Search

This research is based on the linguistic meaning of extremism, which is defined by the dimension and the end of the middle, which shows that in every hypothesis or theory, in each constant or variable in which the eyes and positions are divided into three main axes, two extremes and a moderate medium whose attributes are proven And the decision and moderation in thought and behavior, and by adopting the advantages in both parties , and the rejection of the negatives in them, and as the distance from the center increases attitudes and trends negative and turbulent; because they lost this distance to the medium until reaching the end of the parties On the other hand, the extremes in the negative attitudes increase or decrease according to the distance between them and the center . The division in this equation is threefold, but the negatives in the extreme left, and the corresponding ones by cons in the extreme right will be generated by the fourth - party outside of all of this equation; because it rejects all axes altogether, it is my view to the middle of the eye charge and inaction, and to the party yen opposite of the eye negatives and evil, and here lies the danger of this kind great harm, and this What the researcher will try to prove in his folds These papers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article aims to activate the role of university students in confronting extremist ideas through social media platforms. This manuscript is deemed as a contribution to the theoretical studies within the field of educational sciences. The paper includes the problem statement, the significance, the objectives, the definition of terms, and then the theoretical framework of social media networks. It explores the positive and the negative impacts of social media sites, shedding light on the concept of terrorism, the psychological reasons that cause terrorism, extremism, and the significant damage it causes across various aspects of societal life. The paper also addresses the educational reasons for extremism, leading to proposals and recommendations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sheikh Muhammad Jawad Mughniyah - may Allah have mercy on him - was not only a prominent figure in society, but also an eminent and knowledgeable scholar who produced and continues to produce extensive knowledge that is admired by leading scholars and intellectuals in the fields of thought, literature, and art, regardless of whether they are Muslim or non-Muslim. He closely observed their contributions and gained much from them, despite his rigorous scrutiny of their work. He was a prolific writer, with a clear and concise style, deep insights, and a meticulous approach. He was one of the few scholars who stood out in this era, enriching Islamic thought and spirituality, contributing to the intellectual and spiritual heritage, and studying the reality of his community, including its backwardness, injustice, and aggression. He discussed the reasons for these issues and, through their profound thinking and farsighted vision, outlined the way forward. Therefore, I decided to write this research paper, highlighting the most important persuasive techniques in his famous book "Al-Kashaf". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper sheds light on the image of time in the poetry of the Egyptian Sheikh alHakim Shams al-Din Muhammad ibn Daniyal ibn Yusuf ibn Ma’touq al-Khuza’i al-Mawsili (647-710 AH / 1249-1311 AD), by employing a structural and formative methodology with the concepts of critic Lucien Goldman (1913-970) developed On the sociological orientations of his Hungarian teacher, George Lukács (1885-1971), the aim of the paper is to explore the effect of intertextuality in enabling Ibn Daniyal to create meanings for his poems that expressed horizons of a common vision for him with the society to which he belonged, and highlighted specific features of Mamluk society - in its sub-middle and non-existent class. Such as: her realistic awareness of her low social and economic conditions and their causes, her satirical criticism of political practices that ignored her conditions, her sense of humor through which she vented her suppressed opinion, her Sufi religiosity, which represented her refuge from her bitter reality. Who represented her sanctuary from her bitter reality. The conclusion reached by the research is that the "minor structures" that constituted the main component in Ibn Daniyal's poems accurately reveal a larger "functional structure", whose fabric is harmonious in its threads spinning horizontally with a lived reality under which a "world vision" is formed for the Ibn Daniyal community to which he belongs and vertically. With the influence of religious texts and previous literary productions on the productions of our poet, Ibn Daniyal absorbed them and digested them artistically until they became an original component of the themes of his poetry. the mental structures of the Mamluk community to which he belongs; And the inclusive structures intertwined with the ideas of his predecessor influenced by Ibn Daniyal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present paper, entitled ( The Placed Time in Hizebr Mahmoud's Poetry ) attempts to find out the overlapping between the elements of time and place in the poetic texts, as two essential elements that are indispensable in each literary work. Hence, the study tackles the poetic texts that involve the placed time, i.e. the time which is overwhelmed and landed by the place. Then, the study explained and analyzed each text conspicuously, so that it becomes obvious to the reader how time becomes a place, utilizing the metaphor that is capable to make the different textual elements ( time, place and characters ) mutual in their roles in an exciting literary way that influences the reader, interested