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عندما بدأت الاحتجاجات ضد الحكومة في سوريا و العراق عام 2011، أنعكس ذلك على مُركب الأمن في الشرق الأوسط ،الذي يتميز بوجود صِراع المحاور المستمر. تاريخياً، يتميز الشرق الأوسط بوجود صِراع مركزي محصور ما بين المحور العربي و الإسرائيل ي. تذهب هذه الدراسة إلى أن ما بعد الاحتجاجات في سوريا والعراق أصبح الصِراع المركزي في المنطقة محصور ما بين محور المقاومة الإيراني و محور الممانعة الخليجي. تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى تحليل دور الاحتجاجات الداخلية في سوريا والعراق في تشكيل التنافس و الصِراع بين المحورين و معرفة أبعادها في الأقاليم المجاورة. سؤال الدراسة هو إلى أي مدى أثرت الاحتجاجات في سوريا والعراق على مستوى وتطور مُركب الأمن في الشرق الأوسط. تفترض الدراسة بأن كلما كانت الصِراعات الداخلية في سوريا والعراق مترابطة سياسياً و أجتماعياً و تاريخياً، كلما إنعكس ذلك على أنماط الصِراع والتنافس بين محوري المقاومة الإيراني و الممانعة الخليجي ، وكلما كان هناك أخلال في توازن القوى الإقليمي لصالح محور المقاومة الإيراني، كلما تدخلت تركيا و إسرائيل في المنطقة بهدف تحقيق التوازن بين المحورين. لأثبات صحة الفرضية التي انطلقت منها الدراسة اعتمدنا على المنهج الأستنباطي و المنهج التحليلي و المنهج التاريخي.

This study was carried out to investigate the possibility of utilization of barley flour in production of pan bread. wheat flour of (72% extract) was replaced by 10, 15 and 20% barley flour. The effect of such replacements on physical and chemical characteristics of produced pan bread were studied. The results indicated that barley flour had a higher contents of chemical composition than that in wheat flour except carbohydrate content was the highest in wheat flour (85.53%) than in barley flour (76.67%),whereas, protein, ash, dietary fiber, β-glucan and antioxidant were higher content in barley flour (13.63, 2.44, 19.00, 8.65, 97.34 respectively) as compared with its content in wheat flour (12.26, 0.49, 4.88, 0.34, 55.33 respctively),while, wet gluten and falling number were reduced by added barley in composite flour. The rheological properties of the five dough mixes were studied using farinograph and extensograph. The water absorption and dough weakening increased as the percentage of barley flour increased, while were decreased the extensibility and maximum resistance to extension . The results of sensory characteristies of prepared bread (containes10% barley flour) was not significants different from control for crust color, grain and texture. The results revealed that it was possible to use barley flour at level of 10, 15% to produce bread that satisfied baker's and consumer's sensory expectation. This levels may be to increased the nutritional value from dietary fibers, β-glucan, minerals, vitamins and antioxidants.

The concept of investment climate is a modern concept that includes a group of factors that affect the investment process, and the importance of investment in the Iraqi economy being a rentier economy that depends entirely on its oil exports. It must be preceded by the creation of a suitable and attractive environment for investment by improving the investment climate. Since the investment decision depends in large part on the total costs of the project, it is necessary to know how the investment climate affects these costs. Accordingly, the study seeks to clarify the effects left by the investment climate factors and thus their impact on the investment decision. The letter concluded that the political, economic, administrative and financial instability are major obstacles to the investment climate in Iraq, and the most important of its recommendations is an attempt to improve the infrastructure of the Iraqi economy, which in turn stimulates the private sector, in addition to the need to formulate the investment law by economists first and coordinate with national strategic policies and study other laws related to investment.

Abstract. The prediction of rate constant of Ethers reaction with Chloramine-T has been studied theoretically in this work using ab-initio and statistical calculations. The first order reaction between Ethers and Chloramine-T shows that the rate constant depends on the Ethers concentration. Therefore, ab initio calculations were used using DFT/ b3lyp with 6-311++G** as a basis set to extract the most stable geometry of the chosen ethers. Also, several physical parameters have been gained form these calculations such as mulliken charge at the active atoms, dipole moment, Homo and Lomo energy levels, Hardness, Electronic Chemical Potential and Global Electrophilicity Index. The relationship between these physical variables plays an effective role in the reaction rate. Therefore, statistical calculations were used to investigate the possible relationship between these physical parameters. These relationships can be predicted from the value of the correlation coefficient (R2) and the Standard error (SE). Simple regression analysis and multiple regression analysis were performed between these physical variables as independent variables and rate constant as a dependent variable using SPSS software. The results show high value of R2 (0.993) of the regression analysis which reflects the high relationship between these variables that affects the reaction rate concentration. The out data illustrates negligible differences (about 0.008) between the experimental and calculated rate constant value.

ABSTRACT This study was conducted In Animal Production Department fields, at college of agriculture and forestry, University of Mosul, by using 24awassi male lambs average body weight 26.43± 2.46 kg and their ages ranged 5-6 months, lambs were divided into four treatments and fed ration consisting of barley, wheat bran, wheat straw and urea. The lambs were fed the first treatment (control) without additives, while 10 g/lamb/day dry bread yeast (saccharomyces cerevisiae) was added to the second treatment, 10g/lamb/day of probiotic was added to the third treatment, and the fourth treatment was added in a mixture of 5 g dry bread yeast and 5 g probiotic/lamb/day. The results were showed that daily feed intake of feed was 999, 1171, 1004, 1104 g/lamb/day, Daily body weight gain increased significantly(P

This paper aims to explore the effect of socio-emotional wealth on the financial health of Moroccan unlisted family businesses. Building on the theory of socioemotional wealth, this research is a first attempt to provide a better understanding of this phenomenon by analyzing how the non-financial prerogatives of family members are likely to affect the financial health of Moroccan family businesses. To arrive at the results, we conducted this study through exploratory qualitative research using semi-structured interviews with 19 managers of Moroccan unlisted family businesses. The results obtained seem to confirm that the non-financial logic adopted by family members can deteriorate the financial situation of family firms, as they feel less concerned about liquidity, profitability, and solvency objectives and prefer to make decisions that minimize socioemotional losses at the expense of better financial health.

Kejuruteraan genetik dan teknologi rekombinan merupakan penemuan penting yang telah memacu perkembangan pesat dalam bidang bioteknologi moden terutamanya dalam penyelidikan dan pembangunan (R&D). Walaupun begitu, perkembangan tersebut menimbulkan isu dan persoalan agama serta etika khususnya melibatkan teknik pembiakan buatan, pemindahan organ, pengklonan dan kejuruteraan genetik itu sendiri. Isu etika sering ditekankan dalam pelbagai cabang ilmu dan memainkan peranan sangat penting dalam sistem hidup manusia serta berkait rapat dengan agama. Oleh yang demikian, penulisan kertas kerja ini bertujuan mendedahkan berkaitan Projek Genom Manusia (PGM) dan isu-isu genetik manusia yang timbul dari perspektif sains dan Islam seperti Teori Evolusi Darwin, PGM, pengklonan manusia dan eugenik. Akhirnya, isu-isu yang timbul dari aplikasi teknologi genetik manusia perlu ditangani dengan sebaik mungkin melalui etika sains serta diintegrasikan dengan ajaran Islam supaya segala pencapaian bidang ini tidak merosakkan alam dan populasi manusia seterusnya menjadikan kehidupan manusia lebih baik dan kondusif dari semasa ke semasa.