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Copyright of Chinese Journal of Stroke is the property of Chinese Journal of Stroke Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Stroke is the property of Chinese Journal of Stroke Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Stroke is the property of Chinese Journal of Stroke Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Stroke is the property of Chinese Journal of Stroke Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Stroke is the property of Chinese Journal of Stroke Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

超声由于其独特的优势已逐渐应用于脑小血管病领域。本文汇总了超声在脑小血管病中应用的相关研究，概述了脑小血管病与血管超声各类评估指标之间的关系，并描述了超声在与脑小血管病并存的心、脑、肾等多系统疾病中的评估、诊断作用，为应用超声对脑小血管病进行全面有效评估提供了理论依据。 Abstract: Ultrasound has been gradually applied to the field of cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) due to its unique advantages. This paper summarized the studies related to ultrasound in CSVD, and summarized the relationship between CSVD and various evaluation indicators of vascular ultrasound. What’s more, this paper described the role of ultrasound in the evaluation and diagnosis of multi-system diseases such as heart, brain, and kidney coexisting with CSVD, and provided a theoretical basis for comprehensive and effective evaluation of CSVD by ultrasound.

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Stroke is the property of Chinese Journal of Stroke Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Small vessel disease plays an important role in cerebrovascular diseases, which is the main cause of cognitive decline and functional loss in the elderly. Cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) is a syndrome characterized by a series of clinical, pathological and imaging changes caused by small vascular structural or functional lesions. Some patients often come to hospital with dizziness as the main symptom and complaint. In recent years, more and more studies have shown that CSVD can lead to dizziness, but the mechanism has not been fully explained. This paper reviews the relationship between dizziness and CSVD and its possible related mechanisms, aiming to provide some reference for the identification, diagnosis and treatment of CSVD in patients with dizziness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

脑小血管病（cerebral small vessel disease，CSVD）是一组临床、影像、病理综合征，主要累及颅内小血管，起病隐匿。CSVD与卒中、认知下降、情感障碍、步态异常及尿便失禁密切相关，给家庭和社会带来沉重的疾病负担和经济负担。但CSVD的致病机制仍不明确，临床诊断标准不统一，临床诊疗和试验研究面临重大挑战。本文旨在汇总当前CSVD的可能病因、发病机制和临床诊疗研究的进展及局限性，展望CSVD未来可能的临床研究方向。 Abstract: Cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) is a group of clinical, imaging and pathological syndromes mainly involving intracranial small vessels. The onset of CSVD is occult. It is closely related to stroke, cognitive decline, affective disorders, gait abnormalities and urinary and fecal incontinence. It brings heavy disease burden and economic burden to the family and society. However, the true pathogenesis of CSVD is still unclear, and the clinical diagnostic criteria are not uniform, which makes clinical diagnosis and treatment and experimental research face major challenges. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the progress and limitations of the etiology, pathogenesis, clinical diagnosis and treatment of CSVD, and to look forward to the possible clinical research direction of CSVD in the future.

脑小血管病（cerebral small vessel disease，CSVD）是由各种病因影响脑内小血管所导致的一系列临床、影像、病理学综合征，其在国际上尚无统一诊断标准，症状轻微，故临床上主要根据神经影像学表现分为新近皮质下小梗死、假定血管源性腔隙、假定血管源性脑白质高信号、血管周围间隙、脑微出血、脑皮质表面铁沉积和脑萎缩。证据表明，CSVD可能与诸多神经心理学症状相关，然而，神经心理症状与CSVD发生和发展之间的关系目前尚不明确。本文对情感淡漠、疲劳、焦虑、抑郁和心理应激与CSVD影像学关系的研究进展进行了综述。 Abstract: Cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) is a series of clinical, imaging and pathological syndrome caused by various causes affecting the small blood vessels in the brain. There is no unified diagnostic standard in the world for CSVD, and the symptoms are mild. Therefore, based on neuroimaging findings, it can be divided into recent small subcortical infarct, lacune of presumed vascular origin, white matter hyperintensity of presumed vascular origin, perivascular space, cerebral microbleed, cortical superficial siderosis, and brain atrophy. Evidence suggests that CSVD may be associated with a variety of neuropsychological manifestations. However, the relationship between neuropsychological symptoms and the occurrence and development of CSVD is not clear. In this paper, the research progress of the relationship between apathy, fatigue, anxiety, depression and psychological stress and the imaging of CSVD was reviewed.

