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بحثت الدراسة موضوعاً معاصراً هو «تكييف عقد التأمين التعاوني » الذي هو أصل الخلاف في حكم التأمين بنوعيه التجاري والتعاوني، فحسمه يحسم حكمهما، فبحثت -متبعا المنهج الوصفي والفقهي المقارن- معنى تكييف عقد التأمين، ومشروعية التأمين، وتحرير محل النزاع في تكييف التأمين التعاوني، وآراء العلماء في تكييف عقد التأمين التعاوني ومناقشتها، وتوصل الباحث إلى تكييف مبتكر جديد لعقد التأمين التعاوني بأنه )تبرع فيه معنى المعاوضة( حيث قسم الباحث العقود إلى معاوضة محضة، وتبرع محض، وما غلب فيه التبرع، وما غلبت فيه المعاوضة، والعبرة في الحكم للغالب الشائع لا للنادر، وعقد التأمين التجاري معاوضة محضة أو يندر فيها التبرع، فيأخذ أحكام المعاوضة، ويغلب التبرع على عقد التأمين التعاوني وتندر فيه المعاوضة، فيأخذ أحكام التبرع الذي يغتفر فيه ما لا يغتفر في المعاوضة. الكلمات المفتاحية: تكييف، عقد، تأمين تعاوني.

The existence and sustainability of madrasas are influenced by actors and the environment. The actor's ability to interpret the environment becomes a strategic point in strengthening the institution's existence. The meaning of the external internal environment can be shown in adaptability. This article discusses adaptation models carried out by madrasas in conflict-vulnerable areas with a qualitative approach. Based on the research, it was concluded that the existence and development of madrasas was carried out by the first method of Human Resource Configuration: the Multicultural Adaptation Model, which empowers teachers, administrative staff who are diverse in ethnic, customs and culture. second Madrasah Curriculum Reconstruction: An inclusive adaptation model that is in the academic field developing science majors at Aliyah madrasa, providing local mutants in Agriculture and Fisheries at MI level while in the non-academic field forming Drumband teams and becoming iconic for madrasas, thirdly Multicultural Idelogy that seeks internalized openness, respect, sympathy, tolerance and cooperation through contextual learning and integrated in each subject. in addition, internalization is carried out with social action activities

The article deals with the problems of economic socialization of children with disabilities, adaptation of such children, realization of their life chances, opportunities for self-realization in spite of low efficiency of corrective socio-educational technologies’ implementation. The study revealed the peculiarities and differences in the rates of economic socialization of children with disabilities and physically healthy children, which are conditioned by the circumstances of life and the features of individual psychological and group characteristics of these groups of children. The ways, organizational forms and conditions that allow the inclusion of a disabled child in economic relations are identified; complex diagnostic tools were developed and tested to study the external and internal factors of economic socialization of children with disabilities. In the process of specially organized activity, which includes elements of economic knowledge, self-knowledge, value analysis and real practical actions, it is possible to promote enrichment of values and formation of elements of intrinsic motivation for the economic activity of the child. The effectiveness of the implementation of the developed program of direct and indirect influence on the development of economic ideas and economic behavior using the example of the Department of Early Social Rehabilitation of Children with Disabilities of the Center of Social Assistance and Rehabilitation of the Disabled "Turbota" in Berdiansk, Rivne Educational and Rehabilitation Center "Special Child" of Rivne City Council has been experimentally proved; it was included in the curricula of Berdiansk State Pedagogical University.

The article examines the conditions and directions of socio-cultural adaptation of migrant- children in the process of ethnographic tourism. The terms "migration", "socio-cultural adaptation", "social activity", "ethnographic tourism" are specified. The peculiarities of socio-cultural adaptation of pupils of different nationalities in elementary school in the western region of Ukraine are described. The stages of socio-cultural activity defined by V. Ruthen and M. Koksien are specified in accordance with the conditions of the elementary school. The influence of factual and virtual ethnographic tourism on the formation of children's status is researched. It is noted that in the conditions of organization of educational process in primary school virtual tourism is more often used. Requirements for using virtual tours, oral journals, projects in the process of socio-cultural adaptation of migrant- children are analyzed, and the features of how to conduct these activities with children from 6 to 10 years old are presented. The main thing about using virtual ethnographic tourism is that children not only get acquainted with and adapt to a new socio-cultural environment, but also introduce classmates to their native socio-cultural setting. The role of factual tourism, the main task of which is to get acquainted with culture, everyday life, traditions, dialects, cuisine, and applied art is analysed. For this purpose, teachers use excursions, sightseeing tours in the museums of the city and the region. Schoolchildren were analyzed in order to identify groups of differentiation by level of social activity. The role of official and interpersonal communication in the development of social activity of pupils of junior school age is determined. To monitor the tendencies of interaction between official and unofficial statuses of students and children of migrants in the system of communication and relations in the class, the coordinate - sociogram analysis of the class was used. We used it to observe changes that occur in the groups of attachment and alienation between children aged 6-10 years old in the process of using factual and virtual ethnographic tourism.

