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Postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) after general anesthesia surgery significantly affect patient prognosis. However, there′s insufficient evidence to confirm if different airway management tools influence PPCs. Airway management tools used in general anesthesia surgery can be divided into two categories: supraglottic and subglottic. Among them, the laryngeal mask airway (LMA) and endotracheal tube (ETT) are typical representatives and are the two most widely used airway management tools in general anesthesia surgery. Therefore, it is necessary to review and evaluated the effects of these two mainstream airway management tools in general anesthesia surgery on PPCs, thus providing a theoretical basis for the selection of airway management tools during general anesthesia surgery in clinical practice.

In order to identify and classify the abnormal structures in coal-bearing strata more accurately, a POA−ELM model based on the pelican optimization algorithm (POA) and the extreme learning machine (ELM) is proposed. The performance of extreme learning machine is unstable because the input weights and hidden layer bias are generated randomly. The POA can be used to optimize the input weights and hidden layer bias of extreme learning machine, so as to improve the performance of extreme learning machine model. The POA−ELM model is applied to identify and classify the abnormal structures in coal-bearing strata. Firstly, three coal-bearing strata simulation models of small fault, scour zone and collapse column are established with the COMSOL Multiphysics5.5. The Ricker wave is the source signal. The in-seam wave signals are collected by wave transmission method, and the in-seam wave data set is established. Then the z-score method is used to standardize the in-seam wave data and the principal component analysis (PCA) is used to reduce the dimension. Secondly, the POA is used to optimize the extreme learning machine, and the POA−ELM classification model is constructed with MATLAB. The POA−ELM model is used to classify small fault, scour zone and collapse column. The classification performance of ELM and POA−ELM is evaluated and compared by cross-validation method and evaluation indices such as accuracy, precision and recall rate. The results show that the POA can effectively optimize the ELM, and the POA−ELM model has higher classification accuracy and better stability. The classification accuracy of POA−ELM for abnormal structures can reach more than 99%. Thirdly, in order to verify the classification effect of POA−ELM in practical applications, after wavelet de-noising, z-score standardization and PCA dimensionality reduction, the real fault in-seam wave data are used as the test set and imported into the POA−ELM model for classification. The results show that the identification accuracy of POA−ELM model for real fault can reach more than 97%. Finally, based on the same data set, the classification effects of POA−ELM, ELM, support vector machine (SVM) and BP neural network are compared. The results show that the identification and classification accuracy of POA−ELM model is the highest. Through research and analysis, the POA can effectively optimize the ELM, and the POA−ELM model can accurately classify different geological structures and effectively identify real faults, which is better than other methods.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic and progressive respiratory disease. Transcription factor T-bet is involved in the inflammatory response and lung function changes of COPD, which is expected to become a new target for the prevention and treatment of COPD. It might provide a new idea for the targeted research of COPD.

In order to evaluate the applicability of 110Cr13S oil casing steel in offshore oil and gas field development projects，the corrosion behavior of 110Cr13S steel in simulated high temperature，high pressure，CO2 and H2S coexisting corrosion environments under well of deep water oil and gas fields was studied using exposure corrosion tests，in-situ electrochemical tests，stress corrosion tests.Scanning electron microscopy，energy spectrometer，electrochemical workstation，slow strain rate tensile testing machine were used to study the corrosion morphology，corrosion product composition，electrochemical behavior and slow strain rate tensile curves of 110Cr13S oil casing steel under the conditions of 129.5 ℃，H2S partial pressure of 358 Pa and CO2 partial pressure of 2.754 MPa.Results showed that the average corrosion rate of 110Cr13S steel was 0.004 4 mm/a under the simulated deep sea oil and gas field well conditions，and a dense and complete passivation film was formed on the surface of the sample，which presented good corrosion resistance and excellent resistance to sulfide stress corrosion cracking.Therefore，110Cr13S oil casing steel was suitable for selecting oil casing materials for oil and gas well development under conditions of deep water，high temperature，high pressure，CO2 and H2S coexisting conditions.