目的 通过文献计量学的方法分析2013—2023年血管周围间隙的研究现状、热点及前沿领域。 方法 在Web of Science核心合集数据库中检索2013年1月1日—2023年6月19日血管周围间隙相关英文论著。使用CiteSpace V6.3.R1软件分析文献的发文国家、研究机构、作者的合作网络，参考文献、第一作者、期刊的共被引网络，关键词的共现网络，关键词及参考文献共被引的突现情况；使用VOSviewer 1.6.15软件对关键词进行聚类分析。 结果 共纳入1549篇文献。2013—2023年的年发文量整体呈增长趋势。美国的发文量最多，其次为中国。发文量位列前3的研究机构分别是哈佛大学、麻省总医院和爱丁堡大学。合作网络分析发现国家间合作相对紧密，国内研究机构与其他研究机构合作较少。爱丁堡大学的Wardlaw Joanna M发文量最多。关键词共现图谱显示前10个高频关键词分别为小血管病、扩大的血管周围间隙、MRI、脑、Virchow-Robin间隙、阿尔茨海默病、痴呆、风险、卒中和类淋巴系统。关键词聚类分析发现脑小血管病、痴呆、MRI 为当前研究热点，类淋巴系统为新兴的研究方向。关键词突现分析表明弥散成像从2021年至今备受关注。 结论 近10年血管周围间隙的研究热度逐年攀升。脑小血管病是主要的研究热点，类淋巴系统为新兴的研究方向，前沿领域为弥散张量成像等MRI技术。 Abstract: Objective To analyze the current research status, hotspots, and frontier fields of perivascular spaces from 2013 to 2023 based on bibliometric analysis. Methods The related English article of perivascular spaces was retrieved in the Web of Science Core Collection from January 1, 2013 to June 19, 2023. CiteSpace V6.3.R1 software was used to analyze the cooperation network among the publishing countries, institutions and authors; the co-citation network of reference, first author of reference and journals; the co-occurrence network of keywords, burst analysis of keywords and reference co-citation. VOSviewer 1.6.15 software was used for keywords cluster analysis. Results A total of 1549 papers were included. The annual publications from 2013 to 2023 showed an overall increasing trend. The United States ranked the first and China ranked the second. The top three prolific institutions were Harvard University, Massachusetts General Hospital and University of Edinburgh. Cooperative network analysis showed that the cooperation between countries was close and domestic institutions collaborated less with other institutions. Wardlaw Joanna M from University of Edinburgh ranked the first in publications. The top ten keywords in co-occurrence network were small vessel disease, enlarged perivascular spaces, MRI, brain, Virchow-Robin spaces, Alzheimer’s disease, dementia, risk, stroke and glymphatic system. Cluster analysis of keywords showed that cerebral small vessel disease, dementia and MRI were current hotspots, and glymphatic system was a new research direction. Burst analysis of keywords suggested diffusion imaging has got much attention since 2021. Conclusions The research on perivascular spaces has increased during the recent 10 years. Cerebral small vessel disease was the main hotspot and glymphatic system was a new direction. Diffusion tensor imaging was a frontier field.

脑小血管病（cerebral small vessel disease,CSVD）是衰老过程中的常见疾病，可能会导致卒中、认知障碍、神经心理疾病或症状以及其他功能损害。CSVD常与神经退行性疾病并存，进一步加重认知损害及其他症状的发生，从而影响患者的日常生活能力。脑小血管病国际影像标准 1（standards for reporting vascular changes on neuroimaging-1，STRIVE-1）对结构MRI上所见的CSVD不同影像特征进行了分类和标准化。2023年发布的STRIVE-2进一步更新了CSVD血管变化的神经影像学指南。本文将对STRIVE-2更新要点进行解读。 Abstract: Cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) is a common disease in the aging process that would result in stroke, cognitive disorder, neuropsychological disorders or symptoms, and other functional impairments. CSVD often co-exists with neurodegenerative diseases, further exacerbating cognitive impairment or other symptoms that affect the patient's ability to live independently. Standards for reporting vascular changes on neuroimaging 1 (STRIVE-1) classifies and standardizes the different features of CSVD seen on structural MRI. The STRIVE-2, published in 2023, further updates the neuroimaging guidelines for vascular changes in CSVD. This paper will explain the update points of STRIVE-2.

脑小血管病（cerebral small vessel disease，CSVD）发病率高，病因复杂，精确诊断、分类和随访较为困难。目前，CSVD基因组学已发现超过50个独立遗传位点与CSVD发病风险相关，涉及细胞外基质组成、髓鞘形成、膜转运等病理生理机制，且与临床表现相关。转录组学发现多种微小RNA在CSVD痴呆患者和健康对照中差异性表达；蛋白组学研究异质性较大，提示需选用蛋白质标志物的特定组合才可能有助于CSVD的诊断和分型；宿主-微生物组学研究提示CSVD存在肠道-免疫-脑轴的致病机制。不同组学水平数据进一步阐释了CSVD的发病机制，并发现了一系列有助于CSVD明确预测、诊断和预后评估的生物标志物。此外，多组学数据的整合有望带来预防、早期精准诊断和个体化治疗的突破。本文就CSVD不同组学水平外周标志物的研究进展以及多组学整合应用的现状进行综述，以期提高CSVD的预测和早期诊断率。 Abstract: Cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) has high morbidity, and its complicated etiology makes it difficult to accurately diagnose, classify and follow up. The over 50 genetic loci in genomics of CSVD have been identified to be independently associated with CSVD, which involve the structure and function of extracellular matrix, myelination, membrane transport and other pathophysiological mechanism, and are also related to clinical features. The transcriptomics studies found that a variety of miRNAs were differentially expressed in CSVD dementia patients and healthy controls; the relevant studies found large heterogeneity in proteomics of CSVD, suggesting that the specific combination of protein biomarkers may be helpful for the diagnosis and classification of CSVD; host-microbiomics studies also have found the pathogenic mechanism of gut-microbiota-immune-brain axis in CSVD. The different omics data further explained the pathogenesis of CSVD, and found a series of biomarkers that were helpful for prediction, diagnosis and prognosis assessment of CSVD. In addition, the data of multi-omics integration are expected to bring breakthrough in prevention, early accurate diagnosis and individualized treatment of CSVD. The progress of the peripheral biomarkers of CSVD in multi-omics and the current status of multi-omics integration application were reviewed in this paper.