The research aimed at designing an occupational satisfaction scale in secondary school physical educators in Al Rasafa education directorate as well as identifying the level of occupational satisfaction in secondary school physical educators. The researcher used the descriptive method on (433) physical educators on a pilot study, adaptation, application. The data was collected and treated using proper statistical operations to conclude that the occupational satisfaction scale was easy to apply and understand by physical educators. Finally, the researchers recommended providing a healthy environment for physical educators in schools to encourage creativity and making similar studies on other subjects and other grades.

This paper deals with the theory of emergency conditions and their impact on the contract of Istisna'a. It aims to explain this term, its evidence, what is its conditions, and a statement of the Istisna'a contract, the difference and its adaptation.

Adaptation, as one form of response to literary texts, is a matter that has been much discussed in the world of literature or the world of art in general. An interesting case of adaptation is the adaptation of al-Fil al-Azraq's novel to a film showing the effort of an adapter to preserve the novel story as well as transforming it into a new work with a variety of creativity in it. This study aims to reveal the individuality, effects, and meaning of the text contained in the novel al-Fīl al-Azraq as the background text and the film al-Fīl al-Azraq as a foreground work as well as the media changes occurring in the adaptation work . To see this process of adaptation, the theory of aesthetic response from Wolfgeng Iser. The results of this study indicate that the adapters do dialectic with the source text and then display it in their adaptation work through changes in the text in the form of allusions, negations, and blank filling. These changes also affect the individuality, effects, and meaning of the adaptation work to the point of shifting from the source text. This shows that the work of adaptation is a new work that has its own individuality and creativity, a work of repetition without replication.

Some problems of socialization of youth in the conditions of transformation of the social and economic relations, crisis situations in various spheres of life of society have been studied in the paper. The socio-economic conditions of modern Russian society defining bachelors’ professional socialization have been investigated. Domestic researches of graduates’ social and professional adaptation have been analyzed. Main difficulties which university graduates meet in the course of professional social adaptation have been revealed. The attention on social institute of professional education exerting a great influence on process of socialization of an individual has been focused. Professional focused training in higher education institution; technologies creating imitating actions during the educational or work practice of students have been presented as a condition of reduction of professional adaptation terms. The authors pay attention to the question of university graduate’s employment which is one of criteria of overall performance on bachelor’s training for modern high school education and, at the same time, starts process of adaptation of a university graduate to modern conditions of labor market which result will be a mastering professional and personal qualities for increase in competitiveness in constantly changing production conditions. The great value to ability to adapt quickly to variability of social living conditions, ability to react flexibly to modern calls in the conditions of work and public life of society have been emphasized.

Some of challenging features faced by the Arabic language learners are lack of linguistic vocabulary, psychological motivation, the scarcity of cognitive and social materials, and the difficulty of practicing second or foreign languages among learners. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a search for elements and sources that help the leaners to face those difficulties. The researchers believe that the daily remembrance (dzikr) of the Qur’anic verses, the prophetic traditions, and the invocations (du’a) that Muslims deal with in their daily lives can be among the specific sources of Arabic language practice among non-Arab learners. Therefore, the researchers by using analytical and experimental approach chose some Arabic words or vocabulary from the popular invocations used by Muslims in their daily recitations and then presented it in the Arabic language classes. The researchers conducted three experiments on three groups of Malaysian junior students in Arabic subject in the second and third stages. The study found there are many sources that prevent the practice of the Arabic language. These barriers related to several factors such as the lack of language adaptation, psychological and behavioral conditions. However, the study concluded that good selection of vocabulary, or language phrases, especially from daily Islamic terms, drives Malaysian learners to practice Arabic.

Many children and adolescents experience traumatizing occurs including but not limited to military attacks, death of close people, demolition of houses, witness to the death of others, refugee status etc. These people need help and support of specialists to restore their psycho-emotional state, to overcome the consequences of post-traumatic stress disorder. This need increases the role of educational institutions, namely the professional activity of teachers and practical psychologists, which require improvement of existing and development of new methods of social adaptation and psychological and pedagogical rehabilitation of children and adolescents temporarily displaced from the ATO zone (Anti-Terrorist Operation Zone) in Ukraine to overcome symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder. Teachers and students of the Berdiansk State Pedagogical University actively participate to develop pedagogical assistance and support for children and adolescents, who temporarily displaced from the territory of the ATO zone, to overcome the consequences of traumatic events and solve their own psychological problems. By elaborating this experience, this study concludes that the optimal development of the child occurs in a family where each member has influence on him; the restoration of the state of mind is possible if the qualified psychological and pedagogical support will be organized; overcoming of psychotrauma will be effective when social contacts with other people will be established. The close cooperation of psychologists and teachers with parents, the educational environment will speed up the process of rehabilitation and adaptation of children and adolescents who are experiencing post-traumatic stress disorder.

