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Ensuring food security is a major strategic issue and a key to maintaining social stability for China. China’s grain produc‑ tion may be adversely affected by both ground-level ozone and high temperature due to the rise in ozone concentration and extreme weather. A large amount of literature has studied the effects of ground-level ozone and high temperature on crop yield separately, but very few of them have investigated the joint effects of these two factors on crop yield. We collected various types of air pollutants and climate-related variables from ECMWF reanalysis data. Combined with the input-output data and other economic data at the county level, a seven-year panel dataset with 1747 counties in China was constructed. This paper first used semi-parametric estimation methods to estimate the separate and joint nonlinear impacts of ground-level ozone and high temperature on crop yield, respectively. Our results suggested that high ozone concentration and high temperature had significant adverse effects on rice and corn, respectively. The nonlinear estimation results showed that the critical loss points of rice to ozone and air temperature were about 53×10−9 and 19 ℃, while these numbers were approximately 60×10−9 and 18 ℃, respectively, for corn. The bivariate semi-parametric estimation results revealed that these two crops were affected by ozone and high temperature differently: rice was sensitive to both ozone and high temperature, but corn was more sensitive to high temperature than ozone. Empirical results remained robust after a series of robustness tests. Given that the background level of ozone in China has been increasing over the years, our nonlinear estimation results suggest that it is an economical choice to restrict the ozone levels to below 65×10−9 and 60×10−9, respectively, in rice- and corn-grown regions, balancing between grain loss and the cost of controlling ozone pollution. In addition, our binary semi-parametric estimation results suggest that the department of agriculture should fully consider the sensitivity heterogeneity of different crops to ozone and high temperature, and guide farmers to adapt via crop choices when other conditions permit to reduce or eliminate the negative impact of ozone on grain production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Household consumption plays an important role in macroeconomic growth and the macroeconomic business cycle, but little is known about how the continuously improved air quality in China in the last decade has affected household consumption. This study first used a household model that included consumption, health, and air quality to theoretically explore the impacts of air quality change on household consumption and propose relevant hypotheses. Using the five-wave China Family Panel Studies household survey from 2010 to 2018 and the survey date of each household, the paper matched the contemporaneous PM2.5 with the annual consumption of households. Using the thermal inversion as an instrumental variable for air pollution, the results of fixed panel instrumental variable regression showed that the increase in air pollution significantly suppressed household per capita consumption, and the negative effect on residents' consumption was stronger with more heavily polluted days in a year. The protective behavior people took against air pollution limited their consumption scenarios and consumption capacity, which was likely to be the main mechanism by which air pollution affected household consumption. In addition, the instrumental variable regression results found that worsened air pollution did not have a significant impact on household income at the annual level but significantly increased the household savings rate. Heterogeneous effects showed that rural residents' consumption was more sensitive to air pollution compared to that of urban residents. Since air pollution is mainly caused by urban economic activities, the uneven distribution of benefits and costs of air pollution in urban-rural geographical space has, to some extent, exacerbated the problem of China's urban-rural welfare gap. Given that consumption has replaced investment and trade surplus as the main driving force of China's economic growth, the conclusion of this study shows that in recent years, China's air pollution prevention and control work has played a certain promoting role in macroeconomic and social welfare distribution while improving air quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The types, sources and migration of microplastics in atmospheric environment, and their effects on ecosystem and human health were reviewed. As an emerging contaminant, microplastics are constantly accumulating in the environment and organisms. Coupled with its small particle size, and non-biodegradability, the impact on the ecological environment and human health has attracted widespread attention. Due to the late start of its research, it is still in the stage of continuous exploration and has not yet formed a complete theoretical system. Based on the latest research progress, this paper puts forward that further research should be carried out in the future from the sources, migration and transmission mechanism of atmospheric microplastics, the effects on human health risks, and the combined toxic effects and mechanisms of atmospheric microplastics monomers, additives and pollutants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on Beijing's air quality data and socio-economic data from 2015 to 2020, Kernel density estimation, spatial autocorrelation and random forest methods were used in this paper to analyze the air quality characteristics and influencing factors in Beijing from 2015 to 2020. The results showed that the concentration of particulate