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Ultrasound has been gradually applied to the field of cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) due to its unique advantages. This paper summarized the studies related to ultrasound in CSVD, and summarized the relationship between CSVD and various evaluation indicators of vascular ultrasound. What’s more, this paper described the role of ultrasound in the evaluation and diagnosis of multi-system diseases such as heart, brain, and kidney coexisting with CSVD, and provided a theoretical basis for comprehensive and effective evaluation of CSVD by ultrasound. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To analyze the current research status, hotspots, and frontier fields of perivascular spaces from 2013 to 2023 based on bibliometric analysis. Methods The related English article of perivascular spaces was retrieved in the Web of Science Core Collection from January 1, 2013 to June 19, 2023. CiteSpace V6.3.R1 software was used to analyze the cooperation network among the publishing countries, institutions and authors; the co-citation network of reference, first author of reference and journals; the co-occurrence network of keywords, burst analysis of keywords and reference co-citation. VOSviewer 1.6.15 software was used for keywords cluster analysis. Results A total of 1549 papers were included. The annual publications from 2013 to 2023 showed an overall increasing trend. The United States ranked the first and China ranked the second. The top three prolific institutions were Harvard University, Massachusetts General Hospital and University of Edinburgh. Cooperative network analysis showed that the cooperation between countries was close and domestic institutions collaborated less with other institutions. Wardlaw Joanna M from University of Edinburgh ranked the first in publications. The top ten keywords in co-occurrence network were small vessel disease, enlarged perivascular spaces, MRI, brain, Virchow-Robin spaces, Alzheimer’s disease, dementia, risk, stroke and glymphatic system. Cluster analysis of keywords showed that cerebral small vessel disease, dementia and MRI were current hotspots, and glymphatic system was a new research direction. Burst analysis of keywords suggested diffusion imaging has got much attention since 2021. Conclusions The research on perivascular spaces has increased during the recent 10 years. Cerebral small vessel disease was the main hotspot and glymphatic system was a new direction. Diffusion tensor imaging was a frontier field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) is a series of clinical, imaging and pathological syndrome caused by various causes affecting the small blood vessels in the brain. There is no unified diagnostic standard in the world for CSVD, and the symptoms are mild. Therefore, based on neuroimaging findings, it can be divided into recent small subcortical infarct, lacune of presumed vascular origin, white matter hyperintensity of presumed vascular origin, perivascular space, cerebral microbleed, cortical superficial siderosis, and brain atrophy. Evidence suggests that CSVD may be associated with a variety of neuropsychological manifestations. However, the relationship between neuropsychological symptoms and the occurrence and development of CSVD is not clear. In this paper, the research progress of the relationship between apathy, fatigue, anxiety, depression and psychological stress and the imaging of CSVD was reviewed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) is a group of clinical, imaging and pathological syndromes mainly involving intracranial small vessels. The onset of CSVD is occult. It is closely related to stroke, cognitive decline, affective disorders, gait abnormalities and urinary and fecal incontinence. It brings heavy disease burden and economic burden to the family and society. However, the true pathogenesis of CSVD is still unclear, and the clinical diagnostic criteria are not uniform, which makes clinical diagnosis and treatment and experimental research face major challenges. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the progress and limitations of the etiology, pathogenesis, clinical diagnosis and treatment of CSVD, and to look forward to the possible clinical research direction of CSVD in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]