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Emergency management is an issue of complex systems which lack effective solutions. Due to the challenges of the low frequency, unclear evolving models and high uncertainty during an emergency, traditional simulation-based models and data-based models, which are widely used in normal states, are not very applicable in emergencies. In this paper, a simulation method is proposed to provide simulation systems with the adaptability of simulating normal and emergency states, through the combination of simulation models and big data technologies. Using a scenario of the large-scale traffic evacuation as an example, the simulation method improves the accuracy and the diversity of prediction, and supports decisions of the emergency management for traffic evacuations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to design the piped hydraulic transportation technique of tube-contained raw material reasonably, mathematical model on the piped hydraulic transportation of tube-contained raw material was established based on the hydraulic characteristics of the piped hydraulic transportation of tube-contained raw material in the paper. The mathematical model was solved by FLOW-3D and simulated values were compared with the experimental values. The results find simulated values and experimental values of the pressure field and flow field on the piped hydraulic transportation of tube-contained raw material are in substantial agreement. These show the mathematical model is right and the solve is feasible by the software. These will provide theoretical reference for the technical application of the technique. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]