matter contributed the most to the change of AQI in six pollution components of air quality; the difference in air quality in the four seasons was decreasing; air quality was obviously related to social production activities and governance rules. As a whole, the Air Quality Index(AQI) in the north of the municipal area was low, while the air quality in the south was relatively high. The increase in per capita disposable income, green coverage area and scientific research funding could effectively reduce the degree of air pollution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tourism is increasingly becoming a competitive and leading industry. Combined with unreasonable tourism development and expanding tourism consumption, however, tourism-related environment pollution is getting even worse and tourism-related air pollution has become a hot topic of public concern. This study utilized a strongly balanced panel sample data of PM2.5 and SO2 emission data set of 285 Chinese cities at and above prefecture-level from 2005 to 2017 to investigate the impact of tourism on urban air pollution. By considering the spillover and diffusion effects of air pollutants, this paper selected a Spatial Durbin Error Model (SDEM) under two different spatial weight matrices to conduct a regression analysis based on Bayes posterior model probability. The study found that: 1) The direct effects between tourism and PM2.5 and SO2 emissions showed an inverse U-shape relationship, which means that, during the sample period, the effect of tourism on Chinese urban air poUution supported the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis. 2) The effects of tourism on SO2 were partially moderated by the national 'tourism titles'. Specifically, as the result of the reputation effects, certification of national-level tourism resources actually worsened SO2 emissions, which absorbed most of the tourism industry elements and tourists. 3) The impact of tourism development on urban air quality varied greatly among different cities. In western cities ad larger cities, SO2 poUution caused by tourism development was more serious. Two checks were run to test the robustness of the main results of this study by changing spatial weight matrices and deleting some of the city samples. Finally, based on the research results, this paper offered the following useful policy implications: 1) Faced with worsening tourism-related air pollution, it is imperative to build a green tourism development mode and tourism lifestyle by advocating conservation-oriented development and much more economical traveling. 2) In order to reach the turning point of inverse U-shape curve earlier, it is feasible for various local governments to reform their tourist destination operation models. 3) In the meantime, it is advisable for the national government to raise the access requirements of high-level tourism resources, and strengthen the regulation and monitoring. 4) The regulation of tourism-related air pollution should be carried out according to local conditions, and the investment in tourism pollution treatment should be increased in the western region and big city areas to improve the level of pollution control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The incidence of lung cancer in Xuanwei area of Yunnan Province ranks first in China,which is a typical air pollution related lung cancer. In recent years,Xuanwei lung cancer incidence rate continues to grow rapidly,showing a clear phenomenon of family aggregation. The incidence of lung cancer in the Xuanwei area is earlier than that of adenocarcinoma and multiple primary lung cancer. Hypertension,diabetes and other cancers are common. The gene mutation spectrum and genetic background of family lung cancer patients are unique. Xuanwei family lung cancer is an ideal object to study the environment,genetics and occurrence of lung cancer. This paper reviews the research progress of family lung cancer in Xuanwei area of Yunnan Province. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to identify the impact of urban population agglomeration on air pollution in the process of urbanization, this paper measured the agglomeration effect, sprawling effect and net effect of urban population aggregation index on air pollution with the bilateral stochastic frontier analysis model according to the panel data of 253 cities from 2004 to 2018, Landscan global demographics, DMSP and Flint night light data. The results showed that: ① The agglomeration effect of population aggregation index change on air pollution was slightly stronger than the sprawling effect in all sample cities from 2005 to 2018, and the combined influence of the both effects made the actual air pollution level of cities 2.01% lower than the ‘pollution boundary’. ② With the increase of urban population agglomeration index, the agglomeration effect was enhanced, while the sprawling effect was gradually weakened. After the urban population agglomeration index exceeded the threshold value, the agglomeration effect was more dominant than the sprawling effect. On the whole, the improvement of urban population agglomeration index was conducive to the improvement of air pollution. ③ The effects of population agglomeration index on air pollution was quite different in different types of cities. The sprawling effect of low and medium population agglomeration index cities was still dominant, while the agglomeration effect of high population agglomeration index cities played a major role. ④ The average net effect of urban population agglomeration index on air pollution had little change in different years, but the difference was obvious in different regions. The average net effect of eastern cities was positive, while the average net effect of central and western cities was negative. The conclusions are significant