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Informe sobre les actuacions relatives a la COVID-19 al Regne Unit.

L'acomodació és el sistema mitjançant el qual l'ull és capaç d'enfocar objectes pròxims. Gràcies a ella podem fer tasques en visió pròxima com llegir o enfilar una agulla. Quan un pacient arriba a la consulta per a realitzar un examen visual, l'optometrista posseeix diverses tècniques que l'ajudaran a obtenir la refracció del pacient per a així, aplicar la correcció idònia. No obstant això, totes elles es veuen afectades per l'acomodació. Això és degut al canvi refractiu que produeix el sistema acomodatiu per a enfocar els objectes en posició pròxima, fet que provocarà que el professional determini un error refractiu erroni. Per això, és important mantenir un bon control de l'acomodació durant tot l'examen visual. El fogging és una tècnica que l'optometrista usa per a mantenir un bon control de l'acomodació durant la determinació de l'error refractiu. Actualment, no hi ha un consens per part del món optomètric sobre la manera en la qual cal aplicar aquesta tècnica. Aquest TFG desitja fixar la mira sobre el fogging. Es pretén estudiar, analitzar i provar quina és la manera més efectiva de dur-ho a terme i així, donar pautes a futurs estudis per a arribar elaborar un protocol

This article examines the function of crime fiction in post-Franco, democratic Catalan culture. Drawing on postcolonial literary approaches to Catalan literature and culture, the article explores the ways in which writers and intellectuals actively produced crime fiction narratives as a means of overcoming a crisis in Catalan identity caused by the Castilian cultural and linguistic assimilation policies enacted by successive centralist regimes. The article examines the different narrative strategies typical to the genre that Catalan- and Castilian-language writers from Catalonia employed to resist the homogenising practices of the nation-state and to construct a particular Catalan community., Biblioteca di Rassegna iberistica

Every year for the past 10 years, the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) has administered a global survey on fitness trends. This study has reproduced the methodology used by the ACSM surveys with the goal of identifying trends in the fitness sector in Spain. The opinion of 672 professionals in the fitness sector about 40 potential trends in the sector for 2017 were gathered via an online questionnaire. The results are compared and discussed with the results of the international surveys administered by the ACSM from 2007 to 2016. The results show that the trends in the fitness sector in Spain for 2017 largely dovetail with those found in the ACSM’s last international survey for 2016. Thus, 14 of the trends within the Top 20 are identical in both studies, with the top positions being “body weight training”, “high-intensity interval training” and “certified, experienced trained staff”. On the other hand, 4 trends in Spain’s Top 20 were specific to our country. Likewise, 12 of the identified trends match the Top 20 ranked trends in the past decade (2007-2016) devised based on the results of the ACSM’s international surveys Durante los últimos 10 años el Colegio Americano de Medicina del Deporte (American College of Sports Medicine, ACSM) realiza anualmente una encuesta global sobre tendencias de fitness. El presente estudio ha reproducido la metodología empleada en las encuestas de la ACSM y ha tenido como objetivo identificar tendencias en el sector del fitness en el ámbito español. La opinión de 672 profesionales del sector del fitness sobre 40 potenciales tendencias en el sector para el año 2017 se recogió mediante un cuestionario en línea. Los resultados obtenidos se comparan y discuten con los resultados de las encuestas internacionales realizadas por ACSM desde 2007 a 2016. Los resultados muestran que las tendencias en el sector del fitness en España para el año 2017 coinciden, en términos generales, con las encontradas en la última encuesta internacional de la ACSM para el año 2016. Así, 14 de ellas coinciden dentro del Top 20 en ambos estudios, destacando en los primeros lugares “el entrenamiento con peso corporal”, “el entrenamiento interválico de alta intensidad”, y “el personal formado cualificado y experimentado”. Por otro lado, 4 tendencias del Top 20 fueron tendencias específicas de nuestro país. Del mismo modo, 12 tendencias identificadas coinciden con el Top 20 del ranking de las tendencias de la última década (2007-2016) elaborado a partir de los resultados de las encuestas internacionales de la ACSM

Since the sole surviving astrolabe with engraving in Judaeo-Arabic came to light at an auction in 1988 the inscription on the rim has troubled researchers for it appeared to make little sense. We show here that the inscription is a corrupt version of a 10th-century poem compiled by the astronomer-mathematician-poet Abū Isfāq Ibrāhīm al-Sābi' for the ruler 'Adud al-Dawla when the scholar presented him with an astrolabe; this poem appeared in several manifestations between Baghdad and al-Andalus over the centuries, of which our astrolabe presents the most distorted version. There is also a problem with the plates, the latitudes underlying the markings often being at variance with what is stated on them. The difficulty of dating the astrolabe and assigning it to either of al-Andalus or the Maghrib is discussed.

