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Farming and reading education, as an important carrier for strengthening labor education in agricultural related majors in universities, has profound significance in cultivating the mission of strengthening agriculture and promoting agriculture among local application-oriented undergraduate students and their love for agriculture. It is beneficial for contemporary college students to inherit the excellent traditional culture of farming and reading inheritance. With the advancement of the new agricultural science construction, the role of local applied undergraduate colleges in cultivating high-quality practical and skilled landscape professionals is becoming increasingly evident. The Department of Landscape Architecture at Suqian University has strengthened the effectiveness of landscape education by optimizing top-level design to promote institutional construction, conducting innovative exploration and practice of the “1+1+3+3” farming and reading education model in the field of landscape architecture, and jointly building a farming and reading education practice base. Based on the connotation construction of cultivation education in the landscape architecture major of Suqian University, this paper proposes the construction and innovation of its cultivation education model, mainly including: relying on interdisciplinary integration to optimize talent cultivation goals and plans; creating a “cross-border integration” curriculum system and update teaching methods; relying on the Industrial College of Suqian University (Suhua College) to implement professional characteristic development; promoting the organic integration of farming and reading education with social practice, innovation and entrepreneurship; relying on the new model of labor education with the characteristics of “northern Jiangsu”, we aim to create an “immersive” education pattern. These measures have constructed and innovated the cultivation and reading education mode of landscape architecture majors, promoted the improvement of students’ practical ability, innovative thinking, social responsibility, and comprehensive quality. At the same time, they have also provided reference for the cultivation and reading education of landscape architecture majors in other applied undergraduate colleges and universities under the background of the new agricultural science construction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis is the property of Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Insect pest attack has serious consequences for plants growth and development. Biological control of pests is a potential solution, which needs to understand the quantitative interactions among various organisms in the environment for management optimization. However, it is time-consuming and laborious to determine the effect of insect attack on plants through experiments. In this paper, a new method was proposed and developed to simulate the effect of insect pest on leaves and quantify the effect of insect pest on plant growth. An improved cellular texture strategy was used for describing the appearance of leaves eaten by armyworm. The procedures are as follows: (1) to simulate the irregular eating path of pests, we use origination feature point, which is the position where the armyworm begins to eat, and critical feature point to model the pest’s trajectory. The critical feature point is generated randomly within a circle, which is defined by certain distance as radius and the origination feature point as the center, and (2) to simulate armyworm eating habits, we select the closest feature point to a pixel, which is closer to the origination feature point than the distance between the pixel and the origination feature point; (3) a transparent pixel in cellular texture is used to represent the leaf area where pests will not eat. To describe wormhole intuitively and visually, cellular texture values were mapped to color, the pixels in leaf texture will be transparent when the color of corresponding cellular texture pixels are lower than a threshold. To describe the effect of leaf eaten by pest, we used the proportion of being eaten, namely the percentage of eaten leaf area to the whole leaf area. As the proportion of being eaten changes, the number of transparent pixels also changes. Therefore, the appearance of the leaves could represent conditions under various degrees of armyworm attack. Coupling armyworm attack with functional-structural model is able to quantitatively describe the interactions between armyworm and maize and visually simulate the growth of maize. Models of maize architectural development were constructed based on the L-System, which facilitates the simulation of physiological response to damage. The morphological size of each organ was calculated according to their cumulative biomass (fresh weight). For estimating the proportion of being eaten of each leaf, it is necessary to calculate the number of armyworms and the amount of their food intake, and simulate the distribution of armyworms in maize. Based on the literature review, the life cycle of armyworm was divided into 10 different stages, and every stage was further divided into multiple age classes. On the basis of daily effective accumulated temperature at each age, the number and intake of each age class in each stage of the armyworm population was simulated per day, combined with the effect of natural enemies and environmental factors on the survival of armyworms. Ray tracing algorithm was employed to simulate light interception of a canopy, and a photosynthesis model was applied to estimate biomass. To simulate the assimilate partitioning within a maize and quantify the effects of armyworms eating on whole plant structure, Friedlingstein model was used to estimate the partitioning ratio of above-ground and underground assimilate affected by leaf area index, and source-sink model and parameters from GreenLab were used to simulate the distribution of aboveground assimilate. The growth simulation also takes the effects of maize changing, armyworm damage inducing further changes that affect development into consideration. The results showed that simulation could realistic represent the vivid appearance of leaf eaten by armyworms, such as irregularity of wormhole, random selection of eaten areas and armyworms eating habits. The proposed approach can quantify the effects of armyworms attack on maize development and crop yields; it is useful for quantifying and understanding disaster degree in pest management, and it has potential for agricultural technical training and education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Agricultural Outlook (1673-3908) is the property of Institute of Agricultural Information, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper describes how the scientific experiment has expedited modernization of agriculture. It affirms the university's core mission is to cultivate innovative talents. The hands-on practice can foster students' confidence and the practice process itself is very valuable to improve manipulative abilities. It emphasizes that our laboratories should focuses on substance, management, and human resources. It asserts that the experimental platform construction need to be realistic and in line with local conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]