for the scientific management of urban population and space. It means that the government should make efforts in some aspects including the reform of household registration system, the prevention urban sprawl, and the rational planning of urban functional areas, so as to promote urban population aggregation and improve the quality of urban environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a new window for opening up in the new era, the establishment of free trade zones is an important measure for China to pursue high-quality economic development. How to prevent and control pollution has to be seriously taken into consideration in this process. We viewed the establishment of free trade zones in China as a‘natural experiment’. Considering its policy radiation effect, we used the spatial difference-in-differences method to study the influence of China's free trade zones on air pollution and analyzed the heterogeneity and function mechanism of spatial dimension based on data of environmental protection cities in China from 2008 to 2017. The results showed that the free trade zones significantly reduced the concentration of air pollution in the Chinese cities. Considering the spatial difference-in-differences method based on the radiation effect of the policy, this study found that China’s free trade zone policy could effectively reduce the urban air pollution from 12% to 17%, while the result of traditional difference-in-differences was only 7%. The establishment of free trade zones had significant improvement effect on the air pollution of neighboring non-pilot cities. Considering the radiation effect in the centers of the free trade zones, we found that the average spatial spillover effect presented an inverted ‘U’curve with the increase of the radius. The optimal policy spillover effect radius was about 200 km. However, the policy spillover effect between pilot cities was poor. The establishment of free trade zones could not only improve local atmospheric conditions by promoting the optimization of industrial structure and green technology innovation in pilot cities, but also improve the atmospheric conditions of non-pilot cities by promoting the optimization of industrial structure and green technology innovation in neighboring non-pilot cities. The above conclusions were still valid after considering a series of robustness tests such as spatial parallel trend test and placebo test. The paper provides a direct answer to the key question of whether the free trade zone policy can actually support the high-quality economic development of the new era. Moreover, it also provides useful policy implications for further opening-up, winning the battle of pollution control, and boosting the high-quality economic development of China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Air pollutants have strong homology with greenhouse gases and are closely related to fossil fuel combustion. The high-intensity energy use in the eastern region of China has turned this region into a hot area of carbon dioxide emission and heavy air pollution in the past. Since the implementation of the Action Plan for the Prevention and Control of Air Pollution, the adjustment of industrial structure and the improvement of terminal treatment technology have been driving the succession of key species of air pollution and the spatio-temporal distribution of greenhouse gases in China. This paper analyzes the trend in major air pollutants and greenhouse gas concentration in different regions of China from 2013 to 2020, and reveals the migration of air pollution and carbon emissions from the east to the northwest China. Based on statistical data, the causes of the changes in the spatio-temporal distribution of air pollutants and greenhouse gases in China are clarified, and corresponding solutions are proposed. The results can provide scientific and technological support for realizing the goal of pollution and carbon reduction synergy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In view of the existing vehicle exhaust system purification efficiency is low, and cannot effectively improve the air pollution, noise pollution and other phenomena during the operation of the vehicle, the optimum design of vehicle muffler based on composite plasma technology and nanometer photocatalysis technology is presented in this paper, and the flow field and coupling vibration characteristics of the optimized muffler are analyzed by using finite element analysis software. The simulation results show that the exhaust gas has little influence on the vibration mode of the muffler, and the influence is mainly concentrated in the low frequency region. Before and after coupling, the main vibration modes of the main muffler are swing and torsion, and there is no obvious gas resistance. Finally, the acoustic performance and purification performance of the vehicle muffler using the composite plasma and photocatalytic purification technology are tested. The test results show that the overall insertion loss of the vehicle muffler is 17 dB in the frequency band of 0～5000 Hz, and the overall noise elimination effect is good. Under the synergistic action of plasma and photocatalysis, the minimum and maximum purification efficiency of NOx is 20.51% and 47.76%, and the NOx concentration can be reduced to 0.74×10-6 at idle speed. It shows that the muffler based on composite plasma and photocatalytsis purification technology has achieved good performance of noise elimination and purification. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bryophytes are important indicators of environmental pollution. At present, bryophytes are mainly used to monitor atmospheric pollution in China. In fact, bryophytes have been widely applied to monitor water quality abroad. In the present paper, we firstly analyzed the literature of applying bryophytes to monitor water environmental quality abroad, then summarized relevant contents of bryomonitoring, which included the types of water pollutants monitored by bryophytes, the species of bryophytes used for bryomonitoring, the influences of the survival status of bryophytes on monitoring effect, the environmental factors affecting the enrichment of heavy metal elements in water by bryophytes, the active and passive methods of applying bryophytes to monitor water pollutions, and the sample preparation, as well as some European cases of bryomonitoring for water environmental quality. Finally we also proposed some suggestions about bryomonitoring researches and application in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Enhancing the role of corporate social responsibility in controlling air pollution has always been an integral part of policies and strategies to promote sustainable development. However, does air pollution have a corresponding effect on the performance of corporate social responsibility? When confronted with severe air pollution, will small and medium-sized enterprises become more conscious of their mismanagement and strengthen their social responsibilities or be ‘laissez-faire’ in the fulfillment of social responsibilities? Through rigorous literature perusal, it appears that there is no literature addressing the issues raised above. Moreover, considering that an important reason for firms to fulfill social responsibilities is to relieve their financial constraints, the implementation of the green finance concept by financial institutions significantly impacts their fulfilling social responsibilities. Nevertheless, is local financial development truly green-oriented? Investigating this subject would help to improve the firms’ performance in carrying out their corporate social responsibility when it comes to addressing air pollution. Using data of A-share listed companies from 2014 to 2017, we investigated the relationship between urban air pollution, financial development and the local corporate social responsibility performance. The empirical results showed that air pollution had a significant negative impact on the listed companies’ fulfillment of corporate social responsibilities, which was steady in the regression discontinuity model after accounting for endogeneity. On the basis of measuring urban financial development level by the financial depth and breadth respectively, this paper found that although the marginal improvement of urban financial development level would increase corporate social responsibility performance as a whole, it would strengthen the negative effect of air pollution on corporate social responsibility performance. This suggested that urban financial development was not green-oriented, which might result in firms in high-polluting areas more inclined to be ‘laissez-faire’ rather than ‘conscious of mismanagement’ in fulfilling their social responsibilities. Besides, we also found that the above regulation effect had a heterogeneous impact on enterprises with different financial constraints. The regulation effect was more significant in firms with more serious financial constraints. According to our research, the government should be fully aware of the possibility that air pollution would decrease firm investment in social responsibility, and prevent the vicious circle between increasing air pollution and shrinking corporate environmentally friendly investment. Besides, the government should push financial institutions to actively put the green finance concept into practice when improving the financial development level, strengthen the positive incentive mechanism for corporate social responsibility performance, and consolidate the micro foundation for high-quality economic development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: The scarcity of land resources has become an important factor restricting the development of some hilly cities and cutting mountains for land creation has become the most effective way for these cities to obtain land resources. However, land creation will cause serious air pollution, and how to monitor the spread of dust generated by land creation is of great significance. Methods: In this paper, remote sensing image, digital elevation model, meteorological data and air quality monitoring data are collected. Remote sensing change detection technology, wind erosion model and Aermod are combined, giving a prediction method of dust from land creation in Lanzhou northern mountain area, and experiments are carried out on the land creation in Lanzhou from 2013 to 2017. Results: From the change detection, it can be seen that the newly‑added excavation area in Lanzhou northern mountain area shows a downward trend every year, while the Lanzhou new area has always been maintained at a relatively high level. And the direction of dust diffusion caused by land creation is consistent with the dominant wind direction in Lanzhou. Conclusions: Experimental results show that the dust pollution caused by wind erosion at the land creation area will affect the air quality of Lanzhou city and the influence degree is mainly determined by the scale of land creation, wind direction and speed, and the distance between the land creation area and the urban area. When the scale of land creation decreased and the main land creation area shifts to the north, the impact of air pollution in Lanzhou decreased, while the air quality around Lanzhou new area is still seriously affected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Air pollution is an undeniable atmospheric phenomenon. Most publications about air pollution are concerned with human risk perception regarding pollution particles and energy transition in relation to the restructuring of the carbon economy. Less