Search

Copyright of Arts Magazine is the property of Thamar University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Arab Journal for Scientific Publishing is the property of Research & Development of Human Recourses Center (REMAH) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

International trade is considered the central link in the complex system of contemporary international economic relations. It links all countries of the world in a unified economic system whose goal is to address economic problems at the international level through developing productive capacity, expanding employment opportunities, and enhancing the flow of production factors between countries to achieve economic growth. Our study aimed to clarify the considerable impact of some macroeconomic variables (exchange rate, gross domestic product, public spending, foreign direct investment) on foreign trade in Iraq and to determine the degree of relative importance of the macroeconomic variables affecting foreign trade in Iraq. The study followed the descriptive analytical approach by collecting data related to the study for the period from 2003 to 2020 and then analyzing the data obtained through artificial neural networks.

The research aims to conduct a standard economic analysis of the most important economic indicators related to sustainable development affecting the GDP of the sample countries (Iraq, Egypt, Jordan), Based on the premise that despite the vigorous pursuit of sustainable development, developing countries remain below the required level through the reduction of many indicators of sustainable development and the challenges facing sample States, The research relied on the descriptive and analytical approach using the Eviews10 programmer using time chains and two periods before forecast (2015-2022) and for forecasting (2023-2030). The data were divided into quarterly views to increase the number of views and to see the impact of some economic indicators of sustainable development on the adopted variable of sample States' GDP, The researcher concluded that sustainable development is not the level required and desired from it between (2015-2022) and that the variables got worse during the prediction that the sample states did not pay this great attention. The researcher recommended paying attention to the economic aspect, which is central to the dimensions and indicators of sustainable development, focusing on the environmental, technological, and social aspects as well, focusing on the establishment of financial funds to support sustainable development programs, and supporting research, media and cultural projects towards the establishment of environmentally friendly and beneficial projects for poor classes.

The interdependency of various areas of Statistics is gaining good attention in the literature. This is possible through innovations such as the log-transformation of distribution to a parametric regression model hence integrating contemporary probability distribution models with the classical regression method. The new model is essentially preferred due to its applicability in wider scenarios. In this article, the base distribution is the Power Chris-Jerry distribution. The reparametrized regression model equivalent was carefully derived with the maximum estimation procedure under censored sample also considered. A simulation study of the log-power Chris-Jerry regression model was carried out with measures of performance presented. The COVID-19 patient lifetime censored data was deployed to justify the motivation for developing the new model and twelve competing models were used to compare the proposed regression. The results show that the proposed model is indeed better and preferred to its competitors.

This research aims to measure the impact of artificial intelligence on economic growth in China by measuring the relationship between the rate of economic growth in China and artificial intelligence. Quantitative methods were used to estimate the relationship between the study variables. The research results showed a strong correlation between some of these variables compared to the correlation of each of them with the gross domestic product. The explanatory variables with the highest correlation were chosen. These variables are: the number of manufactured robots, the total population, foreign direct investment, net inflows, advanced technology exports, manufacturing, Value added (% of GDP) Number of manufactured robots, total population, foreign direct investment, net inflows, advanced technology exports, manufacturing, value added (% of GDP), where the values of the simple correlation coefficients between GDP and each of the variables of the number of manufactured robots, total population were Population, foreign direct investment, net inflows (balance of payments, in current US dollars), advanced technology exports (in current US dollars), manufacturing, value added (% of GDP), where the values of the simple correlation coefficients between GDP Each of the variables is about 0.9, 0.97, 0.78, 0.96, and 0.75, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Economic Administrative & Legal Sciences is the property of Arab Journal of Sciences & Research Publishing (AJSRP) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Global Journal of Economics & Business is the property of Refaad for Studies, Research & Development and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Arab Journal for Scientific Publishing is the property of Research & Development of Human Recourses Center (REMAH) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Muthanna Journal of Administrative & Economics Sciences is the property of Muthanna Journal of Administrative & Economics Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of Islamic Sukuk Financing on economic development indicators through Jordanian experience of Sukuk issuing. Descriptive approach is occupied to illustrate the concept of Islamic Sukuk, their types and characteristics, depending on relevant sources and references, while analytical approach is adopted for hypotheses testing. Data is collected from published annual reports that covering Islamic Sukuk issuing in Jordan through period (2016 - 2022). Study model include Commodity Murabaha Sukuk and Ijarah Sukuk, in addition to economic development indicators (inflation and gross domestic product (GDP)). Current study results show that Islamic Sukuk Financing influence economic development indicators, where first sub-hypothesis explored the impact of Islamic Sukuk Financing on GDP, whereas, the second one explored the impact of Islamic Sukuk Financing on inflation, moreover, in two cases significant effect appeared by Ijarah Sukuk. The most important recommendation that governments should follow an approach based on relying on Islamic sukuk as internal sources of financing, and reduce dependence on external borrowing, in order to reduce the burdens of public debt. