Search

confiscation and expansion of settlements left no lands for another “state” solution. Hence resistance was a necessity. The paper adopts a comparative approach based on the assessment of wills between the resistance and those who support it versus the American ruler and the Zionist agent and the Western colonialism and their “Arab” cohorts. The paper also monitors and analyzes perceptions of the Al-Aqsa Flood process in terms of intellectual potential and events. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research paper discusses the reality of electoral governance in Algeria, after the issuance of law No. 21-01 regulating elections, which was issued on March 10, 2021, and the subsequent legislative and local elections in the same year. The paper questions the extent to which governance indicators are applied in the electoral affairs in Algeria through the aforementioned past election entitlements, and the extent to which they are free from aspects of corruption or fraud. The integrity and credibility of elections is considered essential in the democratic process of any country, given that it produces future elites capable of managing people's concerns and hopes, and formulate development strategies that are in the interest of the country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the foundations of colonial knowledge in the Maghreb countries during the colonial era, and the complications carried by its epistemological legacy in the present Maghreb and Arab- Islamic societies in general. The paper examines the French and Italian colonial cognitive experience in Libya and Tunisia, and its present influence on political thinking and defining events of which these countries are experiencing today. To test this proposition, the paper focuses critical observation on the “anthropological eyes” with which the French viewed the Fezzan in Libya between 1943 and 1947, and the complications of concepts such as tribe and farmer society with their colonial and ethnocentric cognitive content. The paper concludes with sculpting the methodological features that define the conditions for a critical cognitive position that should be taken regarding this legacy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to study the Zionist narrative and the changes that have occurred over time ever since the emergence of the Zionist movement. The study starts with a theoretical section on comparative colonial settlement models, definitions of the novel, and its changes between the Zionist novel and others. In the second section, the study discusses the main components of the Zionist narrative, as classified by Bar-On, which are: gathering exiles in the Land of Israel, creating a regional space for Jews there, creating a contemporary reality for the Jewish community, achieving political sovereignty, and finaly the achievement of peace and international acceptance. The paper analyzes the intersections and differences in the novel between political Zionism, labor Zionism, revisionist Zionism (Iron Wall Zionism), and religious Zionism, and across time. The study ends with a summary of its findings, wondering about the possibility of the Zionist narrative continuation in light of the cracks it is exposed to, both internally and externally. The study is heavily based on Zionist references, and Jewish ones in particular, in order to deconstruct the narrative from within. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper tracks the rise of German dominance since Bismarck’s unification of Germany in 1871 and during the 20th century, when the Germans used their economic, demographic, and military power in addition to geopolitical theories, particularly the vital space theory, to support expansionism. The «German question» evolved in the wake of the two world wars as the European States’ main concern was how to maintain a peaceful, powerful Germany. Following the Ukrainian war, German Chancellor Olaf Scholz declared Germany’s goal to have the greatest army in Europe, modernize military industries, and allocate 100 billion Euros for the defense budget. Accordingly, as strong Germany, historically, has always sought to dominate its neighbors, the paper examines the possible scenarios for the rise of Germany and its dominance over the European Union. What will be the repercussions of Germany’s rise on the future of the European Union and its institutions, and the potential incentives for cooperation and collaboration among European nations? [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on Realism theory, this paper provides an explanation of the importance of power in International Relations, by analyzing the behavior of China and Japan in the East Asian region, and also the behavior of the United States of America towards them as the dominant superpower under the current international system. It answers the problem of the transfer of power from the West to the East, and in return supports the assumption that the Great Powers seek to possess relative power as much as possible. The paper also emphasizes that the State should not undermine or renounce its offensive power, as with Japan, because that will put it in front of a dilemma of the growing the power of neighboring States that seek to achieve regional hegemony, such as China. Therefore, all of these transformations show that international relations are a complex field and should not be reduced to a specific ideal field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The year 1787 witnessed the birth of two eminent Arab scholars who left their intellectual and literary marks on the reform currents in the Arab World as well as on Western Orientalism: Muhammad bin Ali al-Sanusi (d. 1859) and Hussein Saleem al-Dajani (d. 1858). Both spearheaded local resistance movements against French occupation at opposite ends of the Arab World and, at the same time, engaged European intellectual currents. They later became the subjects of study of famous Orientalists including the French polymath Constantin de Volney (1757-1820), French explorer Henri Duveyrier (1840-1892), Scottish historian H. A. R. Gibb (1895-1971), and the English anthropologist E. E. Evans-Pritchard (1902-1973). This paper examines how cultural contact and conflict, especially that springing from European political designs, shaped al-Sanussi and al-Dajani’s respective contributions to Arabic literary and intellectual life in the 18th century. Their lives and work show both the absorption of values associated with the European enlightenment and the assertion of a religious and intellectual identity which resists the European hegemony. The author builds largely on the work of the eminent Arab scholar, the late Ahmed Sedki Dajani, and his compilations of Arab-European intellectual exchanges about that period. This paper contrasts al-Sanussi and al-Dajani’s ideas as expressed in their own words with their significance as presented by European writers. It aims to bring to life a literary era where ideas flowed between Western and Arabic cultures without erasing the power dynamics therein. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study seeks to clarify the concept of “crisis” and investigate its descriptive capacity in light of events and developments on the Libyan scene. It aims to provide a clearer understanding of this concept and proposes theoretical approaches to understand the Libyan crisis and test its current and future effects, including traditional and non-traditional approaches such as the Marxist conflict approach, the organic functional approach, and Edgar Morin’s crisis science approach. One of the main concerns of this paper is considering the Libyan crisis as interconnected stages through a long chronological sequence. This attempt represents an implicit approach to unraveling the Libyan situation, albeit not in-depth, considering the nature of complexity and branching that the Libyan crisis suffers from. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Germany seeks to gain the approval of Israelis as much as possible, even if it means doing so on the ruins of a genocide being committed against the Palestinian people, exposing Germany’s contradiction as it tries to atone for its Nazi past by supporting “Semites”. This paper provides a narrative of the historical relationship between Germany and Israel, as Germany contributed to the establishment of the state of Israel and enabled it to possess the necessary power to maintain its existence. Germany has consistently sought to appease Israel, going so far as to link Germany’s existence to Israel’s security, without neglecting the influence of the United States in shaping this relationship between them as it stands today. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper addresses the developments witnessed by the concept of security in strategic studies, based on the insights of the Egyptian thinker Bahgat Korany, who formulated the concepts of high and low politics. The former is linked to traditional military and security domains, while the latter is associated with social, economic, and cultural spheres, which current historical contexts have highlighted the importance of, particularly for countries described as lagging behind. The study adopts the cultural security model through analyzing the contemporary Arab world's reality, demonstrating that cultural security plays a fundamental role in securing various other sectors, especially in preserving identity and cultural distinctiveness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to uncover the opportunities available for the success of the "modern tradition" model included in Qatar's Vision 2030, and whether legislative and educational leaderships in Qatar grasp this concept. The study reveals a legislative trend in Qatar to combine Qatari traditions, jurisprudential schools, and modernization. Similarly, there is a parallel trend in the educational sector to align Qatari traditions with Islamic values and modern behavioral patterns. The paper also indicates that the trend towards "modern tradition" is not limited to Qatar. It suggests that the primary concern should not only be the continuity of social cohesion but also the establishment of a middle class that believes in the "modern tradition" model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the extent to which the “wishes produced” by the constitution are consistent with the practices of democratic transformation in Morocco after more than ten years of its entry into force. The study is based on the hypothesis that this supreme law bears the seeds of developing political life and qualifying actors even before its implementation, but only practice helps activate its perspective for managing power and ensuring rights and freedoms. Although the link between the constitution and its context does not appeal to some constitutional jurists, the paper argues that attributing the 2011 constitutional reform to a specific party rather than another involves a narrow perception, and attention must be paid to the inconsistency of its arguments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper seeks to examine the phenomenon of protest and the dynamic of societal act in the environment and contexts of the Arab region, most of which are produced under the conditions of protest, and the growing sense of indignation and dissatisfaction, and in the context of authoritarian and violent political and cultural structures and low civic values. The research aims to dismantle the growing phenomenon of protest movements in the Arab world (2010-2020), from where the structure of their formation and their mobility frameworks, and to increase the role of new social forces as agencies and mediators in the conflict between society and power, seeking to express themselves and raise their demands through protest and demonstration, beyond the limitations of traditional media such as political parties and trade unions. The paper theoretically approaches the topic from the perspective of social movements frameworks and developments in public space entrances. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper adopts a historical sociological approach that closely links analysis to common trends in development or the application of sociology to problems by describing history as a field of inquiry and reflection, focusing on what calls for comparison. Addressing such a topic requires a paleontological analysis to determine the geostrategic background of the alliance between imperialism and Zionism: “To think well on political and social fields, one must read well into the historical field.” This study adopts a forceful high-pitched tone, that showcases aggression instead of war, especially since war is related to the use of force between two or more countries, according to Karl Clausewitz, while what Gaza is witnessing is an aggression of a military state against a liberation movement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper deals with the Al-Aqsa flood process, how it renewed the Palestinian cause by achieving shock and fear, revealing that the two-state solution is based on evasion and deception, due to the lack of an honest partner and mediator. Not to mention, the policy of land. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper discusses the phenomenon of state failure in general, and the Libyan state in particular, by studying the legacy left by Gaddafi regime and its impact on the institutions, which are believed to have become more fragile during his rule. The study discusses how the historical legacy of the Gaddafi regime played a role in the failure of the Libyan state after 2011, and assumes that personal authoritarian regimes such as the Gaddafi regime are the most harmful to state institutions. Given the inability of the ruling elite to restrict the behaviors and decisions of the authoritarian leader, which often aim to prevent the existence of any real institutions that might limit his ability to exercise power. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Questioning the concepts and clarifying their internal problems is a common matter between theologians and the Arabs before the Islamic Daʿwah. It is the basis of the Almighty’s revelation. It is to work with meanings in a way that reflects the characteristics of thought amongst the Arabs, indicating that Arab-Islamic philosophical discourses regarding boundaries are not simply due to the exposure to Greek philosophy or others. Second, it indicates that the Arabic language was fully mature and ready when called upon to contain the concepts of the new religion in general, and the concept of God at its highest levels of abstraction in particular. This is what the paper addresses by looking at the science of theology as a whole, and at the concept of time transformation according to Al-Kindi, in order to clarify the relationship between before and after the Daʿwah in terms of thought and its mechanisms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study examines the faltering experience of democratic transition in Morocco, by recalling the historical contexts in which constitutional deliberation was raised, especially after announcing that human rights violations will be overlooked and a “rotation government” will be installed. The paper will identify the weaknesses that prevent the completion of conditions necessary for reforms and the establishment of democratic institutions. The study is mainly concerned with tracking the stages of political and constitutional reforms, the progress of demands since independence until the amendment of the 2011 Constitution, reciting the turning points in the history of political conflicts between the royal authority and the opposition forces, and analyzing the major outcomes that resulted, whether in terms of the specificity of the approaches and the proposed exits to liquidate the legacy of the authoritarian past, towards adopting institutional consensuses and approaches to implementing transitional justice and a controlled democratic transition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Independent development and social justice in any country is linked to the nature of the ruling class in it and the economic and social policies that this class usually adopts as an expression of its interests, and the extent to which these policies contribute to the productivity of the economy, providing job opportunities, the optimal use of natural and human resources, and ultimately in the equitable distribution of national wealth. This paper discusses development trends in Arab countries, the economic and monetary policies on which these trends are based, the major imbalances that Arab economies suffer from, and the economic and social effects that have resulted from them, which have created a clear disparity in various development indicators between one social group and another in these countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the formation of the modern Libyan state and the political, economic, and social transformations that accompanied it, from its independence in 1951 up to the period just before the disintegration of the state and its institutions due to the repercussions of the 2011 uprising. It focuses on the role played by the choices made by the ruling national elites in shaping the modern Libyan state during the two political regimes that governed Libya before the 2011 uprising: the Senussi Kingdom (1951-1969) and the Jamahiriya State (1969-2011). This study aims to test a fundamental hypothesis that the current crisis facing the Libyan state is deeply rooted in the manner in which the modern Libyan state was formed. This process was characterized by the inherent contradiction arising from the imposition of a modern nation-state on Libyan society through colonialism and a long historical trend of weakening the state’s institutional structure at the hands of the ruling political elites within both the monarchy and the Jamahiriya state. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since its independence in 1956, Sudan faced major internal and external challenges that affect the national construction process. These challenges have cast its shadow not only over Sudan's past and present, but its future as well. The ongoing war in Sudan today is but a pivotal part of these challenges. This paper discusses the war in Sudan in terms of its nature and objectives, without tracing its operational paths and the militaristic conflict, as this may increase the distortion of the war, its objectives, and the stakeholders behind it. This paper focuses on understanding the nature of this war and its background, and Western hegemony over Sudan whether political and constitutional tools, or military tools. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the sociology of development and the sociology of culture, this paper seeks to discuss the complex relationship between the quality of the dominant development model on the one hand, and the state of accumulation at the cultural capital scale, with its structures, processes and values on the other. How has the adoption of the global capitalist model over the past decades led to negative consequences at multiple and different levels, especially socio-cultural associated with the deterioration of the social conditions of the middle classes, which are the habitat of cultural capital with its three main components: the Embodied, the institutionalized as well as the Objectified, and the consequent socio-cultural problems of a structural type. The paper proposes an alternative development vision that devotes positive and effective cultural value systems that allow an equal socio-cultural accumulation on a more equitable basis, through which more vibrant, inclusive and sustainable development horizons are opened, taking into consideration the great importance of the cultural system, with all its components, in comprehensive development strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the impact of Russian-Atlantic war in Ukraine on the vision of countries and their awareness of their position within the geopolitical map of the world, through studying what repercussions the war has on Algeria, which enjoys good relations with Russia. Given the scales of the ongoing conflict in Ukraine, the Algerian vision focuses on building new/renewing regional alliances in its Mediterranean space, especially since it rich with energy resources (gas and oil). This is clearly evident after strengthening its relations with Italy and Turkey, whether as of economic partnership and strategic cooperation. Thus, this paper is concerned with the Algerian vision of the conflict in Ukraine, and provides a reading of the new alliances in this context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents a comparative analysis of three indicators of the state of Arab unity between 2021 and 2022, based on the fact that Arab unity is a cumulative process in awareness and in practical reality, and therefore its achievement requires popular and democratic struggle. The first indicator is the Arab national state, meaning the extent of the state’s cohesion in the face of threats, disintegration and fragmentation. The second indicator is Arab-Arab relations, whether Arab countries are cooperative or vice versa. The third indicator is to measure the effectiveness of the Arab system by studying the performance of the League of Arab States, specifically the summit conferences and the decisions and recommendations issued by them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The financial crisis of 2008 ushered in a controversial decade that gave way to a dark era of war, terrorism, mass displacement, the resurgence of xenophobic white nationalism, ISIS, Brexit, Trumpism, and other issues that came to define a turbulent era. This research paper examines the economic contexts and theories of capital that contitute the difference in digital media research; The questions that digital media research must enquire to respond to a world in crisis; How did transformations in digital media technologies change the nature of the questions asked by media and cultural studies scholars, the theoretical frameworks, or the methodologies they used?. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rushd. If many Arab and non-Arab researchers included Ibn Rushd's thought within the intellectual system of the Middle Ages, where transmission dominated the mind, then this article defends the basic idea that Ibn Rushd, despite being living in the Middle Ages, established for himself a rational philosophical approach that made his thought closer to modern times. The paper defends this statement through examining original texts of Ibn Rushd, in addition to multiple readings about his philosophy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

On August 11, 2021, US President Joe Badin announced that he would bring together the leaders of a variety of democracies in the world for a virtual Summit on Democracy, to be followed by a second face-to-face summit about a year later. The summit will include commitments and initiatives centered around three main axes: resisting tyranny, combating corruption, and promoting respect for human rights. After a year of consultations, coordination and action, the leaders meet again, to present progress against their commitments. The two summits will bring together heads of state, civil society, the charitable sector and the private sector. In light of the above, this paper seeks to read the American move from the perspective of (international relations theories). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite the normalization between some Arab Gulf states and Israel, the Gulf society has remained mostly distant from it, opting to confront it by various means. This reflects the Gulf popular rejection of normalization policies with the Zionist entity. However, these agreements still pose challenges to pro-Palestinian efforts and to normalization resistance in the Gulf region. This paper showcases four experiences of popular Gulf rejection of normalization with the Zionist entity (including Bahrain,Oman, Qatar and Kuwait), portraying the role of youth movements in these countries in confronting normalization and boycotting the Zionist entity and supporting the Palestinian cause. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Russian military operation in Ukraine triggered international turmoil, and had major repercussions on the entire world, including oil and gas prices, goods and services, migration policies, political alliances, and regional and international relations. It is pushing towards a change in the international system, but the features of the new system are not yet clear. This paper discusses the role of the Arab Gulf states in the stability of global energy markets, and sheds light on the Gulf-Chinese relations, and the role of OPEC+. The research identifies the main opportunities and challenges for policy makers and companies in the Arab Gulf states. It also shows the new political challenges facing these countries in terms of the future of their relations with the United States of America, some Western European countries, and China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Geopolitical and economic changes have accelerated worldwide since the Russian military operation in Ukraine. The impact of this military crisis has extended beyond the borders of Europe, casting