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The unity of geography, history, origin, religion, language, customs and traditions, culture, hopes, and common pains between the Arab brothers in Iraq and Libya had an impact on Iraqi solidarity with the Libyan people in their plight during their resistance to the Italian colonizer since the occupation on October 5th, 1911 - until the announcement Independence on December 24th, 1951 AD. These positions have emerged at the popular and official levels in regional and international organizations, which helped the Libyan people to obtain their freedom, the independence of their country and the unity of its national land. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Kashmiri crisis began 70 years ago, after the Indian occupation of the Muslim-majority region of Jammu and Kashmir. Since that time, and due to India's intransigence towards this conflict and its great hostility with Pakistan, three wars broke out between the two countries, which exacerbated the human tragedy in Kashmir. The crisis is considered a complex and thorny issue, given India's intransigence and refusal to implement the resolutions of the United Nations and international organizations in this regard. This report addresses the causes of the crisis, its humanitarian and political dimension, and the most prominent efforts to solve it. The report indicates that India abolished the special legal status of Jammu and Kashmir, declared it invalid, considered it a non-negotiable Indian state, and subjected it to federal rule, in addition to its refusal of any mediation to resolve the crisis. The report concludes that the only solution to the Kashmiri crisis is to respond to the will of the Kashmiri people to determine their destiny, either by separating from India to form an independent state for them, uniting with Pakistan, or choosing to remain with India (the right to self-determination). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background & Aims: The health system of each country includes organizations and individuals who are responsible for providing, promoting and maintaining the health of the community. Therefore, the health system includes all organizations, groups and individuals in the public and private sectors that work in a way to promote and maintain public health (1). In recent years, the Iranian health system has faced many challenges. Some of these challenges include the increase in the number of physicians and the growing expectations of the people for more access to specialist physicians, and this factor has led the country to make a special effort to develop specialized medical centers. At the same time, facilitating people's access to health services plays an important role in maintaining and promoting their health. The service delivery process influences this choice. Factors such as physician access, physician credibility, location, type and quality of care affect patient choice. In addition, gender, race, level of education, type of disease and income level also affect his choice. These factors have led medical centers to try to improve services in a constructive competition. However, meeting the needs and meeting the expectations of patients is one of the most important tasks of health care institutions (2). Accordingly, in 1983, the National Health Service approved that all health care providers in the United States should use patients' opinions in controlling and regulating their programs, and these opinions should also be used in evaluating educational programs designed for nurses and patients. Be considered. Satisfying more and more patients encourages them to perform their treatment instructions correctly and on time, and accelerates the progress of treatments and achieves the main goal of treatment, which is to improve patients. On the other hand, in a competitive market, institutions will be more successful if they put service seekers at the top of their agenda. However, efforts to achieve the quality of services and improve the level of treatment can attract patients and improve the brand of the treatment center. Now, considering that our country has not achieved its main position in the world in the field of international medical services, and on the other hand, this issue has been ignored due to numerous existing studies, the vacuum of developing a model for the development of international medical centers is noticeable. On the other hand, considering that Kermanshah province is one of the border provinces of the country and neighboring Iraq and also has the necessary medical infrastructure to provide medical services to the people of this country and on the other hand with a wide range of people in Kurdistan in terms of dialect and The establishment of culture is similar and also thousands of people will pass through Kermanshah province for their pilgrimage purposes in both countries every year. . However, considering the existing capacities for the development of international medical centers, so far no research has been done in this regard and with emphasis on the capacities of Kermanshah province, and therefore the purpose of this study is to provide a model for the development of international medical centers. Be. Methods: The method of the present study was survey-analytical in terms of applied purpose. The statistical population of the present study included medical staff, physicians, managers and officials of hospitals and medical centers (8951 people) and based on Cochran sampling, 384 people (equivalent to the maximum number of samples) were selected. The data collection tool was a questionnaire. The developed questionnaire consists of six components and 24 questions. To determine the content validity of the questionnaire, Robin 15 distribution experts and their opinions on the level of agreement with the components of the questionnaire were obtained and its structural defects were identified and the necessary corrections were made to meet the apparent validity. Cronbach's test was also used to determine the reliability. The results obtained from both tests, namely validity and reliability, 24 questions and six components were considered as the main tool. Data analysis was performed using multiple regression using SPSS software version 22. Results: The findings indicate that the model identified six main categories including privatization strategy, investor attraction policy, enactment of laws, recognition of environmental conditions, sanctions and investment growth for attracting and developing international medical centers in Kermanshah province. Conclusion: Based on the obtained results, the study of investor attraction policy in order to formulate the principles of attraction and development of international medical treatment centers was required to pass the necessary laws. This hypothesis was based on a significant