attention has been paid to the politics of air and wind on the one hand and the interactions between human and “three-dimensional, voluminous environment of air and wind” on the other hand. This paper aims to fill this gap. Inspired by Volume Geography scholars in general and environmental anthropologist Tim Ingold in particular, we argue that the politics of air pollution and wind needs to be understood in the context of the “weather-world” (the “comingling” of humans and the weather). Although wind as voluminous environment seems intangible, humans can still “feel” the wind via what we call “fluid volume thinking.” Three features of fluid volume thinking can be identified: (1) local experience and knowledge tends to be both bodily and intuitive, (2) people’s daily thinking includes spatial directionality, and (3) people’s daily life corresponds to the spatial and temporal “rhythm” of the mixture of sea, land and air. This kind of fluid volume thinking can explain how the temporal and spatial relationship between residents, the atmosphere, and factories is socially and politically constructed in the face of air pollution. Our theoretical framework is further empirically examined through the case of Dalinpu in Kaohsiung, Taiwan, a fenceline community surrounded by heavy industry factories where the first environmentalist movement successfully terminated an industrial zone project in the name of the preservation of wind. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Air pollution, especially fine particulate matter (PM2 5) pollution, has a great negative impact on human production and normal life. It is a hot issue of global concern, and it is also a huge test for China' s high-quality socioeconomic development. Environmental absorption capacity (EAC) is the guarantee of the structure and function of a healthy atmospheric environmental system. It plays an important role in the automatic accommodation, absorption, and digestion of air pollutants produced by humans in the process of industrialization and civilization. Understanding the absorption capacity of environmental elements on PM2 5, and exploring the impact of EAC on PM2 5 concentration are of great significance to the development of new ideas for air pollution control. This paper constructed an index system to calculate the EAC index from two dimensions (natural resource endowment and impact of human activities), analyzed and discussed the impact of EAC on PM2 5 concentration and its heterogeneity effect through panel regression model, generalized panel quantile regression based on MCMC optimization and scenario analysis, by using the panel data of 30 provinces in China from 2004 to 2017. The results suggested that:① The overall level of national EAC was low, and the regional differences were large, EAC was influenced by natural resource endowment and human activities, while natural endowment was the main factor affecting EAC, and human activities were the main factor causing the fluctuation and the regional difference of EAC.② As the result of full sample regression demonstrated, the enhancement of EAC had a significant negative influence on the reduction of PM2 5 concentration. In areas with high PM2 5 concentration, the effect of EAC was more obvious, but the effect did not necessarily increase with the increase of PM2 5 concentration. Also, in extreme cases, the effect did not pass the significance test.③ According to the results of heterogeneity effect analysis, the effect of EAC on PM2 5 concentration was significantly negative in sustainability scenario and emergency scenario, while the effect was not significant in Soylent Green scenario. The conclusion provides important implications for the prevention and control of air pollution and the improvement of atmospheric environmental quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Understanding the genesis and evolution of the concept of carrying capacity scientifically is of great scientific value and realistic significance to carry out theoretical investigation and practical research of resources and environmental carrying capacity (RECC). With the perspective of natural resources and environment, in this paper, starting from the terminology of ecological carrying capacity established based on the maximum biomass of individual species, the terminology of resources carrying capacity (RCC) developed based on the relationship of human population and natural resources, to the terminology of environmental carrying capacity formed based on the relationship of human population and environment, and then to the integrated term of RECC oriented to regional sustainable development, the genesis and evolution process of RECC were comprehensively summarized in a longitudinal fashion. This preliminary review paper was typically relied on the currently available historical English literatures (e.g. published papers, books and reports) as well as some literatures in Chinese. This review paper showed that the term of Carrying Capacity originated in the fields of engineering and mechanism which belong to the study of Physics in 1840s. It then achieved continuous but controversial development in Ecology, Geography, Resource Science and Environmental Science. To our knowledge, the concept of RECC can be mirrored in the studies of energy carrying capacity and carrying capacity of animal husbandry in the earlier 1900s. It was not until the late 1940s that the examination of land carrying capacity symbolized the born of RCC. In the late 1990s, a comprehensive concept of carrying capacity or RECC was reported occasionally without gaining too much public attention. However, strictly speaking, the related analysis of RECC in China was just started in the early 2000s. Overall, the RECC related studies in China are currently at their developing stage featured by concept