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The Iraqi National Library and Archive continues its uniqueness in collecting, organizing and preserving Iraqi intellectual productions of all kinds, as it is the institution responsible for performing these tasks, because it includes the National Library first and the National Center for Preserving Documents second. The research aims to study the reality of the house with a focus on the shift towards digitization, as the house includes many sources of information of different types and for several periods and eras in the history of Iraq. Being the national institution responsible for depositing all kinds of Iraqi intellectual production, and it has entrusted the task of issuing the Iraqi national bibliography. Over the course of its establishment, the house was subjected to calamities that made it lose a large number of its assets, the last of which was the US occupation of Iraq in (2003 AD), where the major catastrophe occurred. After that, the management of the house sought to shift towards digital and turned to requesting the help of national governmental, non-governmental and international institutions in order to provide assistance and advice in order to preserve the assets of the house first and then providing the best services to the beneficiaries secondly, and since (2004 AD) the house started the procedures for transferring part of its documentaries and other sources of information on compact discs, and then made it available to the beneficiaries as well as making other types available on the website of Aldar, including its versions of periodicals. One of the results of the research is the weakness of the allocated financial capabilities, which led to the weakness of the structures Infrastructure that helps in the transition procedures towards digitization in advanced stages, he presented some legislation, and among the recommendations is the necessity of having an adequate budget to carry out the tasks of preserving Iraqi intellectual production as well as providing the best services to beneficiaries at the international and national levels. Legal Deposit Section in all forms and in various media. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research is based on the linguistic meaning of extremism, which is defined by the dimension and the end of the middle, which shows that in every hypothesis or theory, in each constant or variable in which the eyes and positions are divided into three main axes, two extremes and a moderate medium whose attributes are proven And the decision and moderation in thought and behavior, and by adopting the advantages in both parties , and the rejection of the negatives in them, and as the distance from the center increases attitudes and trends negative and turbulent; because they lost this distance to the medium until reaching the end of the parties On the other hand, the extremes in the negative attitudes increase or decrease according to the distance between them and the center . The division in this equation is threefold, but the negatives in the extreme left, and the corresponding ones by cons in the extreme right will be generated by the fourth - party outside of all of this equation; because it rejects all axes altogether, it is my view to the middle of the eye charge and inaction, and to the party yen opposite of the eye negatives and evil, and here lies the danger of this kind great harm, and this What the researcher will try to prove in his folds These papers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article aims to activate the role of university students in confronting extremist ideas through social media platforms. This manuscript is deemed as a contribution to the theoretical studies within the field of educational sciences. The paper includes the problem statement, the significance, the objectives, the definition of terms, and then the theoretical framework of social media networks. It explores the positive and the negative impacts of social media sites, shedding light on the concept of terrorism, the psychological reasons that cause terrorism, extremism, and the significant damage it causes across various aspects of societal life. The paper also addresses the educational reasons for extremism, leading to proposals and recommendations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current research aims to highlight the role of social networking sites in the dissemination of scientific knowledge and the importance of their use by researchers, and the researcher relied on the descriptive approach and the survey method. Among the data collection tools are the questionnaire and paper and electronic sources. Among the most important results that the research came out with: The number of the subscribers’ sites was (14) sites, and the most used social sites for receiving and Disseminating Scientific knowledge are: Facebook, Telegram, WhatsApp, Viber, Messenger and YouTube. All respondents receive tacit knowledge (Exchange of Messages and News) through social networking sites, and few of them do not receive explicit knowledge (Exchange of Electronic Information Sources). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sheikh Muhammad Jawad Mughniyah - may Allah have mercy on him - was not only a prominent figure in society, but also an eminent and knowledgeable scholar who produced and continues to produce extensive knowledge that is admired by leading scholars and intellectuals in the fields of thought, literature, and art, regardless of whether they are Muslim or non-Muslim. He closely observed their contributions and gained much from them, despite his rigorous scrutiny of their work. He was a prolific writer, with a clear and concise style, deep insights, and a meticulous approach. He was one of the few scholars who stood out in this era, enriching Islamic thought and spirituality, contributing to the intellectual and spiritual heritage, and studying the reality of his community, including its backwardness, injustice, and aggression. He discussed the reasons for these issues and, through their profound thinking and farsighted vision, outlined the way forward. Therefore, I decided to write this research paper, highlighting the most important persuasive techniques in his famous book "Al-Kashaf". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The research aims to highlight the competition that took place in the Hijaz on the Principality of Mecca during the seventeenth century AD. Some gentlemen include noble Sharif men Who are those who seek for ruling. Because of the importance of this position for what it contains of significant influence, powers and privileges. In addition to the favor that they get it from the Ottoman Sultans who gave the Hijaz a special importance due to its spiritual significance. The Ottoman Sultans exaggerated in their generosity towards noble Sharif men and honor them out of respect for their association with the Prophet Muhammad, in addition to their influence on the Hijazi society. The competition was clear since the beginning of the seventeenth century. Once someone takes over the Principality of Makkah Al-Mukarramah until others started their intrigues until they can remove and replace him. What encouraged them to do so is the Ottoman Empire was not interfering in the issue of the election of the princes of Mecca since that the task was entrusted to the noble Sharif men themselves. They were electing someone from among them then the state agrees to that person. And because of the competition was the state was too often put two or three noble men at the same time to take over the Principality of Mecca. Furthermore, it was the Ottoman government, especially in the second half from the aforementioned century, due to its long external wars, The Ottoman state did not devote itself to consider the matters of Hijaz, So It was not checking in too much about the person who holds the position of Sharif. So it took the competition, between those noble Sharif men for the emirate of Makkah, a sharp nature which this paper will work to clarify in the folds of research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper sheds light on the image of time in the poetry of the Egyptian Sheikh alHakim Shams al-Din Muhammad ibn Daniyal ibn Yusuf ibn Ma’touq al-Khuza’i al-Mawsili (647-710 AH / 1249-1311 AD), by employing a structural and formative methodology with the concepts of critic Lucien Goldman (1913-970) developed On the sociological orientations of his Hungarian teacher, George Lukács (1885-1971), the aim of the paper is to explore the effect of intertextuality in enabling Ibn Daniyal to create meanings for his poems that expressed horizons of a common vision for him with the society to which he belonged, and highlighted specific features of Mamluk society - in its sub-middle and non-existent class. Such as: her realistic awareness of her low social and economic conditions and their causes, her satirical criticism of political practices that ignored her conditions, her sense of humor through which she vented her suppressed opinion, her Sufi religiosity, which represented her refuge from her bitter reality. Who represented her sanctuary from her bitter reality. The conclusion reached by the research is that the "minor structures" that constituted the main component in Ibn Daniyal's poems accurately reveal a larger "functional structure", whose fabric is harmonious in its threads spinning horizontally with a lived reality under which a "world vision" is formed for the Ibn Daniyal community to which he belongs and vertically. With the influence of religious texts and previous literary productions on the productions of our poet, Ibn Daniyal absorbed them and digested them artistically until they became an original component of the themes of his poetry. the mental structures of the Mamluk community to which he belongs; And the inclusive structures intertwined with the ideas of his predecessor influenced by Ibn Daniyal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this research paper, our aim was to explore the manifestations of the passion of strife and their application to " the complete fictional works of the writer Dhikra Lu'aybi". We sought to identify the lexical and semantic manifestations that emerged within the narrative texts by delving into the psychological and physical levels of the addressed characters. By examining their psychological, emotional, and sensory states through distinct semantic and lexical manifestations, we aimed to uncover the manifestations of both the ideological and semantic dimensions of the characters. Semiotics of inclinations played a crucial role in unraveling the prominent logical interpretations shaping the text. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The event constitutes an important side of the narrative text, playing thus a decisive role in determining its type. the narrative achievements of Waheed Ghanim, including three novels which are: Ancient Ceremonies, The Beautiful Escaping to his fate, and The princess in the Voyage of the Birds Mind, is full of events of different meanings and various connotations. The paper aims to reveal one side of the narrative structure that has its share in giving an insight into the nature of the event in this work. the paper, therefore, deals with a brief survey of the event, its exposition, and its denouement, showing the importance of relations and their role in revealing the nature of the events and patterns according to which the novelist builds the events of his novels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents the different points of view of the classical school, the Keynesian school, and the monetary school regarding the velocity of money circulation. It aims to investigate the determinants of money velocity in Iraq for the period from 2005:1- to 2020:4, using the autoregressive distributed lag approach (ARDL Model). The results indicate the existence of a long-term equilibrium relationship between the velocity of money circulation and its determinants. When estimating the parameters, it is found that the GDP growth rate has a positive effect on the velocity of money circulation, and it is the only variable that demonstrates statistical significance. Diagnostic tests were conducted, confirming that the model is free from the problems of serial correlation and heteroscedasticity in the error term, as well as demonstrating the stability of the parameters in the long term relationship between the velocity of money circulation and its explanatory variables. Based on these results, the researcher suggests that it is preferable to use the growth rate of the money supply, rather than interest rates as an indicator for measuring the impact of monetary policy on economic activity in Iraq. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present paper, entitled ( The Placed Time in Hizebr Mahmoud's Poetry ) attempts to find out the overlapping between the elements of time and place in the poetic texts, as two essential elements that are indispensable in each literary work. Hence, the study tackles the poetic texts that involve the placed time, i.e. the time which is overwhelmed and landed by the place. Then, the study explained and analyzed each text conspicuously, so that it becomes obvious to the reader how time becomes a place, utilizing the metaphor that is capable to make the different textual elements ( time, place and characters ) mutual in their roles in an exciting literary way that influences the reader, interested him, and get his attention . The present paper, entitled ( The Placed Time in Hizebr Mahmoud's Poetry ) attempts to find out the overlapping between the elements of time and place in the poetic texts, as two essential elements that are indispensable in each literary work. Hence, the study tackles the poetic texts that involve the placed time, i.e. the time which is overwhelmed and landed by the place. Then, the study explained and analyzed each text conspicuously, so that it becomes obvious to the reader how time becomes a place, utilizing the metaphor that is capable to make the different textual elements ( time, place and characters ) mutual in their roles in an exciting literary way that influences the reader, interested him, and get his attention . The relationship between time and place is an existential one. It is not possible to imagine a life without them combined, as they are the two correlative elements of existence, and one cannot be separated from the other. This research aims to monitor temporal terms whose significance has expanded to characterize the attributes of a place. So the texts could make what is (( history ))a place on one hand and could make the word (( yesterday )) as a place on the other hand. Moreover, it could derive ((the era )) as a place too, and the rest of the times that became places including events and characters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the exception of Ḥāzim al-Qarṭājanni, no scholar was able to interpret the form of the Arabic poetic verse (al-Bait) which consists of two symmetrical parts (al-Ṣadr wal-‘Ajuz). Based on the Aristotle’s idea of imitation, Al-Qarṭājanni explained al-Bait as an imitating mental image of the Arab tent. Though this is brilliant, it is still an inadequate interpretation. This paper attempts to introduce a new explanation by combining the phenomenological method with Neuroaesthetics via adapting some of its results to focus on the creative process itself. The paper, through theoretical and applied analyzes, reached a main conclusion that the form of Arabic verse is an allegorical image of the poetic consciousness which produced it, and an outcome of its metaphorical thinking represented by the interrelating of the function of the left hemisphere of the brain (thinking) and the function of the right hemisphere (imagination), which correspond to alṢadr wal-‘Ajuz respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper deals with the role of linguistic marks (lexical and grammatical) to determine the sex of the view of some of the words which sits neighbors on the lips of masculine and feminine, which is located after (she) and (said) and (says) assigned to the evocative again and feminine in the Koran. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Modern technologies are the cornerstone of many applications circulating nowadays, in particular the study of satellite data and ground cover, consisting of topographic or threedimensional analysis of the surface of Misan Governorate 2022. The digital representation (DEM digital elevation model) gives a significant role in preparing the basic and required information that is used in GIS data, accordingly the topographic mapping of a series of cells and each cell has a known height through which topographic variations of the areas of study can be calculated. The research relied on the method of temporal-spatial analysis, remote sensing software, and geographic information systems. The paper concluded a number of results, including the extraction of contour lines for Misan Governorate in 2D dimensions, as well as the extraction of the digital elevation model in the form of 3D of the topographic surface of the area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper aims at studying the most widespread social networks among people and the extent to which it can be used to inform the beneficiaries of the existence of services that can be used in providing office service including the current awareness service at the Central Public Library in Basra. This paper also tries to find out which of these applications are used in the library and how to interact with the beneficiary as well as the user of these applications with mentioning the most important types of these applications. The study also aims at finding out the advantages and disadvantages of these applications and the role they play in library services. This paper adopted a descriptive approach, a case study, trying to collect the necessary data via the interview and questionnaire tools, analyzing these data and arriving at the most important findings and recommendations [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, polymeric compounds were prepared from unsaturated polyester as a base material with sisal fibres with different weight percentages (1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%) as a reinforcing material. After comparing the unsaturated polyester before and after reinforcement of the prepared compounds, it was found that there is an increase in the values of mechanical properties (Hardness strength, Compressive strength, Tensile strength, Impact strength) when reinforced by weight (4%) at room temperature; however, when treated at temperatures (8.55) ℃, it was found that the hardness, compressive and tensile strength decrease when heat treatment is at (8.55) ° C, the impact strength increases at higher temperatures and decreases at lower temperatures. It was also found that the thermal conductivity decreased at all temperatures (8.55)℃, which indicates that the polymeric composites consisting of unsaturated polyester resin reinforced with Nylon 66 are good heat insulators. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the manifestations of narrative hegemony in two novels by the Iraqi writer Falah Rahim, namely: (Hedgehogs on a Hot Day) and (The Sound of Drums from afar), through the implicit author and his relationship to ideology, the fictional character and its relationship to identity . The term hegemony is one of the central terms in studies of critical discourse analysis, especially in the theoretical approach enacted by the English academic Norman Faircliffe, which is the adopted approach in this research. Therefore, it was worth starting with a brief definition of this theoretical trend, followed by the discussion of the implicit author, and then discussing his relationship with hegemony and ideology in the novel (The Hedgehogs on a Hot Day), and then moving on to discuss the relationship of personality with dominance and identity in the novel (The Sound of the Drums from Far). The analysis in this research is based on interpretation and interpretation, and linking the text with the social context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present paper sheds light on the civilizational role of the Arabs especially the Sabaean Arabs in Abyssinia (Ethiopia) in which the importance of the geographical location of Ethiopia, the natural features and other factors were the main reason for the migration of some of Sabaean Arabs who settled and integrated with the original inhabitants. They made an ancient civilization that left its clear imprint on both peoples and history. The importance of this topic lies in its contribution to solve the problems that led to a controversy between historians and those who were concerned with the multiple lineages of the Sabaeans in the Torah, especially some of them who came from the sons of Kush, while the Sabaeans, as we know, came from Arabic origin. The current paper deals with several important topics, including the importance of the location of Ethiopia, the historical roots of the civilizational relations between Ethiopia and the Sabaeans, the Sabaeans' settlement in Ethiopia, and then the results of these ancient relations between the two parties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Language is the mirror of society, it reflects all its manifestations, from a civilization and paper, or backwardness and delay, it is clos ely related to all aspects of society. Therefore, language has received the attention of linguists, sociologists and anthropologists from the angle that it is a social phenomenon. Thus it has a science that examines linguistic issues and relations with society. This science is known as sociolinguistics. It studies the language in its relations with society, the social significance of all aspects of the structure of the language, and the methods of its use that are related to its social and cultural functions. In this paper I would like to treat some of Epistemological problematics in sociolinguistics concerning the sociological, and the sociolinguistic perspectives of social varieties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research aims at studying Verbal Signifiers of some Prophetic words and expressions that were mentioned in the book al-adāb waatharuha fi al-tawjeeh al-akhlāqi, because the traditions (hadith) or have a good impact on the education and rehabilitating of selves, and correction of ethics. The good ethics are including choosing virtues and doing away with vices. Moreover, good ethics are of the traits of the prophets (May Allah send prayers and peace upon them) and saints(May Allah be pleased with them). This research paper is divided into two sections: section one concerning ordinary people-related expressions, which including taking care of parents, boosting relations with next of kin. The second section appertain to taking care of orphans, and helping the widows, the needy plus clarifying the duties towards neighbours. This research paper comes to the conclusion that righteous ethics are essential for survival of nations, and ethical degradation leads to fast-disappearing of nations. So, Muslims should adhere to the prophet's instructions which were mentioned in hadith in order to promote the nation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Language is the mirror of society, it reflects all its manifestations, from a civilization and paper, or backwardness and delay, it is closely related to all aspects of society. Therefore, language has received the attention of linguists, sociologists and anthropologists from the angle that it is a social phenomenon. Thus it has a science that examines linguistic issues and relations with society. This science is known as sociolinguistics. It studies the language in its relations with society, the social significance of all aspects of the structure of the language, and the methods of its use that are related to its social and cultural functions. In this paper I would like to treat some of Epistemological problematics in sociolinguistics concerning the sociological, and the sociolinguistic perspectives of social varieties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The poem "Song of the Rain" by Al Sayyab is regarded a fine example of modern poetry in Arabic literature. There are a number of researches on the literary sources of the poem, but they do not seem to be adequate or particularly convincing. This research paper is a humble attempt to open a new path towards discovering the literary sources of Al Sayyab's poem. After shedding light on the literary features in the poem and comparing it with some of the poems of P. B. Shelley, we show that Al-Sayyab has been influenced by Shelley in many of his poems. In most studies dealing with the life and poems of Al-Sayyab, he is thought to be inspired by T.S. Eliot in this poem. However, according to the assertion of many researchers, there is little, if any, accord between the poetic images and the contents of al-Sayyab and Eliot. The poetic method employed by Al-Sayyab is not been probed well; this paper, thus, tries to shed light on this gap. This is especially important for a number of reasons. This poem is considered as influential on many contemporary Arab poets, as they considered it as the best example of modern tendencies in Arabic poetry. The poem partakes of ambiguity and complexity as hallmarks of poetic modernity. Inquiring into the poem's sources of inspiration could shed light on such ambiguities. Adopting the French method for comparative studies, we show that the influence of the English poet on the Iraqi poet in writing "Song of the Rain" can be verified though Al Sayyab manages to create his own unique poetic world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines a statement from the Quranic verses in which the conjunction letter (Then) and its aesthetic secrets are mentioned. The paper is classified into three sections. The first section discussed the connotations of (then) and their meanings in Quranic verses, while the second section discussed the true meaning of the conjunction letter (then), which is laxity, and what was distinguished by this meaning as well as this signification through context. This indication is through context, so the title of the study was laxity between truth and metaphor. As for the third section, it has dealt with the allegorical connotations of (then) including the metaphor in exclusion and in arrangement and laxity as well. The researcher has taken the Quran text as a field for this application without any other text in order to be safe from plagiarism and error and to subject these semantic concepts and harness them to serve the Quran. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present research paper aims to study and shed light on the spatial change of vegetation coverage in the Algerian steppe region. The investigation is based on remote sensing and geographic information systems through the analysis of satellite visuals in calculating the vegetation coverage index (Ndvi) for three different periods 1985 and 2022, with consideration to remote sensing and information systems. Geography is among the most important digital means that work to collect, analyze and study the geographical field in all its dimensions, and it also works to follow up on the changes taking place in it. The latter shows the most important changes in the vegetation cover in the study area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Speech is an important means of communication with humans, individuals and groups, in addition to its importance in shaping the mental environment and mental formation of the human being, guiding individuals and changing the reality of societies from one case to another. From this point of view, the discourse was characterized as moving and changing with specific goals and objectives. As for the concept of religious discourse, it refers to the understanding of religion in the light of the data of the age, stipulating the existence of a person who is reconciled and aware of his time, who participates in it efficiently and who relies on a religious authority in addressing it, its rulings and its statements. This paper deals with the problem of reading religious texts (Islamic as a model), a new reading that keeps pace with developments in light of religious and sectarian pluralism, a reading that is a reason to move the receiver’s horizon, and legislate the horizon of interpretation, and aims to achieve peaceful coexistence between different individuals with different religious and sectarian orientations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The subject of the study is the hypocrisy and its reasons and the ways to prohibit it. The author aims in this study to verify the definition of hypocrisy and the linguistic derivation of the hypocrisy Word also verify the idiomatic meaning of it. In this paper, the concept of hypocrisy has been searched and its prosperities which mentioned by Qur'an and its reasons and the ways to prevent it. The author confirm that the new material in this study was the verification of the reasons which lead to the hypocrisy and explaining the methods that can prevent the hypocrisy. also the way of dealing with the hypocrisy according the Qur'an's concept. As a result, the author shows that there is a misdemeanant reasons and actional reasons. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A This paper talks about the family of Abi Waqas who were a unique leaders as well as princes during the militarim participations which had distinguishing effect . Added to these, they played an important role to expansion the Islam and fixed their props in those battles . They were fighters as well as leaders . We will talk about these roles in this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper has initiated a study that aims to analyse the metaphorical expressions uttered by Iraqi males towards females‟ metaphors to understand their conceptual meanings. The theoretical assumptions are derived from the Conceptual Metaphor Theory developed by Lakoff and Johnson‟s (2003). To this end, the data were collected at University of Basra about women‟s metaphor in the Iraqi society through a questionnaire. The questionnaire comprised 12 items in Arabic to capture data in metaphorical expressions about women used by men. The questionnaire was prepared and distributed to students in different colleges and schools in Basra. 425 students in Basra Universities filled the questionnaire. The answers revealed that the metaphors students use are influenced by their way of life, their personal characteristics, their educational background and their feelings towards women in society. The findings of the study recommend that the ideological importance of a metaphor (i.e. the mappings between its source and target domains and its specific lexical encoding) can be better evaluated when investigated comparable to integral or neighbouring domain of experience. Finally, this paper showed the need to consider the contextualisation of metaphor in giving an account of their linguistic, social and cultural imports. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research paper focuses on clarifying the changing identity, and the influences that may push the individual to change his identity, refusing, leaving or forced to abandon the ideas, beliefs and affiliations that he embraced before the change in his identity, through the narrative output of the Iraqi writer (Duna Ghali) represented by According to the following narrations: (The furthest point, when the smell awakens, the homes of the beast, its shelter stomach). The research takes its course towards defining identity in a brief manner, and how it is closely related to the individual, as it is a guide to self-awareness, as well as an indication of the changing identity and the factors that push it towards change, especially since the identity is of an unstable gel form, so the research moves after that to the applied aspect of reading and analyzing texts Narrative selected from the novels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper aims at studying the importance of the poetic witness and its scientific and artistic status in various studies within various fields of knowledge, and its adoption by scholars of interpretation, speakers, linguists, grammarians, rhetoricians and critics. Their studies were filled with a lot of poetic evidence, which they adopted in their studies according to certain regulations; their purpose is to consolidate the rules of the sciences that they studied. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The persuasive speech is regarded as a part of Al-Hhijjaj . Al-Hijjaj is associated with persuation as the association of the text with its function . we found in Ibn Abd Rabba poetry many persuasive styles especially in flirtation poetry . the poet used many rhetorical styles which he uses to convince the addressees in his flirtation . In this paper the terms persuation and flirtation have been defined linguishcally and as terminology the paper also showed the terms relevant to flirtation such as ( Al-Tashbeeb and Al-Naseeb ). It also clarified the types of addressees in Ibn Abid Rabba like Al-Mahbooba ( the beloved ), these who blamed him his love ( Al-Uthaal ), and companions . each of them has special methods in persuasive speech according to the poet desire . And we came out that the most interest of Ibn Abed Rabuh was to persuade the beloved and humiliating her to gain her affection with various persuasive methods, and he did not mention mentioning the idol, the lords, and the companions except in a few of them, making use of different persuasive methods from the use of the selected words for his purpose, the various rhetorical arts, expressive images, and poetic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research paper is devoted to create the term of ‘Creeping of Al-Khabab’ for describing one of the prosodic changes that come on the rhythm of Al-Mutadarak’s metre, as a term and concept. As the previous and contemporary views of those who interested in prosody did not provide an accurate view of its description, free from the anomaly of the prosodic rules that described by Al-Khalil bin Ahmad Al-Farahidi in regulating the work of creeping in the measures of the Arabic poetry meters, Therefore, this research paper provides a new dissertation for removing the ambiguity and anomaly described by the rhythm of this poetic meter. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper has tackled an art of poetizing of Persians which is called "Al Musamat" as one of arts quoted from Arabs. The importance of this paper represented by the Persian arts of poetizing that resulted from the impact of the Arabic poem on the Persians. The study mentioned the meaning of "Al Musamat" as a language and idiom, in which it was known by Arabs as art of Poem. Thereafter, the study explained the types of "the Persian Al Musamat" where there are three types, then the study mentioned the most famous of "Al Musamat", namely; Munochehry Al Damghani, Prince Muaazi, Sanaye Al Ghaznwey. However, Munochehry considered one of the poets of the fifth century (A.H), he was the first poet who used this type of poetizing in the Persian poem. Furthermore, his poem characterized by the clarity of impact of Arabic poem, in that, it shows its effect on the Persian poem. Finally, the study concluded the most important conclusions, and resources and references used for this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is an attempt to analyze and measure the demand function for real money in Iraq according to a multivariate time series framework, using Cointegration tests by Johansen’s Approach and the Error Correction Vector Model (VECM), assuming the interdependence between the determinants of money demand as nonstationary variables. This helped to understand the behavior of the demand for money in Iraq for the period (2004-2020), and to reveal the moral effect among the variables included in the system of the Autoregressive Vector(VAR). The estimation of the function of demand in the long run indicates the low speed of adjustment in getting rid of the imbalance. The Empirical results of the research indicated that the exchange rate, government spending and the general level of prices explain most of the changes in the demand for money in the long run. In the short term, only the exchange rate had a significant effect on the function of demand for money in Iraq, but the rest of the other variables failed to explain the behavior of this function during the short period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the twentieth century, the world witnessed a significant increase in the number of widowed women as a result of several factors (political, economic and security). These factors played a role in the variation of the number of widows in all cities of the world, including Iraqi cities. This paper deals with a study of the real situation of widows in the city of Shatt al-Arab for the year 2020 in order to identify and study this phenomenon from a demographic housing point of view in the city. The researcher depended on researches, studies and library sources, as well as a field survey. Questionnaire was also conducted by organizing (541) forms distributed to residential neighborhoods in the city of (100%) of the total widows in the city. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present paper aims at identifying the demographic, economic, and social characteristics of the poor population in Basra city. The descriptive and analytical method has been used. The questionnaire was adopted as a tool to collect information and data from a random sample of the poor population in Basra city. The data included (4400) forms, distributed to all The 56 residential neighborhoods in the city during the year 2019. The research resulted in a number of findings, the most notable of which revealed that Al-Hussein / Al- Murabba neighborhood has the highest levels of poverty, followed by the midwives / military secretariats, and finally Al-Qaim neighborhood, with the majority of the poor being married couples who rely on their families for a living. In addition, they are unable to support themselves due to a lack of financial resources. This prompted others to beg, as well as their poor housing status, which has an impact on their health and educational situations, as well as a slew of other issues that are mirrored in the city's social and security situation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper deals with the impact of the ethnic group of the Iraqi population on political stability after the change in the system of government in 2003 due to the importance of this structure in the power of the state. The study showed that Iraq includes a group of national and religious ethnicities, and that there is a peaceful coexistence between them. It fulfills all its aspirations, and these ethnicities have an extension with neighboring countries that contributed to external interference and posed a threat to political stability, which necessitates work to solve ethnic problems in Iraq through the formation of permanent committees in the House of Representatives and the political participation of all those ethnicities. The application of administrative decentralization, comprehensive and sustainable development Conducting an accurate population census, spreading the culture and arts of all components of the Iraqi people, and confronting the plans of Western countries and Salafi currents to consecrate the spirit of national, religious and sectarian division with the sole Iraqi discourse in a manner that guarantees the interest of Iraq and the Iraqi people with all its components. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper is an attempt to explain the importance of using computer programs in humanitarian disciplines, especially history, and to explain the possibility of converting historical narratives into data by using one of the great programs in data creation known as (Access). It also aims to provide models and applied examples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The importance of the role of vocational education stems from its being one of the foundations of human development. This paper aims at creating and providing what the labor market needs from trained manpower for industrial establishments in which industry is the basic factor for the economic structure which sets out and enhances the development processes in all sides of life. This study shows that the work force is affected by education, experiences, skills and the desire to work, as there is a relationship between the technical and administrative cadres in the Basra Oil Company and the outputs of vocational schools as they form an integrated unit to drive the rates of productive growth in this company. The outputs of vocational schools have the ability to assimilate ideas that are based on preparing manpower capable of using modern technology in oil facilities in the Basra Governorate, for the purpose of creating cadres capable of increasing productivity in the company in which these cadres have achieved high rates of production growth and productivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper focuses on the study of Kut Dam system and accompanying projects in regulating the water flow of the Tigris River in southern Iraq is included in the research, as 90 % of the water of the Tigris River revenue was changed into marshes and swamps. The Kut Dam was built for ensuring the flow of the Tigris River in accordance with irrigation requirements through the building of stream regulators branching from Kut Dam, Al-Amarah, and Qal'at Salih (Salih's castle) to manage the expenditures of the streams in times of flood and scarcity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study of temporal dimensions can be considered as one of the fields of geomedical research. This paper focuses on the temporal dimensions of people with respiratory diseases. This disease is the most widespread among the residents of the Basra Governorate. According to statistics from the Basra Governorate Health Department, the diseases under study, with the exception of lung cancer, adopt a similar pattern in their annual temporal behavior, whether in general trends or in changes from year to year, and this pattern is explained by factors that can be classified as direct and indirect factors. Based on the relevance of these elements in the impact, as well as some indices from which these factors can be deduced, such as population growth, disease incidence, and indoor air quality (IAQ). In terms of seasonal changes and disease trends throughout the year, there is a distinct seasonal tendency in patients with respiratory sensitivity and bronchial asthma, with injuries beginning in the autumn season, continuing into the winter, and decreasing in the summer season. The monthly distribution of tuberculosis shows a seasonal trend that increases in the spring and summer and diminishes in the autumn. Because of the disease's complicated character and various causes, as well as a collection of local environmental elements that play a part in explaining the seasonal temporal patterns that do not follow a similar pattern, lung cancer does not have an unique seasonal trend in which it occurs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In My research paper I explain the relationship between Logic and Language in Al-Allamah al-Ḥillī's believes, so the research divided as follow: First of all, the Introduction of the research, that it focuses on the important of the Subject and reason of choosing the subject and the details of the research. The first topic of the research, explain the definition of the Logic in language and Meaning from the different points of Logicians. The second topic of research, it focuses on the emergence of the Logic, and the results show that the Logic is found before Aristotle. In the third topic of research it focuses on the definition of the linguistics in the language and meaning. The fourth topic deals with some of the essential ideologies that mentioned about the essential the language. The fifth topic it concerns to the function of the language. The sixth topic it concerns on the relationship between Logic and language, the differences and the power of concern between them. At the end the research concerns with the results that the researcher found them in his investigation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper entitled Erbil a pit stop on james Buckingham journey to Iraq 1816 analytical study we she'd light on Erbil in the eyes of James Buckingham a foreign traveller whom Erbil was an important pit stop in their journey eastwards and into Iraq in particular due to its important geographical site over main and side roads whether terrial or marine as well as its historical monuments that attract voyagers, attention like it's castle,demographic and social structure that amuse travellers This trip contained many details about Erbil, despite the short period of the travelers' presence in the city. Or he was influenced by the evident evidence that attracted his eyes, so he excelled in describing them as describing the castle and the markets. Thus, the traveler in Buckingham left us valuable, focused information, especially as he undertook his trip to Iraq out of adventure and reconnaissance, according to the circumstances and data that surrounded him, which will be clarified in the course of the research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Other One in the Iraqi Novel " Lalish's Daughters" as an Example This paper tries to investigate the Iraqi novel after the American invasion and ISIS occupation to the Northern Iraq, to portray the Yazidi ego: its struggle and the loss of identity against the other one represented by ISIS (Daesh). The relationship between the ego and the other one in this study is not of that type of binaries such as heritage and modernism, east and west . The novel tells us the pains of the Yazidi ego. It is a witness narrating that period of occupation. The struggle in this novel is not balanced against the question " who am I?" because the other one doesn’t recognize the Yazidi ego. Moreover, the Yazidi ego speech is closed to the Yazidi community and isolated from its surroundings represented by other communities. The novel under investigation represents a good example of Iraqi novel . It is a source of inspiration, a blog to record events and situations that the Yazidi community has undergone. Moreover, it is a portrayal of the Yazidi ideology. It also describes the brutality of the other one against the Yazidi community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In My research paper I explain the relationship between Logic and Language in Al-Allamah al-Ḥillī's believes, so the