its shadow on the Middle East and North Africa, causing major political, social and economic repercussions, due to the fragility of the economies in the region and the structural problems it suffers from, such as corruption, unemployment and lack of good governance, and the dependence on imports for most commodities, including food. This paper examines the repercussions of the Russian-Ukrainian war on the regional and local Arab political situations, presenting a political reading on the variant standpoints from this war, and then analyzing stances in light of international changes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to study citizenship in the Arab world from a historical descriptive perspective, highlighting the way in which citizenship in the Arab world grew without crystallizing. The research argues that citizenship was almost absent from the Arab historical experience until the end of the nineteenth century and the beginning of the twentieth century when the new Arab nationalist movement clashed with the Turkish Turanian tendency of the Ottoman Empire. During the Western colonial phase of the Arab world, Arab citizenship witnessed exponential growth. Later, after obtaining independence, the contemporary Arab states attempted to build a new concept of country citizenship by imitating the Western model of state-nationhood. However, these attempts did not succeed due to internal and external reasons. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since Moscow decided to invade Ukraine at the end of February 2022, Algeria urged to adopt vigilant diplomacy towards this crisis and, through it, aimed to achieve a balance between the two perceptions that are so difficult to reconcile and cope with this new strategy. Firstly, Algeria sought to preserve its historical special relationship with Russia, by indirectly supporting Moscow through abstaining from voting on a UN resolution of condemning the war in Ukraine and rejecting a UN resolution to exclude Russia from the UN Human Rights Council. It also announced its intentions to develop joint economic and military relations with Russia. Secondly, at a time when Algeria was trying to protect its regional ambitions that embarked when President Abdelmadjid Tebboune came to power. It is also trying to be flexible and move away from strategic involvement with Moscow and reduce Western suspicion of the conservative Algerian position by strengthening its economic role with European Union countries, especially in the field of energy in which the European countries are extremely in need. Lastly, On this basis, this study evaluates the Algerian perception of the RussianUkrainian war by monitoring reports of power and sources of confusion in Algeria’s external behavior, and asks about the extent of the Algerian state’s ability to bear the strategic cost of the policy of «neutrality and non-alignment» towards the great powers, which drew the outlines of Algeria’s diplomacy and how does it work will be the theme of the presentation paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since the beginning of the Russian-Ukrainian war, the Israeli approach seemed ambiguous, uncertain, and oscillating between its strategic alliance with the United States and the West, and its regional interests with Russia, foremost understandings that guarantee Israeli freedom of movement on the Syrian front and keeping away the Iranian threat. Hence Israel adopted the policy of "walking between the points". This paper examines the Israeli approach to the war with a main question: To what extent did the Russian-Ukrainian war affect the role of the Zionist entity in the region, and what are the possible repercussions of this war on Israel, especially in light of the Russian-IranianChinese rapprochement? [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper details the unforeseen changes that are occurring within the Zionist entity, which are expressed by the nature of the new government coalition due to the inconclusive success that it achieved in the 2022 elections: the first change is the loss of the right-wing that calls for bestowing the Israeli citizenship upon the Palestinian nationals and subjecting them to the apartheid regime, in the interest of other right-wing victory that calls for the killing, extermination, and deportation of Palestinians. The second change is the blatant return to the racist tendencies that characterized Zionism entity since its inauguration through adopting further practices that showcase its Nazism against the Palestinians, including the acceleration of religioning the state and the creation of a fascist regime opposed to the judiciary, women's rights, media, secular education and the left. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The miserable failure of the enforced strategy for moving from the former economic regime towards market economy through applying the flawed neoliberal economic policies during the period (2003-2023), necessitates radical change of public investment criteria for utilizing public ownership of oil wealth in order to ensure optimal economic production, and to finance public investment projects necessary to achieve the targeted growth of production sectors and improving the deteriorated public services. The paper aims to identify the conditions required for optimal production and assess the real economic cost of utilizing oil wealth, as well as regulate the foreign exchange rate's accordingly, through a proposed model of dual central economic planning and competitive market mechanism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper attempts to settle an old debate which has not yet been resolved, between rational scientific culture based on logic and an objective process that is relatively selfless on the one hand, and a faith-oriented religious culture on the other hand, and how both views impact historiography as a methodological science. Accordingly, history throughout the Islamic era has remained a fixed and traditional process, which adopts the approaches and methods of early predecessors and scholars in term of evaluating and critiquing narratives to verify the authenticity of prophetic hadiths, in the context of broader and more general contexts, which believed that history in itself is a product of a divine creation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]