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This paper seeks tofathom the usefulness of the titles of estates in studying the social and economic conditions of Palestinian peasants in Mount Nablus in the period between 1864 to 1900. The paper relies primarily on an important set of primary sources, that is, the titles of estate and inheritance contained in the files of the Nablus Shar‘i Court. This set of primary sources is special in that it offers rich and valuable information about the subject of this paper that no other historical source provides us with. In a nutshell, those titles provide us with much data on the size of families, polygyny, dowries, personal names and their significance, house furniture, clothes, house tools and utensils, monies, debts, agricultural crops and their kinds and prices, agricultural tools, livestock and its kinds and prices, as well as the different weights and scales used in the period under study. The paper includes various themes, such as the family size, the property size (monies, real estate, livestock, furniture, debts, monies, as well as weights and scales). The paper will show that minor children of the deceased tended to outnumber adult children, and that male children – minors and adults – usually outnumbered girls. It shows also shows that polygyny was not widely prevalent among peasants, and that livestock featured first in the estates of the deceased followed by agricultural crops. The paper follows a historical methodology as well as analysis of the data collected and which will be put together in tables. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research examines one of the indices of the methodical imbalance that prevails in modern intellectual research- the appearance of “inadvertent cultural import”. This “cultural import” aims to bring in cultural products from other civilizations, not because there is a need to acquire them, rather, because these products have achieved success in a different cultural context. There was a need to import these products under the pretext of that success, even if they are not needed, and their existence would increase the problems. This paper examines the attempt to employ the approach of the Dutch philosopher Baruch Spinoza in the Islamic context, as one of the most prominent examples of inadvertent cultural import. Spinoza has become a primary reference for some of the so-called Arab modernists in the philosophical approaches to religious topics in general, and the relationship between religion and politics in particular. This is attributed to Spinoza’s spiritual patriarchy of the idea of separating religion from the state, and that he was the first to create an integrated philosophical theorem to the idea of separating religion from politics. In this paper, Spinoza’s approach to the religious issue is analyzed, in addition to assessing his approach in a critical manner. Moreover, Spinoza’s approach in the Islamic context is applied, both the religious text itself and secondary approaches, specifically the approach of religion and the state. The paper is divided in five section: 1. Spinoza’s view of religion, 2. Spinoza’s characteristics of the religious text, 3. Spinoza’s rules for interpreting religious texts, 4. Criticism of applying Spinoza’s rules in interpretation, and 5. Criticism of applying Spinoza’s method in the Islamic context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Both of the poetic necessity and the syntactic expansion are two features of the pure Arabic language as the show they Arabic flexibility and its linguistic wideness. They also ensure the continuum of the Arabic and its validity through art, common use and communication. The present paper is based on the issue of mixing up the definition between the aforementioned features, since mix up mix-up has created definition confusion and overlapping aspects. As a consequence, a large number of linguists have rejected some perspectives of the syntactic expansion claiming that they are only necessities used particularly in poetry. The paper has truly sought to differentiate between the two definitions and then consider some issues pertaining to the necessities. These necessities are related to the syntactic expansion which are allowed linguistically in the language wideness by using in description and analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to investigate the impact of directing Qur’anic readings in Surat Al-Munafiqeen in building the objective unity of the surah. This study was based on the following methods: induction, description and analysis. This is to demonstrate the relationship of aspects of the Quranic readings in the Holy Surah, with the unity of the objective Surah. This study consists of a preface, two papers and a conclusion. Some demands were branched out under each topic. The first topic studied: The impact of directing the recurring Qur’anic readings in Surat Al-Munafiqeen on building the objective unit of the surah, while the second topic studied: The impact of directing anomalous Qur’an readings in Surat Al-Munafiqeen in building the objective unity of the surah. The study showed that Surat Al-Munafiqeen has an objective unity that combines its passages and links its themes, and that directing Qur’anic readings has a great role in building the objective unity of the Holy Surah, which proves the consistency of aspects of the Qur’anic readings with the main axis of the surah, and reveals the impact of directing Qur’anic readings in the breadth Interpretive semantics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper included the issues of compensation for damage caused due to the termination of the agency by one of the parties to the contract in jurisprudence and law. The issues of the study was determined in clarifying the exceptional cases necessary in the agency contract and the termination of the agency contract if it resulted in damage and the impact of that on compensation.The researcher has mentioned what was adopted by the Kuwaiti civil law Moreover, the study used the analytical, comparative and deductive method in addressing the issues of the study and reached results, the most important of which are:1-That the agency contract is necessary if it has a right to another person, and the Kuwaiti civil law has taken that the agency is necessary if the right of the agent or a third party is attached to it without the principal, then the agency is terminated with compensation for the damage. 