近年新加坡與韓國高等教育在世界大學排名表現卓越，兩國紛紛邀請世界優秀大學至國內設校，並透過彈性的高等教育人事制度，有效吸引國際優秀人才。本研究以個案研究法進行研究，並以新加坡兩所大學、韓國五所大學進行多重個案研究，系統化比較分析新加坡及韓國高等教育人事制度，並以大學教師待遇與兼職制度為例進行分析。研究結果顯示，在大學教師薪資待遇及留才政策方面，新加坡大學之薪資待遇具高度彈性，韓國則依國家法令實施，此外，彈性之競爭性薪資待遇結構有效增進兩國高等教育機構留才與攬才之競爭力。在大學教師兼職制度方面，新加坡與韓國在兼職定義、法規規範等各方面皆有不同之作法，對於違規兼職的法律效果亦有不同。本研究綜合研究結果提出三點結論：一、新加坡與韓國高等教育機構在人事制度規範上具有相當之自主性；二、彈性的高等教育機構人事制度有助於大學留才與攬才；三、多元的津貼補助有助於提升高等教育機構競爭力。最後，本研究提出建議，供作臺灣在高等教育人事制度方面，留才、育才及攬才之可行制度與策略，以及制度改革之參據。 Research Motives and Purposes Singapore and South Korea, two of the four Asian tigers (in addition to Hong Kong and Taiwan), both have gross domestic products (GDPs) per capita higher than that of Taiwan. In world university rankings, the higher education institutions of South Korea and Singapore exhibit strong performance, reflecting their high competitiveness and ability to attract outstanding talent. The compensation package is the key to an organization’s recruitment and retention of talent, and is it also an essential motivating factor for employees to stay in the organization. Therefore, the compensation package provided by South Korean and Singaporean universities must be sufficiently attractive for attracting the aforementioned outstanding talent. Accordingly, this study investigated the influence of the personnel system regulations, the compensation package, and talent retention policies of South Korea and Singapore governments on their universities’ ability to attract and retain talent as well as on the competitiveness of the universities. Through a systematic comparison and analysis of the personnel systems of Singaporean and South Korean universities and by taking the compensation package and part-time employment systems of their university faculty as examples, this study provides references for Taiwanese higher education institutions that can be used to formulate feasible personnel systems and human resource strategies to promote the retention, cultivation, and recruitment of talent. Research Methods This study adopted the multiple-case design and recruited cases from South Korea and Singapore. Specifically, this study focused on the analysis of university faculty’s compensation package and part-time employment systems in South Korea and Singapore. The cases recruited in this study were from two universities in Singapore, including National University of Singapore and Nanyang Technological University and five universities in South Korea, including Pusan National University, Seoul National University, the University of Seoul, Korea University, and Sungkyunkwan University. The study also examined relevant regulations and documents of these univerisities for data triangulation. Research Results Regarding the university faculty’s compensation package in Singapore and South Korea, the results of this study demonstrate the following: 1. The university faculty’s compensation package in Singapore are highly flexible, whereas those of university faculty in South Korea are set in accordance with national laws and regulations. 2. A flexible and competitive compensation package can effectively promote the retention and recruitment of talent in higher-education institutions. Regarding regulations of the part-time employment of university faculty in Singapore and South Korea, the results demonstrate the following: 1. Higher education institutions have lenient definitions and regulations of the part-time employment of university faculty. 2. Higher education institutions are flexible about the competent authorities responsible for the approval of part-time work and about the relevant criteria. 3. The basic principle of part-time employment regulations in higher education institutions is to avoid conflicts of interest in all aspects, including the scope and criteria of part-time work institutions, the part-time work in for-profit or overseas institutions, and the termination of part-time work. 4. Higher education institutions adopt relatively lenient regulations regarding the scope of part-time employment in other institutions and the legal consequences of illegal part-time work. Conclusions and Suggestions By analyzing the faculty’s compensation package, talent retention policies, and the faculty’s part-time employment policies at two universities in Singapore and five universities in South Korea, this study comes to the following three conclusions: 1. Higher education institutions in Singapore and South Korea enjoy considerable autonomy regarding personnel system regulations. The Singapore government does not place excessive constraints or regulations on the personnel systems of higher education institutions; the universities are permitted to formulate such regulations on their own with a high degree of flexibility. Although South Korea has enacted a fundamental law to regulate relevant matters, the regulations established therein are lenient. In other words, national and public universities are permitted to formulate regulations flexibly within the constraints set by the law, thus enabling universities to maintain considerable autonomy. 