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Al-Adab / Al-ādāb is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: Economic growth, while not the sole criterion for economic development, has consistently been regarded as a critical indicator of progress. Its significance often surpasses that of other development indicators. One of the primary manifestations of economic growth is the increase in production levels. In today's world, productivity is recognized as a key factor influencing the economic conditions of nations. Enhancing productivity not only contributes to an increase in gross domestic product (GDP) but also bolsters the competitiveness of countries, ultimately leading to improved public welfare. This study aims to examine the effectiveness and ranking of productivity barriers within the agricultural and industrial sub-sectors in Mazandaran Province. Understanding the dynamics of productivity is essential for fostering economic development, particularly in regions like Mazandaran, where agriculture plays a vital role. The agricultural sector not only provides food security but also supports livelihoods and contributes to the overall economy. Similarly, the industrial sub-sector is crucial for economic diversification and job creation. Therefore, identifying and addressing the barriers to productivity in these sectors is imperative for enhancing economic performance and ensuring sustainable development. Methods: To investigate the obstacles and challenges affecting productivity in Mazandaran Province, a survey was conducted during the summer of 2022, resulting in the completion of 65 questionnaires by experts and senior managers from various executive bodies in the province. The questionnaires were designed to gather insights on the perceived barriers to productivity within the agricultural and industrial sectors. To analyze the data and estimate the results, the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) was employed, utilizing Expert Choice software. This method allowed for the systematic ranking of various productivity barriers based on expert opinions. Furthermore, to examine the interrelationships among the relevant criteria and sub-criteria, Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was applied using Smart PLS software. This dual approach enabled a comprehensive understanding of how different barriers interact and influence each other, providing valuable insights into the complex landscape of productivity challenges. Results: The analysis yielded normalized weights for the identified criteria, specifically environmental barriers, organizational barriers, and individual barriers. The weights were calculated as follows: environmental barriers received a weight of 1.00, organizational barriers were assigned a weight of 0.966, and individual barriers were given a weight of 0.983. These results indicate that environmental barriers are perceived as the most significant obstacles to productivity, while organizational barriers were viewed as the least impactful. Additionally, factor analysis revealed meaningful relationships among the barriers. Specifically, the hypothesis that environmental barriers influence individual barriers was supported, as was the hypothesis that organizational barriers affect environmental barriers. This suggests a complex interplay between different types of barriers, indicating that addressing one category may have cascading effects on others. The findings from the Analytic Hierarchy Process highlighted specific sub-criteria that emerged as particularly impactful. Among the individual barriers, the low leadership skills of managers were identified as a critical issue. This underscores the importance of effective leadership in driving productivity improvements. In terms of organizational barriers, the lack of a robust performance evaluation system was noted as a significant challenge. Such a system is essential for assessing productivity levels and identifying areas for improvement. Lastly, from the perspective of environmental barriers, the presence of incomplete performance information was highlighted as a major obstacle. Access to accurate and comprehensive data is crucial for informed decision-making and strategic planning. Conclusion: The results of this study underscore the multifaceted nature of productivity barriers in Mazandaran Province. The Analytic Hierarchy Process indicated that low leadership skills among managers, the absence of an effective performance evaluation system, and incomplete performance information are the most pressing issues affecting productivity. These findings suggest that targeted interventions are necessary to enhance leadership capabilities, establish comprehensive performance evaluation frameworks, and improve access to performance data. Overall, the study reveals that environmental barriers hold the highest importance according to the perspectives of high-ranking officials in organizations across Mazandaran Province. Furthermore, the results of the Structural Equation Modeling analysis reinforce the notion that environmental barriers significantly influence individual barriers, while organizational barriers also play a role in shaping environmental challenges. Addressing these barriers is essential for promoting productivity and, by extension, economic growth in both the agricultural and industrial sectors. Policymakers and stakeholders should prioritize initiatives that enhance leadership training, develop robust performance evaluation systems, and ensure the availability of accurate performance information. By doing so, Mazandaran Province can improve its productivity levels, thereby contributing to broader economic development goals and enhancing the welfare of its citizens. In conclusion, the findings of this research provide a valuable foundation for future studies aimed at exploring productivity challenges in other regions and sectors. Understanding the intricate relationships between various barriers will be crucial for developing effective strategies to foster productivity and drive economic development in a sustainable manner. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Al Bashaer Economic Journal is the property of Al Bashaer Economic Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Al-Anbar University Journal of Economic & Administration Sciences is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Adab Al-Kufa is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Economic Researcher Review is the property of Association of Arab Universities and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Islamic instruments contribute to an increase in the volume of financial investments that is positively reflected on the economic activity in the country and helps to increase the effective demand, and, as a result, increase the gross domestic product in Jordan. This study aims to identify the essence of Islamic sukuk and its impact on projects investment in Jordan. Besides, the current study sheds lights on the legal legislations that regulate the process of issuing and circulating Islamic instruments, and reviews the first experience of the process of issuing Islamic instruments, which intended to finance the process of supplying the National Electricity Company with liquefied gas. The study concludes that the process of issuing instruments in favor of the company proved to be an appropriate and economically feasible financing formula. In addition, the demand for Islamic instruments was massive, which indicates the existence of a promising market for it in Jordan. The study recommends expanding the issuance of Islamic instruments to finance public and private capital projects, with the goal of financing the economic development process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Zarqa Journal for Research & Studies in Humanities is the property of Zarqa Journal for Research & Studies in Humanities and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Economic Sciences is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Economic Sciences is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Accounting & Financial Studies Journal is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study aims to highlight the impact of the food manufacturing industry on economic growth during the extended period (2005-2020) in Algeria. This type of manufacturing industry was chosen for its importance, as it constitutes one of the important pillars on which the industrial sector is built, which is mainly related to achieving food security for people. Autoregressive in an equation that highlights the relationship between economic growth represented by the per capita GDP index and the variables of the food manufacturing industry, depending on the 12EVIEWS program, which aims to study the stability of the time series of the model and conduct various standard and statistical tests. The results of the study summarized that the food manufacturing industries hardly affect economic growth due to their weak impact ratio, which was explained by the impulse response functions of the food manufacturing industries' contribution to the interpretation of economic growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study tries to show that one of the main problems that many economies throughout the world are now facing is unemployment. An economic issue that has been studied and researched for its relationship to other economic factors, as well as methods to minimize or lessen them, by many theories over time. These connections are perhaps most evident between Okun's law and the Phillips curve. Therefore, in our research paper, we attempted to shed light on this issue in Algeria by conducting an econometric analysis of the relationship between unemployment and both inflation and GDP during the period between 1989 and 2020 and by applying the ARDL model to Algerian data during the study period in order to verify the validity of both the Phillips curve and the Okun law. The findings showed that unemployment and GDP have an inverse relationship over the long term, that unemployment and inflation have no link over the short term, and that there is no association over the long term between unemployment and inflation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The research aimed to estimate the impact of car production on economic growth in South Korea during the period 1990-2020, by estimating a standard model to measure the impact of car production on economic growth in South Korea using the multiple regression model. The annotation represented by the number of passenger cars produced, the number of commercial vehicles produced within South Korea, the total export value of domestically produced automobile industry, the total value of automobile sales, domestic saving, which is consistent with the assumptions of economic theory. It should be noted that each increase in the number of passenger cars produced, the number of commercial vehicles produced, the total value of exports from the automobile industry produced, the total value of automobile sales, and domestic saving by one unit leads to an increase in South Korea's GDP by about 0.111, 5.51, 4.89. 6.22 billion dollars, respectively. The elasticity of the gross domestic product in South Korea in relation to the number of passenger cars produced was about 0.346, and for the number of commercial vehicles produced it was 0.132, while for the total number of cars produced it was about 0.362, and for the value of exports from the automotive industry it was about 0.165, and for the value of car sales It amounted to about 0.283, while for domestic saving it amounted to about 0.596. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revue Académique des Études Sociales et Humaines is the property of Hassif Benbouali University of Chlef and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study aims to identify the nature of the tax policy applied in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia in the period 2016-2022, the period under study, and the impact of this policy during that period and how to set an economic policy that suits the position of the Kingdom. Therefore, the hypothesis of study is based on a direct relationship between Revenues and Gross Domestic Product (GDP) on one side and a direct relationship between Tax and Gross Domestic Product (GDP) on the other side. The study in its theoretical framework followed the descriptive analysis methodology, while in its practical framework followed the econometrics methodology, where a model has been built in which the GDP represents the dependent variable and revenues and tax represent the independent variable. One of the prominent findings of the study is that there is a relationship of statistical indication between GDP and tax, and that tax positively impacts GDP. Also, there is a relationship of statistical indication between GDP and revenues, and that revenues positively impact GDP in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The economy of the Philippines ranks 36th in the world in terms of GDP according to 2019 estimates by International Monetary Fund statistics, thirteenth in Asia, and the third largest economy in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations after Indonesia and Thailand. The Philippines is an emerging market and the sixth richest country in Southeast Asia in terms of GDP per capita, after the regional countries of Singapore, Brunei, Malaysia, Thailand and Indonesia. The Philippines is primarily a newly industrialized nation, with an economy in transition from one based on agriculture to one based on services and manufacturing. According to 2017 figures, the gross domestic product (GDP) at purchasing power parity was estimated at 874$ billion. The research aims to analyze the nature of economic growth in the Philippines, and evaluate the sources of its growth, focusing on the time period (2022-1990) to ensure that it is sustainable and comprehensive, and meets the aspects of economic, social and environmental sustainability in order to establish more sustainable economic growth. The problem of the study was that the Philippines sought to reduce the gaps between it and other more advanced countries, or to preserve the welfare of its people, or to consolidate its leadership compared to the rest of the world. However, there are still major problems faced by the Philippines, especially with regard to alleviating the large disparity in income and growth between the different regions and social and economic classes in the country. The study relied on the description and presentation of the data on the descriptive method: minimum value, maximum value, average and annual growth rate, while the quantitative method is represented in simple, multiple, logarithmic regression and simple correlation coefficients matrix. The research also relied on secondary data from the International Information website. By estimating the factors affecting the gross domestic product (GDP) in the Philippines, estimating the function in the logarithmic form of the gross national product to the existence of a direct relationship between each of Q 2(growth in the average per capita share) Q 3(foreign direct investment in million dollars) and to know the effect of the explanatory (independent) variables under study on the average Per capita, the significance of the regression coefficients indicates the importance and impact of Q 2(growth in the average per capita share), Q 3of foreign direct investment in increasing the gross national product, as the statistical significance was proven at the level of significance of 0.01, and the adjusted coefficient of determination (t2), which amounted to 0.39, indicates that the variables The metaphor under study explains %39 of the change in the gross national product, and the remaining %61is due to the influence of other unstudied factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Al-Anbar University Journal of Economic & Administration Sciences is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Al-Anbar University Journal of Economic & Administration Sciences is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Roa Iktissadia Review is the property of Roa Iktissadia Review and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Strategy & Development Review is the property of Strategy & Development Review and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The issue of unemployment has received a great deal of attention in developing and developed nations in terms of research and analysis. Unemployment is defined as that condition that describes individuals who are unable to obtain a job despite their search for it and their ability to do so and at any level of wage. The problem of unemployment in Iraq lies in the increasing number of workers in the public sector and the inability of the private sector to absorb large numbers of labor due to the lack of numbers of production and service projects, accompanied by the economic openness to the outside since 2003 and the influx of various types of goods and services to the interior, which led to the layoff of large numbers of labor and the emergence of economic and social problems. The importance of the research appears from the negative effects that unemployment has on the economic and social reality of the country, so our study relied on a hypothesis that stipulated the existence of a number of macroeconomic variables that contribute to varying effects on unemployment rates in Iraq during the period 2000-2021, and in order to prove the hypothesis of the research was The adoption of a standard model that included a number of macroeconomic variables, which were represented in the values of gross domestic product X1, population X2, inflation rate X3, and government spending values X4 as independent variables that affect unemployment rates Y during the mentioned period. The Iraqi economy has been subject to several external shocks, resulting in an imbalance in the structure of the gross domestic product, which led to an increase in unemployment rates as well as economic openness to the outside world. After the year 2003, which reflected its effects in laying off large numbers of manpower, we recommend supporting the work of the private sector and Generating the values of investment allocations for establishing new projects, operating stalled projects, limiting foreign imports, and employing local investment companies in improving the reality of infrastructure, as this plays a very important role in reducing unemployment rates in Iraq. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the research is to measure and analyze the short and long-term relationship between the effect of the increase in GDP on banking assets in the Iraqi economy for the period (2005-2020) using the modern methodology of joint integration according to the (ARDL) model, and the results of the relationship showed that the increase in GDP was It has a significant impact on the increase in banking assets in Iraq during the study period, with a long-term equilibrium relationship moving from the gross domestic product to the banking assets in Iraq during the period (2005-2020). The research concluded a number of conclusions, the most important of which was the existence of a strong direct effect between the size of the gross domestic product and the banking assets, meaning that the increase in the gross domestic product led to an increase in the volume of banking assets in Iraq during the study period in Iraq (2005-2020), so the research recommends the need to take advantage of The increase in the volume of banking assets in granting loans and operating projects that would advance the economic cycle within the country and that works to increase the gross domestic product and diversify the contribution of economic sectors in increasing the size of the gross domestic product instead of relying on relying on one resource, which is crude oil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Oil revenues in some variables of the Iraqi economy were characterized by frequent fluctuations and crises globally, regionally and locally during the research period. The Iraqi economy was affected by the rise and fall of oil revenues through the transmission of fluctuation and instability from the oil sector to non-oil sectors. Oil in diversifying commodity sectors in Iraq, as well as analyzing the evolution of the size of the oil sector's contribution to financing the gross domestic product and its effectiveness in periods of low oil revenues resulting from fluctuations in global oil prices. The fluctuations in oil revenues in diversifying commodity sectors in Iraq for the period (2004-2020). The researcher adopted the method of mixing the descriptive analytical approach and the inductive approach to use modern standard models based on the methodology of the Autoregressive Distributed Delay (ARDL) model. Quarterly data for the period (2004- 2020) were used to measure and analyze the results of the relationship between oil revenues and commodity sectors through the use of Statistical Program (9 Eviews), Among the findings of the research, there is a long-term equilibrium relationship and a significant direct effect relationship between the independent variable oil revenues and the dependent variable commodity sectors. The research recommended the need to pay attention to sovereign wealth funds for their effectiveness in raising the level of financial discipline and improving the management of oil revenues in light of the financial surpluses with the aim of investing those revenues in determining the effects of fluctuations and uncertainty regarding oil revenues to serve future generations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Accounting & Financial Studies Journal is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Al-Adab / Al-ādāb is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Petroleum Research & Studies is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of REMAH Journal is the property of Research & Development of Human Recourses Center (REMAH) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Economic Sciences is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Accounting & Financial Studies Journal is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Gharee for Economics & Administration Sciences is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Business & Management Studies (2709-0876) is the property of Al-Kindi Center for Research & Development and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of REMAH Journal is the property of Research & Development of Human Recourses Center (REMAH) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Financial, Accounting & Managerial Studies is the property of Journal of Financial, Accounting & Managerial Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of REMAH Journal is the property of Research & Development of Human Recourses Center (REMAH) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study aims to shed light on the issue of economic dependency in the Iraqi economy, which was demonstrated through the use of indicators of economic dependence up until Iraq's dependence on the outside world reached 99%. It is possible that this is because the Iraqi economy is unilateral because it is reliant on oil. Excessive dependence necessitates that decision-makers in Iraq take this issue into account and work to find solutions, including stimulating local and foreign investment and removing barriers to it, as well as a true trend toward diversifying the components of the gross domestic product. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of REMAH Journal is the property of Research & Development of Human Recourses Center (REMAH) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Al Bashaer Economic Journal is the property of Al Bashaer Economic Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Saffron Agronomy & Technology is the property of Torbat-e-Heydarie University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)