him, and get his attention . The present paper, entitled ( The Placed Time in Hizebr Mahmoud's Poetry ) attempts to find out the overlapping between the elements of time and place in the poetic texts, as two essential elements that are indispensable in each literary work. Hence, the study tackles the poetic texts that involve the placed time, i.e. the time which is overwhelmed and landed by the place. Then, the study explained and analyzed each text conspicuously, so that it becomes obvious to the reader how time becomes a place, utilizing the metaphor that is capable to make the different textual elements ( time, place and characters ) mutual in their roles in an exciting literary way that influences the reader, interested him, and get his attention . The relationship between time and place is an existential one. It is not possible to imagine a life without them combined, as they are the two correlative elements of existence, and one cannot be separated from the other. This research aims to monitor temporal terms whose significance has expanded to characterize the attributes of a place. So the texts could make what is (( history ))a place on one hand and could make the word (( yesterday )) as a place on the other hand. Moreover, it could derive ((the era )) as a place too, and the rest of the times that became places including events and characters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the exception of Ḥāzim al-Qarṭājanni, no scholar was able to interpret the form of the Arabic poetic verse (al-Bait) which consists of two symmetrical parts (al-Ṣadr wal-‘Ajuz). Based on the Aristotle’s idea of imitation, Al-Qarṭājanni explained al-Bait as an imitating mental image of the Arab tent. Though this is brilliant, it is still an inadequate interpretation. This paper attempts to introduce a new explanation by combining the phenomenological method with Neuroaesthetics via adapting some of its results to focus on the creative process itself. The paper, through theoretical and applied analyzes, reached a main conclusion that the form of Arabic verse is an allegorical image of the poetic consciousness which produced it, and an outcome of its metaphorical thinking represented by the interrelating of the function of the left hemisphere of the brain (thinking) and the function of the right hemisphere (imagination), which correspond to alṢadr wal-‘Ajuz respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper deals with the role of linguistic marks (lexical and grammatical) to determine the sex of the view of some of the words which sits neighbors on the lips of masculine and feminine, which is located after (she) and (said) and (says) assigned to the evocative again and feminine in the Koran. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, polymeric compounds were prepared from unsaturated polyester as a base material with sisal fibres with different weight percentages (1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%) as a reinforcing material. After comparing the unsaturated polyester before and after reinforcement of the prepared compounds, it was found that there is an increase in the values of mechanical properties (Hardness strength, Compressive strength, Tensile strength, Impact strength) when reinforced by weight (4%) at room temperature; however, when treated at temperatures (8.55) ℃, it was found that the hardness, compressive and tensile strength decrease when heat treatment is at (8.55) ° C, the impact strength increases at higher temperatures and decreases at lower temperatures. It was also found that the thermal conductivity decreased at all temperatures (8.55)℃, which indicates that the polymeric composites consisting of unsaturated polyester resin reinforced with Nylon 66 are good heat insulators. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the manifestations of narrative hegemony in two novels by the Iraqi writer Falah Rahim, namely: (Hedgehogs on a Hot Day) and (The Sound of Drums from afar), through the implicit author and his relationship to ideology, the fictional character and its relationship to identity . The term hegemony is one of the central terms in studies of critical discourse analysis, especially in the theoretical approach enacted by the English academic Norman Faircliffe, which is the adopted approach in this research. Therefore, it was worth starting with a brief definition of this theoretical trend, followed by the discussion of the implicit author, and then discussing his relationship with hegemony and ideology in the novel (The Hedgehogs on a Hot Day), and then moving on to discuss the relationship of personality with dominance and identity in the novel (The Sound of the Drums from Far). The analysis in this research is based on interpretation and interpretation, and linking the text with the social context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research aims at studying Verbal Signifiers of some Prophetic words and expressions that were mentioned in the book al-adāb waatharuha fi al-tawjeeh al-akhlāqi, because the traditions (hadith) or have a good impact on the education and rehabilitating of selves, and correction of ethics. The good ethics are including choosing virtues and doing away with vices. Moreover, good ethics are of the traits of the prophets (May Allah send prayers and peace upon them) and saints(May Allah be pleased with them). This research paper is divided into two sections: section one concerning ordinary people-related expressions, which including taking care of parents, boosting relations with next of kin. The second section appertain to taking care of orphans, and helping the widows, the needy plus clarifying the duties towards neighbours. This research paper comes to the conclusion that righteous ethics are essential for survival of nations, and ethical degradation leads to