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This paper introduces an in-depth view of the contribution of German researchers in the field of information and communication science on one of the main professional and ethical principles the "objectivity". German researchers have laid down specific pillars of what they call "professional objectivity" such as: relevance to reality and integrity to be the basis on which rest the criteria of objectivity of correctness, completeness, accuracy, importance, neutrality, balance and independence. The Germans have developed ways to test each of these concepts to measure the compliance of the communicator with these professional and ethical principles. This paper adds certain empirical testing methods that German researchers have not previously addressed to develop the normative pillars of professional objectivity to make them more effective. This paper also provides live examples from the real Arab media on most of these criteria to make it even clearer to the Arab researcher in the field of media and communication science. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main objective of this research is to study the intellectual and political aspects of Abdulhamid Sharaf’s life, and to monitor the intellectual and political controversy in it. The preparation of this research depends on his lectures to the public, articles, interviews and press conferences, and a number of political documents relating to his biography, as well as the testimonies given by his colleagues during his study, or during his diplomatic or political career, were all important sources of this study, and it also benefited on his own papers his family has. This study highlighting the genesis and forming of Abdulhamid Sharaf, monitoring factors influencing his personality formulation, and analyzing the motives behind his belief, or political positions. This research focused on the controversy of thought and politics in the life of Abdulhamid Sharaf, through several topics: Jordanian issues and affairs, the Palestinian issue, Arab issues and affairs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]