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Despite the normalization between some Arab Gulf states and Israel, the Gulf society has remained mostly distant from it, opting to confront it by various means. This reflects the Gulf popular rejection of normalization policies with the Zionist entity. However, these agreements still pose challenges to pro-Palestinian efforts and to normalization resistance in the Gulf region. This paper showcases four experiences of popular Gulf rejection of normalization with the Zionist entity (including Bahrain,Oman, Qatar and Kuwait), portraying the role of youth movements in these countries in confronting normalization and boycotting the Zionist entity and supporting the Palestinian cause. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Russian military operation in Ukraine triggered international turmoil, and had major repercussions on the entire world, including oil and gas prices, goods and services, migration policies, political alliances, and regional and international relations. It is pushing towards a change in the international system, but the features of the new system are not yet clear. This paper discusses the role of the Arab Gulf states in the stability of global energy markets, and sheds light on the Gulf-Chinese relations, and the role of OPEC+. The research identifies the main opportunities and challenges for policy makers and companies in the Arab Gulf states. It also shows the new political challenges facing these countries in terms of the future of their relations with the United States of America, some Western European countries, and China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current study sought to identify the reality of integrating the mentally handicapped in general education schools and to identify the most important difficulties and obstacles that prevent the achievement of the goal of integrating them with the ordinary and to put some proposals based on building on the positives and avoiding difficulties and obstacles. And the mentally handicapped were taught for long periods within a special system called schools of intellectual education, provided they passed codified intelligence tests, and they were the ones who were called the educators, and the chances of them coming into contact with the ordinary were almost non-existent except within the family, and soon the world turned to a policy of gradual integration as it began The so-called attached classes, which are classes for the mentally handicapped, are attached to general education schools, and the precedence was in the Arab world for the Gulf states, by virtue of the researcher’s work, and that was in 2003. However, the opportunities for integrating with the ordinary people were very limited and were limited to sports activities, artistic and agricultural education and other activities, and after the end of the activities classes, everyone returns to his class, the mentally disabled, to their class as well as the ordinary. Then the global trend of educational integration of the mentally disabled began under the umbrella of comprehensive integration and Egypt took Serious steps towards this direction and the enactment of many legislations that contribute to the integration of people with special needs, including the mentally handicapped. However, the comprehensive integration adopted by the Ministry of Education faced many difficulties that prevented the optimum and great benefit from the idea of inclusion, and this is the problem of the current study that the researcher is dealing with. Where the researcher monitored the reality of integrating the mentally handicapped into public education schools after a series of decisions issued by the Egyptian Ministry of Education, which at the end of which made all the schools of the Republic inclusive schools that allow the mentally handicapped close to those schools to apply to them after fulfilling the papers and conditions, and the researcher found in these studies There are many difficulties and obstacles in the method of integrating the mentally handicapped into public education schools, and these difficulties are multiple, some of which are due to human cadres and others are due to buildings and equipment, including to legislation and decisions. At the end of this study, a proposed scenario can be avoided according to which those difficulties and obstacles that face the integration of the mentally disabled with the ordinary ones can be avoided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

GCC Countries are undergoing rapid shifts in demographic composition with steady population growth. Total population is expected to reach 80 million by the end of the century. One of prominent features of these demographic changes is the annual expansion of young generations from 18-30 years, which will constitute at least 65% of demographics over several decades. The study analyses possible generational modifications that push younger segments towards trans-national information technology and open aspirations. Local governments encounter serious challenges in maintaining lasted high standards of living. While oil prices are declining, huge investments are required to satisfy the needs of massive numerical small age groups. Security risks within and without the region with their potential escalations in the future must be closely watched. Most of Gulf states suffer major political vacuum in the era of globalization. Overlapping cultures, information revolutions, increasing demand for popular participation led by youth movements impose a new political reality similar to what was reflected during the Arab spring in 2011-2012. The future requires effective containment of such intellectual audacity which also has the ability to move on the ground very fast. The paper finally reviews possible scenarios for the future prospects of democratic transition in the light of demographic shifts. The main argument is how to make life better and more stable in the Gulf countries. Sustainable investment in human resources in addition to the utilization of the democratic experiment are significant key factors in facing unprecedented challenges during the globalization and post globalization era. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]