Juniper trees. The type locality has an Afrotropical influence, with the Afrotropical elements predominant, and a closer affiliation to the Afrotropical region than to the Palearctic region or the Eremic zone.

In the present study, five Defilippia species are shown to be represented in Egypt. Two species, D. efflatouni (Bezzi) and D. minos (Meigen), were already included in Defilippia; two species, D. decrepita (Wiedemann), comb. nov., and D. pharaonis (Paramonov), comb. nov., are newly combined to Defilippia; and a new species, D. elbayensis, sp. nov., is described herein. Homeotypes of Exoprosopa flava Paramonov, 1928 and Defilippia decrepita (Wiedemann, 1828), comb. nov. have been examined and it was found that the two species are not synonymous and Exoprosopa flava Paramonov, 1928, stat. rev. is rather a distinct valid species in its original genus Exoprosopa. A neotype for D. pharaonis (Paramonov, 1928) is designated.

This new species (Phthiria sharafi sp. nov.) represents the first record of the subfamily Phthiriinae (Bombyliidae, Diptera) from Saudi Arabia. The species was collected from Garf Raydah Protected Area, Abha, Asir Province, south-western part of Saudi Arabia, using a Malaise trap erected in a site rich in olive, cactus and Juniper trees. The type locality has an Afrotropical influence, with the Afrotropical elements predominant, and a closer affiliation to the Afrotropical region than to the Palearctic region or the Eremic zone.

A review of the genus Villa Lioy in Egypt was carried out. Seven species were found, two of them are described as new, namely: V. efflatouni sp. nov. and V. stenozoides sp. nov.; V. aegyptiaca Engel is raised to species level (stat. nov.) and a lectotype designated; and V. bivirgata Austen and V. paniscoides Bezzi are recorded for the first time from Egypt. Another two species, V. cana (Meigen) and V. micrargyra (Walker) were previously recorded in Egypt. The study of type specimens showed that V. senecio (Loew), wrongly recorded from Egypt, is a synonym of V. ixion (Fabricius) syn. nov. A key, diagnoses, and illustrations of genitalia and wings of some species are provided.

Three new anthracine species of Bombyliidae are described. Two of these species (Anthrax galali El-Hawagry, sp. nov. and Anthrax zohrayensis El-Hawagry, sp. nov.) were proposed by Efflatoun Bey in his unpublished manuscript in the genus Anthrax Scopoli (sensu lato). These species names are maintained but the descriptions are shortened and revised. A third species, not included in Efflatoun unpublished manuscript, Spogostylum hamadnallahi El-Hawagry, sp. nov., is herein described and illustrated.