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A significant issue among philosophical issues is to determine the relationship between ethics and religion. Traditionally it was believed that ethics is based on religion and there could not be any ethical system without religion. With the increasing critics against religion in the modern era the attempts for demonstrating an ethical system independent from religion has been increase as well. The proponents of ethical autonomy put forward considerable critics against ethics based on religion which is difficult to ignore. The aim in this paper is to deal with relationship between ethics and religion. The writer while approving the significant challenge offered against ethics based on religion defend a theory displaying two pillars for ethics. According to this theory epistemic and psychological aspect of ethics is distinguished. The writer will display that the epistemic aspect of ethics is independent from religion while the ontological aspect of ethics is depended on religion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research aims at studying Verbal Signifiers of some Prophetic words and expressions that were mentioned in the book al-adāb waatharuha fi al-tawjeeh al-akhlāqi, because the traditions (hadith) or have a good impact on the education and rehabilitating of selves, and correction of ethics. The good ethics are including choosing virtues and doing away with vices. Moreover, good ethics are of the traits of the prophets (May Allah send prayers and peace upon them) and saints(May Allah be pleased with them). This research paper is divided into two sections: section one concerning ordinary people-related expressions, which including taking care of parents, boosting relations with next of kin. The second section appertain to taking care of orphans, and helping the widows, the needy plus clarifying the duties towards neighbours. This research paper comes to the conclusion that righteous ethics are essential for survival of nations, and ethical degradation leads to fast-disappearing of nations. So, Muslims should adhere to the prophet's instructions which were mentioned in hadith in order to promote the nation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present paper analyzes and evaluates Michael J. Zimmermann's view on the relationship between moral luck and moral responsibility. In moral philosophy, this relationship is considered from conceptual and subjective aspects. Conceptually, in moral luck, people’s moral judgments about each other are based on involuntary and chancy actions while the moral responsibility of these judgments are based on free actions. Moral luck, concerning its subject, faces a problem that involves old discussions about the conflict between determinism and free will and moral responsibility that goes beyond that problem. By accepting freedom as having volition and desire in action and initiating a difference between the degree and scope of moral responsibility, Zimmermann, a well-known philosopher, denies moral luck and defends moral responsibility. He also claims to have solved the problems of moral luck and moral responsibility. This paper, after exploring the meaning and relationship between responsibility and moral luck, explains Zimmerman's view on moral responsibility, freedom, and rejection of moral luck. Ultimately, an assessment of this view will show that, despite Zimmerman's innovations, his extremism in defending moral responsibility has made it difficult to accept his view. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sufism has multiple dimensions ranging from theological and ideological to social and ethical. This paper aims to study these various dimensions of Sufism. The leading Sufis explained and amalgamated all these dimensions in their teachings. We have discussed the historical, theoretical, theological, and socio-ethical dimensions of Sufism in this study. The early sources have been consulted for collecting basic information while the secondary sources are used for analytical assessment. This paper helps to understand the scope of Sufism and its multiple dimensions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study attempts to explore the technical and semantic aspects of the contemporary heritage, in particular the use of the folklore, including folkloric signs and mythological symbols, and a heritage atmosphere known to the public and the private, and to express it in new artistic contents with a contemporary vision, as this phenomenon has become in need of research that deepens its significance, and explores its origins And its intellectual and cultural references, and determines its artistic value, for folklore is nothing but popular culture that circulates among people and is represented in songs, dance, cinema, theater and folk stories, and it may also be included in fashion designs and even customs, traditions and food, and the importance of folklore lies in being a means of transmitting knowledge and culture from Generation to generation, in light of human, spiritual and moral values, and the study of heritage gives us a clearer idea of human thought and its development over generations on the one hand, and man’s interaction with his environment over time on the one hand. The serious interest in studying folklore has emerged because of its close relationship between folklore and contemporary Iraqi art in terms of their historical origins, and that the contemporary Iraqi artist's evocation of legacies is an expression of the human civilization crisis in the twentieth century.From this standpoint, the first chapter is determined by the research problem that focused on the answer to the following question: Does communicative education in folklore manifest itself in the works of the contemporary Iraqi painter? The plastic text is a form of popular expression through the artistic achievement presented by the contemporary Iraqi plastic artist. The second chapter focused on its two papers: the first was on folklore, a historical overview, the second was on contemporary