discussion and qualitative analysis, although the concept of RECC has gained much attention from national decision-making departments. In contrast, similar studies of RECC are seldom reported abroad. Entering the 21st century, labelled as an important indicator for describing the restriction degree of development, the practical importance of the RECC related studies is gaining and/or will gain more and more attention from the scientific community of natural resources and environment as well as the central government. For example, there were several projects supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China during 2016-2018. However, the concept of carrying capacity has seemingly become a ready-made panacea which is widely generalized in many research aspects or has a conceptualization tendency. In terms of these issues, it is necessary to clarify and rectify the genesis and evolution of RECC thoroughly and strengthen continuous studies of RECC from the perspectives of scientific connotation and theoretical basis, technical approaches and model parameters, as well as the standardization for practical utilization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on spatial correlation analysis and the dynamic spatial autoregressive model, this paper took AQI and six types of pollutants, including PM2.5, PM10,SO2, etc., as the research objects to explore the time-space agglomeration evolution characteristics and related synergistic factors of air pollution in '2 +26 +3' cities of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and surrounding areas from 2013 to 2018. This study found that: (1) Air pollution presented a complex evolutionary trend. AQI, PM2.5 and PM10 were mainly presented as local agglomeration of high-high type, while SO2, CO and O3 having agglomeration of both high-high type and low-low type; PM2.5, PM10 and SO2 had a high degree of global correlation, while CO and O3 were relatively weak; the local and global correlation of NO2 were not significant. (2) The 'space-time scale effect' of air pollution was very significant. As far as this region was concerned, economic and social development factors mainly had a positive impact, while impact of ecological protection factors were mainly negative, and the previous contribution was significantly higher than that of the latter. Comprehensive improvement of the air quality in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and surrounding areas can be promoted from four aspects: The first is to coordinate the 'unity of opposites' relationship between appeals for local development and objectives of regional collaborative governance, and to establish and improve the accounting and transfer payment (compensation) mechanism of interest difference in the region. The second is to coordinate the overall and local 'common but differentiated' joint defense and joint control mechanisms, to build a multi-center, compound joint governance system, and to guide refined governance with special responsibility goals. The third is to promote the construction of a regional 'three-dimensional integration' collaborative system, and to solve the 'greatest common divisor' of various regions to reach a solid cooperative alliance from the aspects of main functional zoning and clean capacity replacement. The fourth is to improve the reform of local government performance and promotion system, and to strengthen its internal motivation and sense of responsibility to be integrated into the regional coordination system by expanding the dimensions of environmental governance assessment and reducing the weight of economic indicators. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Compared with other regions, Northeast China has its unique characteristics of non-road mobile source emission inventories due to its long and cold winter. In this paper, the analysis was divided into Liaoning Province and Harbin-Changchun Megalopolis. Firstly, the emission inventory of non-road mobile sources was established based on technical guide for preparation of air pollutant emission list of non-road mobile sources (trial), and its emission and spatial-temporal distribution characteristics were analyzed. Secondly， the emissions in 2030 were forecasted based on the scenario analysis, taking into account of the relevant policy objectives. Finally， reasonable emission reduction recommendations were made. The results show that: 1) the emissions of PM10， PM2.5, NO.x, THC, and CO were 13.0×10³, 12.5×10³， 205.6×10³, 37.0×10³ and 101.1×10³ t, respectively; 2) construction machinery accounts for the largest share of emissions in the two urban agglomerations with 44.5%and 44.8% respectively; 3) the overall emission reduction can be improved by more than 50% under both the baseline scenario and the enhanced control scenario. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a main grain production equipment, the combine wheat harvester plays an important role in grain production, and its technological development level is an important indicator of the degree of agricultural modernization. However, during the harvesting process, the working parts of the harvester interact with the crop to be harvested, so that the dust originally attached to the surface of the crop is disturbed and separated from the surface of the organism, forming floating and flying dust, some of which are scattered around the harvester, seriously affecting The driver’s body is healthy; some infected plants carry diseased dust, which is more harmful to the human body; more dust is dispersed in the air with the wind, causing a wider range of air pollution and increasing the amount of inhalable particles in the air. This has become one of the sources of air pollution during the crop harvest season. In order to understand the dust generation status and the