fast-disappearing of nations. So, Muslims should adhere to the prophet's instructions which were mentioned in hadith in order to promote the nation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The poem "Song of the Rain" by Al Sayyab is regarded a fine example of modern poetry in Arabic literature. There are a number of researches on the literary sources of the poem, but they do not seem to be adequate or particularly convincing. This research paper is a humble attempt to open a new path towards discovering the literary sources of Al Sayyab's poem. After shedding light on the literary features in the poem and comparing it with some of the poems of P. B. Shelley, we show that Al-Sayyab has been influenced by Shelley in many of his poems. In most studies dealing with the life and poems of Al-Sayyab, he is thought to be inspired by T.S. Eliot in this poem. However, according to the assertion of many researchers, there is little, if any, accord between the poetic images and the contents of al-Sayyab and Eliot. The poetic method employed by Al-Sayyab is not been probed well; this paper, thus, tries to shed light on this gap. This is especially important for a number of reasons. This poem is considered as influential on many contemporary Arab poets, as they considered it as the best example of modern tendencies in Arabic poetry. The poem partakes of ambiguity and complexity as hallmarks of poetic modernity. Inquiring into the poem's sources of inspiration could shed light on such ambiguities. Adopting the French method for comparative studies, we show that the influence of the English poet on the Iraqi poet in writing "Song of the Rain" can be verified though Al Sayyab manages to create his own unique poetic world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present research paper aims to study and shed light on the spatial change of vegetation coverage in the Algerian steppe region. The investigation is based on remote sensing and geographic information systems through the analysis of satellite visuals in calculating the vegetation coverage index (Ndvi) for three different periods 1985 and 2022, with consideration to remote sensing and information systems. Geography is among the most important digital means that work to collect, analyze and study the geographical field in all its dimensions, and it also works to follow up on the changes taking place in it. The latter shows the most important changes in the vegetation cover in the study area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Speech is an important means of communication with humans, individuals and groups, in addition to its importance in shaping the mental environment and mental formation of the human being, guiding individuals and changing the reality of societies from one case to another. From this point of view, the discourse was characterized as moving and changing with specific goals and objectives. As for the concept of religious discourse, it refers to the understanding of religion in the light of the data of the age, stipulating the existence of a person who is reconciled and aware of his time, who participates in it efficiently and who relies on a religious authority in addressing it, its rulings and its statements. This paper deals with the problem of reading religious texts (Islamic as a model), a new reading that keeps pace with developments in light of religious and sectarian pluralism, a reading that is a reason to move the receiver’s horizon, and legislate the horizon of interpretation, and aims to achieve peaceful coexistence between different individuals with different religious and sectarian orientations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A This paper talks about the family of Abi Waqas who were a unique leaders as well as princes during the militarim participations which had distinguishing effect . Added to these, they played an important role to expansion the Islam and fixed their props in those battles . They were fighters as well as leaders . We will talk about these roles in this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The persuasive speech is regarded as a part of Al-Hhijjaj . Al-Hijjaj is associated with persuation as the association of the text with its function . we found in Ibn Abd Rabba poetry many persuasive styles especially in flirtation poetry . the poet used many rhetorical styles which he uses to convince the addressees in his flirtation . In this paper the terms persuation and flirtation have been defined linguishcally and as terminology the paper also showed the terms relevant to flirtation such as ( Al-Tashbeeb and Al-Naseeb ). It also clarified the types of addressees in Ibn Abid Rabba like Al-Mahbooba ( the beloved ), these who blamed him his love ( Al-Uthaal ), and companions . each of them has special methods in persuasive speech according to the poet desire . And we came out that the most interest of Ibn Abed Rabuh was to persuade the beloved and humiliating her to gain her affection with various persuasive methods, and he did not mention mentioning the idol, the lords, and the companions except in a few of them, making use of different persuasive methods from the use of the selected words for his purpose, the various rhetorical arts, expressive images, and poetic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper entitled Erbil a pit stop on james Buckingham journey to Iraq 1816 analytical study we she'd light on Erbil in the eyes of James Buckingham a foreign traveller whom Erbil was an important pit stop in their journey eastwards and into Iraq in particular due to its important geographical site over main and side roads whether terrial or marine as well as its historical monuments that attract voyagers, attention like it's castle,demographic and social structure that amuse travellers This trip contained many details about