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Heidegger’s critique of Aristoteles’ definition of mankind as ζώον λόγον έχον is a long and still attractive chapter in his philosophy. We see often in Heidegger’s works that he appeals to the Latin translation (or the Latin interpretation, as he says) of animal rationale as a way to criticize western metaphysics. The conception of mankind in western metaphysics, culture, and thought is based on the Aristotelian definition. This paper aims to discuss the role and importance of this definition in Heidegger's thought. Broadly speaking, he has two kinds of discussion about it: there is a question concerning human beings, but in so far as it is the Being-question; and there is a question concerning language. Here we restrict ourselves to the latter. Firstly, in the introduction part, we will justify posing a question about the human being and will show that such a question is a kind of Being-question. After that, in the first part, based on Heidegger’s lecture The Ground Problems of Metaphysics (1929/30) we will explore those language-problems which are arisen from the Aristotelian definition. Heidegger's starting point is λόγος, i.e. speech or language, which is taken from ζώον λόγον έχον. Finally, in the second part, we will explore the same problem in Heidegger’s Being and Time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Civilization is a social phenomenon which has been transferred from generation to generation and aims to clarify the truths, protect a certain society and aimes the civilized life style and the relationship dimension of society with human being. The Islamic conquests have been caused the expansion of the Islamic realm for the survitude the of Allah and to achieve peace in the world. For this supreme purpose islamic invitation started from Arabian peninsula to the four corners of the World. Language and culture have their effect on everywhere and no matter who they are. For this reason, by the emergence and conquests of Islam, Arabic language has effected other languages as well as Persian language. Similarly, we witness that Arabic language has also been effected by the Persian language. We can never forget that the Arabic language is a means to understand the aims of Islam religion. Since Arabic is Quran language and it is the manifestation of faith and piety, people has always taken care and made claim to Arabic language. The purpose of this paper is to shed light on the influence of the Arabic language on the Persian language and vice versa. It also sheds light on the depth of the ages of social and cultural relationship and the relationship between the owners of both Persian and Arabic languages throughout the history of Islam. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]