characteristics of the dust composition, this paper first conducts the dust concentration and distribution test on the operation site of the combine wheat harvester .The result is as the header and tail of harvester are the main areas where dust is generated, Excessive dust mass concentration will harm the health of workers .The characteristics of the dust sample was tested results as follows: the proportions of dust with a particle size of 10μm and 100μm or less are 45% and 92%, the dust is mostly composed of minerals, grease and carbohydrates. The dust measurement test revealed for the first time the dust generation and dust composition characteristics of combine wheat harvester operations in the rice-wheat (oil) rotation area in southern my country. On this basis, a dust suppression system installed on the combine wheat harvester was designed. The system adopts the working principle of negative pressure dust suction and filter cartridge dust collection. The system utilizes the power of the existing combine wheat harvester and can change the working parameters of the fan at any time to meet a variety of field working conditions. Conduct field tests on the dust suppression system. Through theoretical analysis to determine the main factors that affect the efficiency of the dust suppression system. Taking the harvester header dust suppression efficiency and harvester tail dust suppression efficiency as the test indicators, and the harvester speed, fan speed and environment humidity as the test factors. Using Box-Behnken central combination test method, the three-factor and three-level test are carried out. A mathematical regression model of various factors and test indicators was established. Through variance analysis and response surface analysis, the influence of harvester speed, fan speed and environment humidity on the test indicators is obtained. Use Design-Export8.0.6.1 data analysis software to fitting and optimization analysis of the test results, the optimal parameter combination is obtained as follows: harvester speed 3.73 km/h, fan speed 3 507 r/min, and ambient humidity 56%. On this condition, the efficiency of the header dust suppression is 76.8%,the efficiency of the tail dust suppression is 79.6%. The optimal working parameters are tested and verified to verify the feasibility of optimizing the optimal parameter combination, the minimum fan speed of the dust suppression system to meet the dust suppression requirements under difficult working conditions is 3 332 r/min. This research can provide a basis for the design of the harvester dust suppression system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Noise pollution has become the second major environmental issue after the air pollution. It negatively affects public health,animal and plant growth,that therefore seriously hinders the sustainable development of ecological environment. To obtain detailed noise distribution information,several countries have launched the noise mapping strategic action. This paper first summarizes the development roadmap of environmental noise sensing technologies in China,and discusses its current state. Then,a comprehensive survey of recent developments on acoustic sensor networks is provided in terms of system architecture,low-cost sensor node design,sound taxonomy and classification,as well as energy harvesting and mobile sound sensing. Based on that analysis,four open issues regarding energy-efficient sensing,lightweight sound noise identification,dependable wireless multimedia transmission and node deployment are identified. Finally,some insights for future research directions are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Developing scientific and effective air quality early warning system has important scientific and practical significance for protecting people's physical health and promoting social harmony and stability. Therefore, the isolation forest (iForest) algorithm is employed to analyze the outlier data in original air quality index (AQI) data, and then an effective air quality early warning system is developed in this paper. The system is consists of four modules:data preprocessing module, optimization module, forecasting module and correction module, which combines time varying filtering based empirical mode decomposition (TVF-EMD), modified butterfly optimization algorithm (MBOA), outlier robust extreme learning machine (ORELM), and nonlinear correction strategy, and successfully achieves effective early warning for air quality. In order to verify the effectiveness of the developed air quality early warning system, five cities with different air pollution level in China are employed for empirical research. The results show that:1) Compared with empirical mode decomposition (EMD), TVF-EMD can be more effective to reduce the nonlinear and non-stationary features of the original data; 2) The developed MBOA-based error nonlinear correction strategy is superior to other error correction strategies, which can significantly improve the performance of the early warning system; 3) The performance of the developed system is superior to other compared methods, which can provide effective early warning for cities with different air pollution level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to reduce the public air pollution exposure risk at daily comminuting time, a dynamic healthy-route searching algorithm (DHRSA) is proposed and consequently a healthy-route searching system is developed in this paper. The system can be applied to search the healthy-route dynamically, by integrating the land use regression air concentration mapping model, the exposure risk weight estimated model and the Dijkstra searching method. Through the case study of random tests for vehicle in the Changsha urban agglomeration area, results show that the potential