Erbil, despite the short period of the travelers' presence in the city. Or he was influenced by the evident evidence that attracted his eyes, so he excelled in describing them as describing the castle and the markets. Thus, the traveler in Buckingham left us valuable, focused information, especially as he undertook his trip to Iraq out of adventure and reconnaissance, according to the circumstances and data that surrounded him, which will be clarified in the course of the research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper deals with the question of the reception the open interpretation in Arabic novelist samples of Novel of Character, contemplating and at an image of reception by methodology of perceptions and interpretations with references of phenomenology, semiotics and sociology. The reception based to reader culture, and his intellectual reference and intelligence. Aesthetic text to be clear by its choose and description and its textual and semantic features are determined by its historical, cognitive and social links at the Arabic novelist sample of Novel of Character. The paper organized in four axes: It deals reception which is a participation between the writer and the receiver in structure of the novelist imaginary,. An application on the Arabic Novelist samples that was step in the application studying for an activation approaches to read and criticism on Arabic novel. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

After the expansion of Islam in the Arabian Peninsula, there was a great deal of mixing of Arabs with non-Arabs who wanted to convert to Islam and learn its Arabic language, which led to the expansion of the Islamic environment and the spread of the phenomenon of melody. Distortion, and they were not only confined to the matter, but went beyond the matter to explain these provisions, and the rules in order to establish them in the minds of the learners, or to support an opinion they adopted, or to explain a phenomenon they saw. For this reason, the grammarians resorted to adhering to most of the rulings with causes that explain their causes, as is the case for most grammarians who adopted the faults in their writings and paid clear attention to them. Al-Ajromiya) to highlight a part of the efforts of Sheikh Ismail Al-Hamdi (may God have mercy on him) in this field, who took from his entourage to Al-Kafrawi as a model, and he completed two papers after an introduction in which we dealt with the life of Sheikh Ismail Al- Hamidi, and made the first topic to explain the concept of grammatical reasoning, and what was written about that It was authored, and the second topic deals with the efforts of Sheikh Ismail Al-Hamdi in this field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present paper deals with the subject of nostalgia, its roots and different manifestations in the poetry of the Iraqi contemporary poet, Marouf Rosafi. Relying on the descriptiveanalytic method and the contemporary literary resources especially his complete poetical work, the author has analyzed these different manifestations. Scrutinizing the complete poetical work of this poet, the author has reach to different forms of nostalgia such as social, place, spiritual, political, economic nostalgias which are all emerged from the crises afflicting Iraq. Finally, the paper came to this conclusion that occupying homeland, public disorder, sedition and chaos are among the reasons which have had a great effect in formation of nostalgia; therefore, his odes are indicative of alienation and destruction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper deals with the biography of the writing self in Adonis's poetic work " Al- Kitab" in its three volumes (1995 , 1998 , 2002). A work wherein Al- Mutanabi is supposed to be its author, hence; the poetic autobiography is his own which he tells himself. The paper doesn’t interest in the events and phases of the autobiography in its own right, but it concerns itself with the event of writing from which it comes out, i.e. how the significance of the event of writing manifests itself through the autobiography of Al- Mutanabi in Al- Kitab. The paper points out three strategies which the event of writing consists in: Bringing and confirming some elements of Al-Mutanabi's historical biography, Replacing other elements and relations in that biography and Adding new elements and relations which are not found the famous historical biography. These three strategies cooperate with each other to reveal the significance of the rewriting of Al-Mutanabi's biography and then the whole meaning of the act of writing at this level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper studies the concept of Pedestrian Friendly Environment in Residential complexes. It's defined it as (an environment that posses number of design and social characteristics, such as safety, vitality, connected and accessible. Also interesting, comfortable, through good design of pedestrian axes, mixed use and sustainable transportation. The research problem is that (there is a knowledge gap about the characteristics of this environment, and its treatment in residential complexes locally .The research hypothesis is that (The Pedestrian Friendly Environment in Residential complexes materialized through, planning dimensions, design and environmental characteristics and treatments). The paper found that the aim of pedestrian friendly environment is to improve the body activities, increase the quality of space and the social interaction, materialized the sustainable transportation. The planning dimensions were the intense mixed use, and the design of pedestrian axes. The main design characteristics were accessibility, vitality, permeability and safety. And finally providing shads as environmental treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Amorican