Iraqi painting, and the chapter was concluded with the indications of the theoretical framework. As for the third chapter, the two researchers reviewed the research methodology represented by the descriptive and analytical method and the research sample that included (6) samples, and the chapter was concluded by analyzing samples, while the fourth chapter was reviewed the most important results, among which were: that folklore in contemporary Iraqi art is nothing but An accumulated, continuous and renewed popular innovation in the human community, and that the folklore represents a tapestry of symbols that in its entirety constitute a symbolic pattern or building that has a specificity that distinguishes it from other symbolic systems. The chapter concluded with recommendations and suggestions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The research paper aims to deal with the ethical and legal issues of using the data of the users for data mining in the Egyptian libraries. And specifically that relate to the privacy of the users, where data mining is one of the stages of knowledge discovery from databases, in order to discover or extract previously unknown relationship, data mining is considered of the most important steps or processes to understand the behavior of users in various fields, particularly in libraries. The study deals with two sides, as they are, the content analysis of the most important code of ethics in the field of libraries that relates to privacy, secrecy and protection of the user's data, and the studies that dealt with the subject from the side of specialty of libraries. The study will follow the content analysis, to analyze, interpret how to use user's data for data mining and that by reviewing the previous data that dealt with this subject. That cleared that it was not covered by any of the Arab scientific studies. In addition to using the content analysis method, it's one of the research methods that are used to qualify and objectively describe. The apparent content of the communication media, and it will be done through the content analysis of the most important international code of ethics concerning the rules of the behaviors of the librarians and the information specialist by International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions [IFLA], American Library Association's [ALA], Arab federation for libraries and information, As these code of ethics provide for the values of secrecy, privacy, clarity and protection of users data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Morality and politics have a strong relation. Politics, lacking in the values of Morality, becomes poisonous for the society. Political parties and their leaders exist in all societies of the modern world. Politics has always been integral part of Pakistani Society. Unfortunately it currently lacks the true spirit of Morality. Moral character of political leaders at national level, collectively, is becoming the reason for the moral degeneration of the society. Our political leadership uses the uncivilized language, character assassination and derogatory remarks. These practices are leaving negative effects on the moral attitude of common man, especially on the younger generation. There is a famous saying of Shah Waliullah that "circumstances play important part in the formation of ethics as compare to knowledge". Therefore, the public, especially the youth, imitates the language and character of their leadership. On one hand the contradiction of words and actions and the usage of uncivilized language by the politicians are damaging the democratic values and on the other hand the moral values are being destroyed. That is why it is essential for our national leaders to adopt necessary measures for purifying their ethics and they should present themselves as an ideal character. This paper will highlight those political factors, reasons and motives which play an important role in the moral degeneration of Pakistani society and will also recommend solutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The necessity of closed and continuous relationships, team work and collaboration between various health professions in treatment and care have confronted health ethics with many challenges. Interprofessional education has been proposed as an effective strategy to address this gap internationally. This study has been done to determine process of ethical growth and achieving ethical competency in health sciences students during inter-professional education. Methods: This interpretive-integrative literature review study has been done in 2013 with integrative search in Pub med, CINHAL, Ovid, Science Direct data bases as well as Google scholar using key words including inter-professional education and ethics. All English language papers published between 2000 and 2013 were included. Of 155 retrieved articles, 15 documents were appropriate based on critical appraisal criteria and analyzed according to thematic synthesis method. Then extracted text were entered and managed by MAXQDA software. Results: Promotion of professional socialization process of health sciences students", "creating a common values system" and "forming inter-professional identity" were the three main themes emerge indicating process of ethical growth in health sciences students during inter-professional education. The themes were explained by theories such as social contact, human development, transformational learning situated learning, constructivist learning and social cognitive They are the conceptual framework in inter-professional education model. Conclusion: Inter-professional education with promotion of professional socialization process of health sciences' students, renewing and internalization of inter-professional common values and forming interprofessional identity, as complement of professional identity, empowers and enables students for effective collaboration with others. These facilitates ethical and safe performance of the graduates in clinical environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]