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Pamplona desde finales del siglo XVIII y primeras décadas del XIX fue testigo de varios intentos de constituir una Sociedad Económica de Amigos del País. Aunque estas instituciones han sido ampliamente estudiadas en el presente artículo hemos querido comprobar si hubo alguna continuidad entre las élites intelectuales que las promovieron o, como resultado de los convulsos periodos que se sucedieron, fueron iniciativas aisladas entre sí. Para ello se han cruzado los datos de los individuos que constituyeron las distintas sociedades dejando ver ciertas constantes entre algunos grupos de la nobleza, los comerciantes o el clero, en especial el alto clero. Algunas de las familias que participaron en el ascenso social del fenómeno denominado la Hora navarra consiguieron continuar en puestos políticos y económicos destacados en el nuevo régimen liberal, dejando los que tradicionalmente habían ocupado para entrar en otros nuevos. Pamplona witnessed, from the turn of the 18th century to the first decades of the 19th century, several attempts to create an Economic Society of Friends of the Country. Such institutions have been documented, the aim of this article is to assess whether there was some continuity within the intellectual elites that promoted them or whether, as a result of the ensuing upheaval, they were unrelated. To that end the data from individuals who constituted the various societies has been cross-referenced, which brings to light certain constants in some groups of the nobility, merchants and clergy, especially high church. Some of the families that participated in the social rise phenomenon known as the Navarrese Hour managed to continue to hold prominent political and economic posts in the new liberal regime, leaving aside those they had traditionally held in order to enter novel ones. Esta investigación se enmarca en el proyecto de investigación Las elites sociales y políticas en Navarra durante la crisis del Antiguo Régimen ¿continuidad o ruptura? (Esopo) del Departamento de Historia de la Universidad de Navarra.

This article examines how, in the Protestant play “La Tragedie du sac de Cabrieres” (16th century), the personality of the leader of the Catholic forces at the siege of Cabrieres, d’Opede, is constructed through a set of oppositions between his duties as a leader and his dilemmas as a man. With an analysis of the transformation of the character from a man full of doubts to a “monster” dedicated to the extermination of the Waldensians, the author examines how gender and emotions are intertwined in the (re)creation of a masculine personality that sets aside any non-useful ideas in order to become a man completely devoted to his cause.

This is a study of the jewelry in the city of Zaragoza at the end of the Middle Ages. In this paper, a special attention is given to the regulations concerning the technical aspects of the trade, leaving aside the role played by the Fraternity St. Eloy as a charitable organization, which was founded by the Queen Maria, Lieutenant of Alfonso V, on August 2nd. 1420.[fr] Étude de l'art de l'orfèvrerie à Saragosse à la fin du Moyen Âge. Une analyse est faite sur les préceptes relatifs aux aspectes techniques du métier, laissant de côté, pour être bien connu de tous, le labeur bénéfique et social de la Confrérie de Saint Eloi, fondée par la reine Marie, lieutenant d'Alphonse V le Magnanime, le 2 Août 1420.

During the low Middle Ages, in the southern areas of the Reign of Valencia -that during the second half of the XIIIth century belonged to the Reign of Murcia-, the trading transactions were burdened with different taxes, between them customs dues, almojarifazgo as it is still called in Orihuela or dret de duana in Alicante and Elche. As far as Alicante is concerned, we have texts dating from the beginning of the XIVth century, where an amount of more than the annual 3.500 pays of incomes were reached. The difficulties by the middle of the century, above all war, ruined local economy and this tax was left aside till the middle of the XVth century, when a clear period of recovering starts, parallel to the economic cake off of the city. The landlords are native of Alicante, some of them are traders, members of the local oligarchy. There are mostly individual landlords, though they sometimes created specific societies. In Elche, we find information since 1315, according to which local Jews participated actively in farming out since 1391. During the XVth century Mudejars also rented areas. Tax remain stable at the beginning of the XVth century around 2.000 and 2.500 pays, much above what was commonly collected in Alicante. Customs dues bring an important source of income for the landlords -the city of Barcelona-, it represents 12,9 % of feudal incomes during the years sixties of the XVth Century. Pendant les siècles qui composent le Bas Moyen-Age, dans les régions méri­dionales du royaume de Valence, -royaume qui, pendant la seconde moitié du XIIIeme siècle faisait partie du royaume de Murcie-, les transactions mercantiles étaient grevées de divers impôts parmi lesquels l'almojarifazgo -terme qui fut maintenu à Orihuela- ou droit de douane (à Elche ou Alicante). En ce qui concerne Alicante, on conserve encore des informations du début du XIVeme siècle, selon les­quelles ces recettes d'impôts procuraient des revenus qui dépassaient les 3. 500 sous l'an. Les difficultés du milieu du siècle, en particulier la guerre, ont ruiné l' économie locale et les recettes de l'impôt entrèrent dans une phase de léthargie qui dura jusqu’à la moitié du XVeme siècle, époque pendant laquelle commence déjà une période de récupération, en accord avec la relance économique de la ville. Les fermiers sont alicantins, certains d'entre eux marchands, membres de l'oligar­chie locale. Le fermage individuel prédomine, bien que parfois des sociétés spéci­fiques se constituent. Les données qui concernent Elche datent de 1315 et on voit les juifs de l'endroit participer activement dans l'affermage jusqu'en 1391. Au XVeme siècle apparaissent aussi des fermiers mudéjars. L'impôt se maintient stable au début du XVeme siècle, il est de 2.000 à 2.500 sous, bien supérieur aux recettes d'Alicante. Le droit est une importante source de revenus pour la seigneurie -la ville de Barcelone- et répresente 12,9 % de la rente féodale dans les années soixante du XVeme siècle.