occupation of Iraqi had politica’ social and literary consequences. These are reflecf in Arab current poem especially Iraqi’s poem. Poem that explain the problem related to Iraqi occupation is the branch of resistance literature. That being more common the Iraqi current generation who touch harmful occupation disaster with their blood and flesh. In this connection current Iraqi poet Australia resident in his poems about problems occupation of Iraqi and draw all its unpleasant resuits. And in this situation payad for proudful Iraqi history in past centuries till exist enthusiasm soul and consistency Iraqi people. However they said a lot about the problems related to Iraqi occupation. As well as this Samavi of Emam Hossein and Emam Mahdi as two theology eminent sambol called the in case of follow of their way people of Iraqi be able to run aways occupationary strangers from his government. Samavi for conveying better of resistance message and consistence to singers has profit from secret technique and used from both history and natural secret aspects his natural were as Gorg khook Malach and his history secret as Omar Yaser Hollakoh Sallahedeen Ayoobi and ect. The curvreat paper Present research is this that diverse fromwork Iraqi occupation by Nato by America leadership had extensive reflection in Samavi poem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Killing destroying and horror take a big Space in an old Arab poetry .There isn’t any strange about the poetry in Arabs .for example the horror in poet of Hund bunt wtabih – as areaserch which gives us many pictures about horror killing in her doing and Saying She took her revenge for killing of father and brother but she took their dead bodies after killing and made many oterrble style with them In these papers. I will explain .Some words about horror and we depend these in Hund. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nazik Al-Malaika and Al-Sayyab made a massive challenging on the Arabic poetry structures whereas they created basic differences in its shape. After this remonstrates, ABayati appeared in the Arabic poetry arena to continue these challenges and make new differences on content and poetic image. Thereby Al-Bayati succeeded to provide new poetic models and changed dispatches of new modern poetry so that poetry has become confined to the issues of society (cultural and political) including nastiness and goodness surrounding it. That was after that the Arab poetry since long ages concerned with special contents such as praise, satire and pride or things related to the poet himself like romantic poems. But Al-Bayati came and dealt with cultural patterns rooted in society, in other words, he introduced new ones in order to reform and influence the future generations of poets. In this spirit we decided to study the cultural patterns rooted in the poetry of one of the poets who has seen the sixties generation. The pioneer’s generation that came after Al-Bayati whereas the paper examines Amal Donqol to see the extent of Al-Bayati’s influence in changing the message of poetry and his effect on modern poetry, through studying the cultural patterns dealt with by Amal Donqul in his poetry and its balance with the most important formats in AlBayati’s poetry with the analyticaldescriptive approach. Among the results that we reached in this research are: Amal Donqol, as one of the most prominent poets of the. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Significance One of the modern methods in the science of linguistics, which examines the linguistic signs and their composition. This is one of the many terms used in the Qur'anic teachings which are mentioned in the Qur'an more than once. Since one of the ways of the connection between the Lord and his prophet and the expression of this connection is shown through this chapter, understanding the meaning of this singularity takes particular significance. This paper tries to examine the meanings of the individual in the Holy Quran, and this through the look at the meaning of this individual in the dictionaries and their relevance to the other vocabulary in terms of meaning and concept with a comparison of words such as: Kalm, stories and the news of the gulf, and substitution, such as: Inspiration, Kalm and ..., and then studied through the use of the approach of Izutsu oriental Japanese We try to show the relevance of these words and how to use them in the Koran. This study attempts to reveal the use of the meaning of this singularity according to the structure of the verses of the Quran as different and different, as it shows the deep emotional connection of the revelation with other words in the Qur'an to this individual [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is a real attempt to understand the British role inauguration Faisal Bin Al-Husain as a king of Iraq. This paper deals with the British communication with faisel. then Winston Churchill's speech in British common house.then fodlowed by arriving faisal to Iraq after that the referend um faisel. The his claims of British maneuver lastly coronation on faisal & his inauguration as a king of Iraq. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study sheds light on the implications of the multiplicity of readings of the text in the book "Al-Durr al- Masoun fi Kitab Allah a— Masoun" for his author 'Ibin Sameen Al-Halabi' (756 A.H.) Concerning the effects that are related to the Rhetorical techniques and the attempt to know b whom 'Ibin Sameen has been influenced concerning this aspect. In Addition, the paper tries to investigate to methodology that 'Ibin Sameen has used when he dealt with these techniques. Within this study, there are number of texts that have relation to this idea. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The narrative dialogue is one of the most important literature arts; it is an art which open a gate to the literature inventories, starts by fiction, enthusiastic and mythic etc…, till it reaches to its modern paradigm that we know it today as romans or short stories, it has special values and feature manners. While starting reading the “farewell” roman, we’ll find the narrative dialogue elements so obviously, in which you’ll find that the events is rolling on many different characters, also you’ll find the extraordinarily and repetitive elements, therefore the common definitions of this roman is obviously indisputable. The aim of this thesis is studying the narration elements through a descriptive and annalistic manner, trying to answer the question about that how Nabil Farouq used the characteristic, chronicle, locality, conversation, repetitive, and extraordinarily elements in “farewell”. At the end of this paper we reached some conclusions about the types of the characters and the chronicle element variety, on the other side, the element of locality was carefully selected because of its importance in the roman’s events, the dialogue of the conversation element in this roman is more than the monologue because of the nature of the roman itself, in which the monologue almost banded on the inner thoughts of the character. The repetitive element was attractive because it’s different events, but the type of the extraordinarily is the type of the realistic one. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Performance-based architectural design is an approach to consider building performance as a key element in its generation and formation. This trend has become possible due to the development of digital technologies which enabled the designer to simulate the building performance digitally in different areas of design such as constructional, environmental, etc. In this approach, the performance assessment is an essential facility in the derivation of architectural form. Previous studies showed different opinions about where, when and how to apply evaluation criteria. Consequently, the research problem has been identified as: there is no clear understanding of the effect of different methods of assessing performance criteria (simultaneous and sequential) on the formal diversity of design alternatives. Accordingly, the paper adopts a computerized design strategy based on specific performance criteria and using commercial CAD software to explore the impact of changing the sequence of performance criteria on the formal diversity of design alternatives. The results show that the best designs resulting from the simultaneous evaluation differ from those resulting from the sequential evaluation. In addition, designs resulting from the sequential evaluation process vary when the sequence of performance criteria adopted in the evaluation is changed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper deals with novels for group of Iraqi Women novelists published in the time period 2003 – 2013, and the functioning of temporal anomalies in the Iraqi Women's narrative. In general, the novel contains structural elements such as: the characters, events and the places, these elements must be collected by an artist creating a complete work of fiction. However the time dominates the other elements through progression and regaining called Time paradox, it has a modern critical importance because of its impact in highlighting of political, social and cultural events that make up the fictional environment which cast a shadow over other techniques. And that it is clear in the course of the narrative. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper we prepared 4-nitrocenamic acid and cenamic acid (1,2) by reaction of one mole of (4-nitrobanzaldehyde and benzaldehyde) in the acetic hydrate potassium acetate as a base, then comes the reaction of number (1) compound to saturate double bond in brome to produce saturated acid (2,3-dibromo-3-(4-nitrophenyl) propionic acid (3), and then the reaction of (2,3) compounds with thio semicarbazide by using conc was done. Sulpharic acid to obtain substituted thiodiazole (4,9) compounds and then reaction of compound (2) with semicarbazide to produce substituted oxadiazole (5) and then react substituted thiadaiazole (4,9) with sodium nitrate in presence of conc. hydrochloric acid to product 2-chloro-5-substitude -1,3,4-thiadiazole (6,10)..The compounds were identified by physical and spectral methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The research talked about one of the important social subject that care public so cities which is. This subject deals with three subdivisions papers :- The first one deals with the reasons of unemployment mentioned the definition of it in addition to make a comparison between it and inertia. then talked specially about unemployment that had got in our wounded country become of wars in it. It had a branch talked about in Islamic society. The second one deals with the negative results of unemployment specially economic, moral and social with their roles in spreading negative phenomenon in our society as terrorist, stolen … etc … The third one deals with the ways of reducing unemployment and trying to limit it, that may achieve under two conditions as crafts unemployment divide the jobs according to purifying in work but it is also spread. Whereas the other one is the ways of unemployment of graduation in Iraq The research had concluded with praying of Mohamad [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to analyze time series using the method of Box and Jenkins (B&J) (diagnosit, estimating, model appropriate test and prediction) to find the best model of predicting available quantities for red meat, chicken and fish consumption in Iraq depending on the annual data of 1990 - 2012. The analysis results showed that the model was the appropriate model