This publication is devoted to the problems of history teaching in the Soviet school in the 1920s-1930s. The article presents the main conclusions and provisions that characterize the change in government policy regarding historical science in general, and the teaching of school history course, in particular. It was shown the evolution of state policy, which resulted in the fact that the government refused of the experiments of the 1920s in the 1930s. All this eventually led to the nationalization of historical science. Of all the variety of directions that existed in the late 19 - early 20th century, the government chose and turned Marxist direction into the only one that had the right to life and the right to be considered truly scientific. When writing the article, we used the system-structural approach, dialectical, general historical and logical methods, which allowed revealing the essential features of history teaching in the Soviet school. Consideration of the problem both at the all-Union level and at the regional level made it possible to identify the general and particular, the difficulties and contradictions in the adaptation of historical narrative for the purposes of teaching in the secondary school. Practical application of this publication is aimed at focusing attention of the professional community of historians and educators on the achievements of Russian historical thought, the integrated application of particular developments and recommendations developed by the Soviet historians and teachers.

Modern requirements for educational activities have a binary nature. Thus, on the one hand, educational practice established in the form of a social institution is one of the most conservative areas of social space. On the other hand, comfortable adaptation of a person to the processes occurring in the modern world is impossible without taking into account the phenomena of digital nature. The article provides a philosophical and pedagogical strategy aimed at the development of critical and creative thinking skills and competent reasoning, which can act as a basis for media education. The paper shows that the community of researchers is an interactive form of lesson organization, which makes it possible to develop rationality and ethical-and-democratic behaviour and, thus, to promote information and media literacy among students. The article also presents theoretical justification of the strategy, as well as techniques and materials for its empirical assessment. These can help arrange a lesson according to the principle of research community, which will contribute to the development of both cognitive and ethical-and-social skills in students.

The adaptation of the jurisprudence is a practical method of jurisprudence to judge the hew cases and matters. It can only be achieved after verifying the availability of its basic elements, including the objectives of Shari'a to deal with the new issues and developments in contemporary financial transactions. Therefore, this study aims to reveal the importance of the practice of adapting the jurisprudence to meet the challenges of the age and to show their role in practical cases.

Lesson Study as a growing interest in the education world has attracted educators, experts, and professionals in the area to make use of it in improving the lessons—it also happens in Indonesia. Originally applied in the teaching of mathematics in Japan, now it turns to be used in other fields, and English is one of them. This paper highlights the guideline on Lesson Study and pictures its application in a private senior high school in Malang, East Java, Indonesia. The adaptation of Lesson Study is interesting since Japan and Indonesia have different cultural background. How Lesson Study is usually implemented in Japan and the US and how it is applied in Indonesia will be seen here. As this is a case study, it will only focus on a school and the result should not be used to generalize Lesson Study applications in Indonesia. Interview and observation were instruments used in this study. The interview was used to gain information on how Lesson Study was normally conducted and observation (and the researchers’ involvements) was used to see the real implementation of Lesson Study. What happened during the implementation of Lesson Study and during the teaching and learning process become a great attention here.

This article is a result of field research about the culture of inheritance of migrating Besemah people in Jakarta. The research questions raised in this article are do migrating Besemah people adopt their customary law of inheritance or do they adapt to the regime prevailed in the Jakarta? This article found that Besemah people living in Jakarta have been adapting to the urban way of inheritance which gives similar share between men and women and gives a strong position to wife. Another important finding is that only a small number of migrating Besemahers still maintain the old value and customs of their region of origin. DOI: 10.15408/ajis.v17i2.6236

In the Islamic discourse, the study of hadith is in demand today. This is because the function of hadith is as a source of Islamic teachings which is a necessity in human life in all circumstances and conditions. Therefore, the proper method of understanding hadith through comprehensive approach both textual and contextual is required. The study of hadith also needs methodology enlightenment and paradigm shift. In this case, modification and adaptation of information and methodology elements by a discipline from other disciplines is a natural thing. This integration of various diciplines is then known as interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary approach. Interdisciplinary approach in the study of hadith which use the traditional Islamic science is also done by a number of contemporary scholars of hadith.

Understanding English literary works is evitably a big problem for the students of non-English-speaking countries. The writer proposes that intertextuality may help the students to understand them better. Through her study, she tries to find out the problems the students have in understanding literary works, in this case, novels; and to investigate how intertextual study through films can help them to solve the problems. By doing observation and interview to the students in her class of English Prose, she finds out that the problems are the difficulty to understand the sense of the language, the cultural gap, the uncontextuality with their experience, the difficulty to grasp the imagery, and the lack of information about the literary works. Through the films adapted from the novels they read, the students can overcome their problems. The films make them understand the sense of the language, understand the culture, more aware of the relation among people and the situation, feel that they become part of the issues in their lives, get more vivid images about the setting, the characters and other elements, familiar with the issues in the works. All of them help them to understand more the novels they are reading.Keywords: Intertextuality, Film Adaptation

Insurance is an adaptation word of the various languages. Dutch language “Assurantie” means assured, Italian language “insurensi” and assurance in English means a guarantee. In Arabic the insurance referred to at-ta’min means of protection, security and freedom from the fear. In this paper, the author will discuss thoroughly Insurance in the perspective of the Qur’an, on Insurance Legal Foundation, an Islamic insurance concept (Sharia Insurance) as well as various opinions Ulama on Insurance.