2-The agency contract, if its termination would cause harm to one of the contracting parties, compensation for this damage is required, and this is what the Kuwaiti Civil has adopted.3- Furthermore, the agency contract that was concluded in the capacity of leasing is governed by the rule of the lease contract. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A debate took place in modern age between naturalists and idealists with regard this question: is the world a machine governed by blind physical laws or is it governed by spiritual forces? This debate expanded to include morality and free will: is morality relative or absolute? Does man have free will or is he a mere gear in a machine? This paper aims to reveal Walter Stace’s attempet to reconcile between the above mentioned points of views through answering these questions: how can the eternal order (religion) intersect the natural order (science)? Is it possible to reconcile the relativity of morality and its absolutism? Is it possible to reconcile determinism and free will? In answering these questions, the researcher followed an analytic comparative method. In answering these questions, we came to the following conclusions: First, the possibility of meeting or intersecting the eternal order (religion) and the natural order (science). Second, the term “experience” does not refer only to sensory experience, but also to metaphysical propositions and religious experience. Third, morality is absolute and relative at the same time. Fourth, man has free will and there is no contradiction between freedom and determinism. Fifth, the reason why there are quarrels and disagreements among philosophers on various philosophical subjects is due in large part to the ambiguity and equivocation of words. Sixth, Stace looked at mysticism as a fact, and he tried to make it a way of knowledge and of saving mankind from evils. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research is concerned with studying the phenomenon of the limitation of the methods of verbal connotations among Al mutakallimun- team of scholars of uṣul al-fiqh (Principles of Islamic jurisprudence)- down to the approach of Fakhr al-Din al-Razi. In this paper, the researcher has followed the inductive or the semi-structured approach to the madhahib (ways of act) of uṣul al-fiqh scholars, while relying on the analytical deductive approach to thoroughlyexamine the views of uṣul al-fiqh scholars in order to reveal the facts implied within these views. The aim of this study is to highlight this phenomenon and to identify the orientations of its figures by focusing on the criteria adopted in determining the proposed approaches to semantics as used by uṣul al-fiqh scholars, in an attempt to interpret this phenomenon anddefine its stages and effects within the area conflict and weighting. The study has found that Al-Ghazali was the first to present a comprehensive specification of semantics from the perspective of uṣul al-fiqh, without any restricting criteria, while Al-Razi was one of the scholars who first provided limiting criteria for verbal semantics from the perspective of uṣul al-fiqh. Theresearcher has concluded that Al-Razi’s method, through the criteria that he proposed, may be attached to deep systematic problems that prevented from benefiting from it in the section of ‘moral conflict between the connotations of meanings,’ which weakened its legislative effect in mentally understanding the captured meanings when weighting between the conflicting evidence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to discuss one of the most significant issues that comes under the umbrella of the intellectual studies. This issue concerns with the genesis of the Arabic Grammar in the Middle Islamic Arabic culture. The researcher endeavors to diagnose all the aspects of the historical circumstances that formulate the Arabic Grammar through several questions the Islamic the decision of establishment the Arabic Grammar, in the Islamic Arabic culture, a purely cognitive or an ideological one? Did the aforementioned decision consider to some extant unprecedented triumph for the Bedouin Arabs in exchange for marginalization against the Urban Arabs language? What are the sources of sacredness or holiness of the Arabic Grammar ? To what extent may the critical approach be considered an infringement against the holiness of the Quranic text? In order to answer all these questions, the researcher chose to apply the critical historical approach as the genesis of Arabic Grammar as it is a historical issue in the first place that had been subjected during the course of history to series of studies in order to diagnose it. Therefore, the researcher in this research has to follow the critical approach to examine those studies and clarify their major shortcomings. As a result of the aforementioned approach, the researcher reached to some conclusions that the Arabic Grammar contributed to conveying the Arabic culture from the oral stage to the written one. Consequently, that led to reinforcement of the Language and culture of the Bedouin Arabs in exchange of marginalization of the culture and language of the Urban Arabs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]