for red meat of (0, 1, 1), for chicken of (1, 1, 1) and for fish of (1, 0, 0). Annually predicting available quantities for red meat, chicken and fish consumption was depending on these models for 2012 - 2022. The rates of available quantities growth for red meat, chicken and fish consumption per capita decreased during the studied period and were compatible with predicted quantities which indicated the decreasing but slowly. To keep on the current levels of red meet, chicken and fish consumption. It must be working on increasing the development of these sections of 1.9 , 1.45 , and 1.6%, respectively, to face the predicted negative development rate of -1.9 , -1.4 and -1.6% , respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the last years of this century, many of the research centers continue to do many experimental studies with cognitive nature in the field of design process that had wide range of applications in the architectural domain, to explore how the designer think and perform during the design process and on which aspects the designer depend during that process . This can be attributed to many causes are; the intimate need for "Corporate architecture " which became the rule of communication between the designers and clients now. The increase of the designers justification abilities and capabilities the promotion of their role as Key decision makers on a projects. Finally, the role of computer technology as a design tool that helps in design process and become s congenial to a designer's thinking and working procedures in order to grow and develop such a tool, which will be supportive for architectural field. This paper puts forward an experimental study comparing the cognitive processes during conceptual design stage for three different types of design tasks performed by a group of architectural design students, to explore the effect of the different design tasks on the concept framework of those students during conceptual design activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents an air gap eccentricity fault Diagnosis of a salient Pole three phase synchronous generator. The detection and diagnosis of this type of fault is based on analyzing armature and field current signatures, using FFT . Therefore, the synchronous generator, under this type of fault, is modeled by using finite element method (FEM). Also practical results are performed in the lab with deliberately air gap eccentricity faults, by using samples of bearings malfunctioning or the removal of single or pair pole. The modeling and experimental results show that FEM is a reliable approach that can be used to model synchronous generator under electrical and mechanical faults. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Deciles method is one of the indices which are used for studying and analysing of droughts in the world and especially in Australia. The method is known by its simplicity and the limited data needed for analysis, and up to the knowledge of the authors this paper is the first study which utilizes this method for drought analysis in Iraq.Deciles method is used in this research for meteorological drought investigation in Northern Iraq. Monthly rainfall data is collected and utilized from 9 meteorological stations scattered in the study area which are; Sinjar, Tel-Afer, Dohuk, Mosul, Erbil, Kirkuk, Dokan, Sulymania, and Derbendikhan for the period 1937-2010. The meteorological drought cases were studied and analyzed using a table proposed in this study. The table includes the proposed maximum and minimum rainfall depths for each decile and for each station involved in the study. This table can be used to identifying drought periods' set on and termination in future. This can be achieved by comparing the actual rainfall depths in a certain area with the proposed tabulated values to diagnose drought cases which help in taking suitable actions for drought mitigation in advance. The drought analysis for the study area showed that the area has faced a sequential drought periods which were recurring about every decade and the most severe drought periods were in 1997-2001 and 2007-2010. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Scour process at the abutment of bridge is influenced by the contraction of the stream flow specially when the abutment immureaneffectivewidth of the stream flow,also the shape of the abutment has an important effects onthescour depth at the abutment.In this paper a series of laboratory experiments were carried outto study the effect of contraction ratio and abutment shape on the scour and its maximum depth at the abutment.Threeshapes of abutments with three-contraction ratio with differentflow rateswere used.The result of the experiments showed that the circular shape and (30o) angle abutments reduce scour compared with that, which was, occur at the rectangular abutment.The reduction of scour depth with circular shape is about (22%) where that with (30o) angle is about (27%),also a dimensionless general empirical formula was createdfor thecalculation the scour depth by using the (SPSS 11.5) Statistical program a Coefficient (R2=0.933) of determination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Human Eye’s detection is one of the significant difficulties in computer vision. Eye detection utilized in medical applications and computer control system for people with special needs. In this paper, an efficient algorithm for eye detection is proposed. The algorithm utilized both luminesce and chrominance components to detect face region and later with geometricalcharacteristics to fine detection for pupil center. The experimentsresults show that the algorithm is works with 93% of images database used for testing with small computation time means the algorithm is usable in real time applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]