This remarkable astronomical instrument was made by the Muslim astronomer known as NasÐūlus, who was active in Baghdad between 890 and 930. Its rediscovery brings our knowledge of the activities in that flourishing scientific centre a substantial step further. This type of instrument was previously not known to exist, although sundials based on the same principle are described in Arabic treatises datable to ca. 950 and ca. 1280. It is essentially a mathematical device providing a graphic solution to a problem that was of interest to Muslim astronomers, namely, the determination of the time of day as a function of the solar altitude throughout the year, here specifically for the latitude of Baghdad. The instrument reveals a level of mathematical competence and sophistication that is at first sight astounding. However, with a deeper understanding of the scientific milieu from which it came, it can be seen to be fully within the theoretical competence of the scientists of that environment. Nevertheless, the spectacular accuracy of the engraving of the principal curves on the instrument is completely unexpected. The instrument also features the earliest known solar and calendrical scales from the Islamic East; the origin of these was previously thought to be in the Islamic West.

In 1986, David A. King published an English survey of his Arabic catalogue of the scientific manuscripts in the Egyptian National Library in Cairo, which had appeared in two large volumes in 1981 and 1986. This survey is arranged chronologically by author within a number of geographical regions. Although a list of all authors is found at the beginning of thework, no alphabetical index of authors is included. On the occasion of King’s retirement, and with an eye on the recent renewed interest in the bio-bibliography of Islamic scholars, this article presents such an index, generated from a computer database by Benno van Dalen.

In recent years there have been increasing concerns for many wildlife populations, due to decreasing population trends. This has led to the introduction of management schemes to increase the survival rates and hence the population size of many species of animals. We concentrate on a particular dolphin population situated off the coast of New Zealand, and investigate whether the introduction of a fishing gill net ban was effective in decreasing dolphin mortality. We undertake a Bayesian analysis of the data, in which we quantitatively compare the different competing biological hypotheses, determining the effect of the sanctuary upon the dolphin population., En los últimos años, ha aumentado la preocupación por muchas poblaciones de fauna, como consecuencia del descenso observado en sus tendencias poblacionales. Ello ha llevado a la aplicación de programas de gestión orientados a aumentar las tasas de supervivencia y, por consiguiente, el tamaño de la población de numerosas especies de animales. Nos concentramos en una población de delfines concreta, situada en la costa de Nueva Zelanda, investigamos si la aplicación de una ley que prohíbe la utilización de redes de enmalle ha resultado eficaz a la hora de reducir la mortalidad de los delfines. Llevamos a cabo un análisis bayesiano de los datos, en el que comparamos cuantitativamente distintas hipótesis biológicas alternativas, y determinamos el efecto de la reserva en la población de delfines.

The aim of this article is to contextualise female migration into Southern Europe within the specificities of the Southern European model of immigration. Very different from the intraEuropean labour migrations of the 1950s and 1960s, when the Southern European countries were themselves suppliers of labour migrants, this new South European immigration model comprises a number of key features such as heterogeneity of migrant source countries (especially true for Italy and Spain), the dynamic role of the informal economy, a heavy concentration of immigrant employment in the tertiary sector, and the highly segmented structure of labour demand into which different ethnic and gender groups find niche opportunities. Particularly relevant for the role of immigrant women in this setting are the social changes affecting the position of South European women both in the labour market and in the home and family contexts. Although the article is mainly concerned with the above theoretical issues, reference will also be made to a sample of empirical studies on immigrant women, especially in Italy. El objetivo de este artículo es contextualizar la inmigración femenina en la Europa del sur dentro de las especificidades del modelo de inmigración de la Europa del sur. Un modelo muy distinto del de las migraciones europeas de trabajo de los años cincuenta y sesenta, cuando los países de la Europa del sur ofrecían mano de trabajo migrante. Este nuevo modelo de inmigración en la Europa del sur comprende un número de características clave como son la heterogeneidad de los países de origen (especialmente para el caso italiano y español), un dinámico rol de la economía informal, una gran concentración de los inmigrantes en el sector terciario y una estructura de la demanda laboral muy segmentada, en la que los diferentes grupos étnicos y de género hallan «oportunidades nicho». En este contexto es especialmente relevante para el rol de las mujeres inmigrantes los cambios sociales que afectan a la posición de las mujeres de la Europa del sur, tanto en el mercado como en el hogar. A pesar de que el artículo se centre principalmente en aspectos teóricos, se hace también referencia a estudios empíricos sobre mujeres inmigrantes, especialmente en Italia.