population exposure risk can be reduced significantly through healthy-routes comparing to the shortest routes and the least travel time routes, which indicates the reliability and practical value of DHRSA and the healthy-route searching system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the continuous development of the economy and society, the problem of air pollution in China is becoming more and more serious especially in Hebei Province. Currently, Hebei Province has been one of the most serious areas of air pollution in China. The wind-blown dust, emitted from the earth’s surface to the atmosphere, has become one of the main components of air pollutants. The wind-blown dust has significant impacts on atmospheric phenomena and consequently on air quality. The wind-blown dust not only causes atmospheric pollution, but also changes the radiation balance of the ground and the acidity or alkalinity of the aerosol. It not only affects human health but also causes changes in the global climate system and ecosystem. In order to evaluate the PM10 of atmospheric pollutants in Hebei Province caused by wind-blown dust, the article set up parameters system of wind-blown dust production by Community Land Model 4.5 (CLM4.5) using remote sensing data, the ground meteorological data, the Land Data Assimilation System data and the land surface characteristic parameters production data with 1 km spatial resolution. The factors affecting the wind-blown dust include soil texture, wind speed, soil moisture, surface roughness, and the proportion of bare soil determined by vegetation coverage, surface freezing ratio, snow cover ratio, lakes and wetland ratio. Wind speed, soil moisture, vegetation coverage, snow cover area and freezing ratio change greatly with the seasons, so they are the sensitive factors of the wind-blown dust. This study provides the first estimates of the fine-scale spatial and temporal distribution of dust emissions from Hebei Province. The result shows that: The wind-blown dust annual emission flux of PM10 is 1.02 t/hm2 in 2013. The highest monthly emission flux is 0.28 t/hm2 in March, accounting for 27.6% of the whole year, and the lowest is July, accounting for only 0.2%. The dust emission flux of spring is 0.55 t/hm2, the summer is 0.015 t/hm2, the autumn is 0.18 t/hm2, and the winter is 0.28 t/hm2. That shows spring is the highest season and summer is the lowest season for wind-blown dust emission flux. There are obvious regional differences about wind-blown dust emissions in Hebei Province, the coastal plain of Cangzhou and Bashang plateau are the highest areas for dust emission flux, annual emission flux of which is 5.365 and 3.542 t/hm2 respectively, and Taihang Mountain piedmont plain is the lowest area, annual emission flux of which is 0.20 t/hm2. The result above shows CLM4.5 wind-blown dust model can well simulate the characteristics of spatial and temporal change in Hebei Province. Comparing the initial data of CLM4.5 with our study data, it presents the spatial resolution of initial data is very low, and not suitable for the simulation of the small area, in contrast, the local parameters we used including vegetation coverage, wind speed, soil moisture, the proportion of bare soil, lakes and wetland ratio data with high spatial resolution (1 km) have improved the accuracy of the simulation result. This paper is not only meaningful for evaluating the PM10 from wind-blown dust in Hebei Province, but also the first application to estimate wind-blown dust in the fine scale by CLM4.5 model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Firstly, based on the status quo of air pollution in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei province, the paper summarized three basic assumptions on inter-provincial cooperative air pollution control. Secondly, the paper constructed inter-provincial cooperative air pollution control game model which included the regional optimization model and the Shapley value allocation method. By solving the regional optimization model, the paper obtained the optimal reduction and reduction cost for each province. Then applying the Shapley value allocation method, the paper achieved the relatively fair distribution of the cooperation benefit among Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei province. Finally, the paper used the SO2 reduction of Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei province in 2009 as an example to carry out the empirical analysis. The results demonstrated the effectiveness and practicability of the model, and optimized simulation results of the model can be used as a reference for regional decision-making, such a win-win model will enhance regional cooperation in air pollution control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Along with the rapid development of industrialization, the environmental air pollution is increasingly serious. Investigation shows that air pollution may lead to respiratory disease, cardiovascular disease and cerebrovascular disease. In recent years, studies showed that air pollution also affected women health, especially the effect of air pollution on pregnancy complications has received extensive attention in the world. The gestational hypertensive disorder and gestational diabetes mellitus are the most common two pregnancy complications. The physiological characteristics of pregnant women, such as the increased blood volume, the increased cardiac load, leukocytosis, the accelerated slightly breathing frequency and the increased fat deposition, make pregnant women and fetus to be susceptible to pollutants and to increase exposure to air pollutants. In this paper, the relationship between air pollution and gestational hypertensive disorder and gestational diabetes was discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]