assessment of the impact of investor recruitment policy to formulate the principles of recruitment and development of international medical centers on the adoption of the required laws. The results of regression test showed that the significance of the relationship and effectiveness in this hypothesis were accepted. This indicates that paying attention to the participation of foreign and domestic investors can have a significant impact on the formation and adoption of laws in the field of international medical centers. The findings of this study were consistent with the research of Nemati et al. (2016) because they also found that one of the factors affecting medical tourism was the barrier of policy and legislation (3). In this regard, it can be said that the facilitation and provision of facilitator laws are important in two ways, the first is the development of international medical centers in the country, which can provide services to the citizens of our country in times of need, such as the corona epidemic., Creating employment and monetization can help improve the business environment. The results of statistical analysis showed that knowledge of how to invest in the private sector and turnover in the medical field, especially in the west, as well as knowledge of the shortcomings and capabilities of the west can have a significant impact on the adoption of facilitator laws in this area. In this regard, by attracting capitalists and entrepreneurs to this field through media advertising, tax exemptions and providing banking facilities, the presence of economic and active people in this field can be provided. The fourth hypothesis of the study was to significantly assess the impact of sanctions as an intervening condition on the adoption of laws required for the recruitment and development of international medical centers. The results of regression analysis showed that the significance of the relationship and effectiveness were accepted in this hypothesis. This suggests that analyzing and recognizing ways to impose sanctions on banks and medical items and companies involved in the development of international medical centers can help enact laws that facilitate the lifting of sanctions. At the same time, the results of statistical analysis showed that the adoption of laws that provide facilities to medical tourism activists in the hotel sector, equipment needed, etc., and tax exemptions for these groups can facilitate further investment in this sector. . The results of this study were in line with the results of Hoz Cora et al. (2018) who showed that accreditation is effective in medical tourism [16]. Every research has different limitations and this study is no exception to this rule. This study was performed on members of the treatment department, physicians, managers and officials of hospitals in Kermanshah province, and it is possible that the result will be different in other provinces; Therefore, extending this study to other provinces and different strata should be done with addiction. To increase further generalizability, future research needs to replicate the study findings with larger samples. Also, this study affects some of the motivational factors that affect the development of international medical centers. There may be other factors that are not part of this study but may have a significant impact on the development of international medical centers. Also in the present study, according to its findings, it is suggested: 1. Providing a policy model for laws in the field of development of international medical centers; 2. Designing a health tourism model based on ecotourism attractions in less developed logic; 3. Assess the aspects of transportation restrictions (land, air and rail) in the development of international medical centers. In general, the results of this study advance the focus by focusing on Iraqi medical tourists by clarifying the factors influencing the absorption and development of international medical centers in Kermanshah province. In this study, the researcher analyzed the components of privatization strategy, investment attraction policy, understanding the environmental conditions and approving the laws required for the development of international medical centers in Kermanshah province. This study also showed that the various aspects identified in this study raise the issue that this theory is not a purely linear and prescriptive theory and that the process of formulation and implementation takes place simultaneously. Therefore, accompanying the medical tourism system, and at the top of them the government and their consensus, can achieve the desired goals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Iraqi National Library and Archive continues its uniqueness in collecting, organizing and preserving Iraqi intellectual productions of all kinds, as it is the institution responsible for performing these tasks, because it includes the National Library first and the National Center for Preserving Documents second. The research aims to study the reality of the house with a focus on the shift towards digitization, as the house includes many sources of information of different types and for several periods and eras in the history of Iraq. Being the national institution responsible for depositing all kinds of Iraqi intellectual production, and it has entrusted the task of issuing the Iraqi national bibliography. Over the course of its establishment, the house was subjected to calamities that made it lose a large number of its assets, the last of which was the US occupation of Iraq in (2003 AD), where the major catastrophe occurred. After that, the management of the house sought to shift towards digital and turned to requesting the help of national governmental, non-governmental and international institutions in order to provide assistance and advice in order to preserve the assets of the house first and then providing the best services to the beneficiaries secondly, and since (2004 AD) the house started the procedures for transferring part of its documentaries and other sources of information on compact discs, and then made it available to the beneficiaries as well as making other types available on the website of Aldar, including its versions of periodicals. One of the results of the research is the weakness of the allocated financial capabilities, which led to the weakness of the structures Infrastructure that helps in the transition procedures towards digitization in advanced stages, he presented some legislation, and among the recommendations is the necessity of having an adequate budget to carry out the tasks of preserving Iraqi intellectual production as well as providing the best services to beneficiaries at the international and national levels. Legal Deposit Section in all forms and in various media. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]