research divided as follow: First of all, the Introduction of the research, that it focuses on the important of the Subject and reason of choosing the subject and the details of the research. The first topic of the research, explain the definition of the Logic in language and Meaning from the different points of Logicians. The second topic of research, it focuses on the emergence of the Logic, and the results show that the Logic is found before Aristotle. In the third topic of research it focuses on the definition of the linguistics in the language and meaning. The fourth topic deals with some of the essential ideologies that mentioned about the essential the language. The fifth topic it concerns to the function of the language. The sixth topic it concerns on the relationship between Logic and language, the differences and the power of concern between them. At the end the research concerns with the results that the researcher found them in his investigation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since its leader Abu Bakr Al-Baghdadi established the caliphate in July 2014 in response to the persecution of Yazidi women and girls, members of the terrorist group ISIS have perpetrated crimes and offenses against humanity. This paper aims at explaining "the persecution of minority women in Iraq after 2014 AD as a case study" the tolerance of Islam and the misunderstanding of legal texts by the leaders and members of the terrorist organization ISIS. It consists of an introduction, two demands, a conclusion, and then recommendations. The first criterion is a declaration of some acts of persecution perpetrated by ISIS members against Yazidi women. The second need is a statement of the valid vision of Yazidi women and girls persecution followed by the study findings and recommendations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper deals with the question of the reception the open interpretation in Arabic novelist samples of Novel of Character, contemplating and at an image of reception by methodology of perceptions and interpretations with references of phenomenology, semiotics and sociology. The reception based to reader culture, and his intellectual reference and intelligence. Aesthetic text to be clear by its choose and description and its textual and semantic features are determined by its historical, cognitive and social links at the Arabic novelist sample of Novel of Character. The paper organized in four axes: It deals reception which is a participation between the writer and the receiver in structure of the novelist imaginary,. An application on the Arabic Novelist samples that was step in the application studying for an activation approaches to read and criticism on Arabic novel. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

After the expansion of Islam in the Arabian Peninsula, there was a great deal of mixing of Arabs with non-Arabs who wanted to convert to Islam and learn its Arabic language, which led to the expansion of the Islamic environment and the spread of the phenomenon of melody. Distortion, and they were not only confined to the matter, but went beyond the matter to explain these provisions, and the rules in order to establish them in the minds of the learners, or to support an opinion they adopted, or to explain a phenomenon they saw. For this reason, the grammarians resorted to adhering to most of the rulings with causes that explain their causes, as is the case for most grammarians who adopted the faults in their writings and paid clear attention to them. Al-Ajromiya) to highlight a part of the efforts of Sheikh Ismail Al-Hamdi (may God have mercy on him) in this field, who took from his entourage to Al-Kafrawi as a model, and he completed two papers after an introduction in which we dealt with the life of Sheikh Ismail Al- Hamidi, and made the first topic to explain the concept of grammatical reasoning, and what was written about that It was authored, and the second topic deals with the efforts of Sheikh Ismail Al-Hamdi in this field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There are many modern linguistic studies for finding the correspondence between the Arabic studies efforts regarding the Arabic linguistic heritage in one hand and the modern linguistic theories on the other hand. The conclusion of these scientific researches was far from standard framework. Pragmatic Arabic studies tried to correspond between Arabic efforts and Pragmatic studies in different topics like pragmatic thinking or studies of specific person. Pragmatics concerns mostly on the practical usage of language in different context, so looking deeply to the Arabic studies in general aspects or in linguistic aspects, one can find some papers of good agreement with the modern linguistic theories even may have certain scientific privilege. Some fields like morphology or syntax and others have noticeable relation with pragmatics in spite of terminological differences, it can be seen clearly in certain religious studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study used the case study method in collecting data and determining evaluation criteria in order to know the strengths and weaknesses and trying to provide solutions to them. Central Library (study sample). The study reached a set of results, the most important of which are: 1) The weakness of the application of (RDA) rules in the central library at Al-Mustansiriya University, because it is limited to cataloging paper books only and in Arabic, Kurdish, English and French languages, with a number of (1776) out of the total number (231364). 2) The lack of availability of the number of specialized training courses according to the use of (RDA) rules, where the number of (13) training courses attended by catalogers in the (KOHA) system unit of the Division of Automated Systems in the Central Library at Al-Mustansiriya University. The study also came up with several recommendations, the most important of which are: 1) The necessity of activating the application of (RDA) rules in all sections of the central library (the study sample), to include cataloging all its collections of information sources, and making the search service available to the beneficiaries by providing them with the bibliographic records they need, given that these rules are applied to the (KOHA) system, which is Turn free and open source. 2) Expanding the work by increasing the number of academically qualified graduates of the Information and Libraries Department, and based on the rules of modern cataloging (RDA), to catalog and complete the largest number of the library collection, as it is constantly increasing due to exchanges, purchases and gifts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]