2. Flexible personnel systems at higher education institutions promote the retention and recruitment of talent. The highly flexible and performance-oriented compensation package adopted by Singaporean universities effectively promote the retention and recruitment of outstanding faculty. South Korean higher education institutions employ competitive compensation package for part-time faculty, and their compensation package are determined by their performance and rankings. This enables the institutions to attract outstanding talent, thereby enhancing the competitiveness of higher education nationwide. 3. Diverse types of allowances and subsidies help attract and retain talent, thereby enhancing the competitiveness of higher-education institutions. The case study of the two aforementioned Singaporean universities revealed that both universities provide different types of subsidies and allowances for faculty from other countries. In addition to the basic salary, the aforementioned South Korean universities offer various types of nonfixed compensation for faculty. In particular, private universities are highly flexible in providing nonfixed compensation. Nonfixed allowances and subsidies help universities effectively retain talent. Based on the research results, this study proposes two suggestions for the reference of domestic law authorities in formulating regulations of the personnel systems of Taiwanese higher education institutions, as follows: 1. Encouraging faculty to take part-time jobs that are consistent with their regular work and the universities’ interests. The Singaporean government does not impose explicit and compulsory regulations on the part-time employed of faculty employed by higher education institutions, and Singaporean universities are permitted to manage such matters independently. Although South Korea regulates the part-time employment of university faculty, the government allows for moderate flexibility instead of prohibiting part-time employment altogether. South Korean universities are permitted to formulate flexible regulations of part-time employment. We suggest that Taiwan government learn from the practices of Singapore and South Korea governments, allowing for greater flexibility for faculty wanting to work part-time as long as their part-time jobs are consistent with their regular work and the universities’ interests. The power of regulating part-time employment among university faculty can be granted to universities, so that faculty may work part time in industries and create benefits from industry-academia cooperation. 2. Providing flexible and competitive compensation package for university faculty. The performance-oriented compensation package of Singaporean universities motivate university faculty to strive for better performance to obtain higher compensation package. South Korean universities offer nonfixed compensation to enhance the competitiveness of their employees, thus effectively attracting outstanding talent. We suggest that Taiwan government develop more flexible compensation package for university faculty to enable universities to offer more attractive compensation packages as a strategy to recruit outstanding talent, thereby enhancing the international competitiveness of Taiwanese universities.

Objective: To investigate the gut microbiota distribution and antibiotic resistant genes (ARGs) carrying- status in the girls with precocious puberty (PP). Methods: A total of 29 girls were enrolled in the study, including 21 girls with precocious puberty (PP) [11 girls with central precocious puberty (CPP group), 10 girls with premature thelarche (PT group)], and 8 age-matched healthy girls (NC group). The fecal samples were analyzed to explore difference in composition of gut microbiota and ARGs numbers between the PP (CPP+PT) and NC groups using shotgun metagenomic sequencing. Results: The composition and abundance of gut microbiota in the PP girls were different from the NC girls. The relative abundances of top three gut microbiota in CPP, PT and NC girls were 50.03%, 37.73% and 67.61% for Firmicutes, 33.00%, 43.26% and 10.32% for Bacteroidetes, and 4.26%, 4.22% and 11.16% for Actinobacteria. Compared with the NC girls, the PP girls had a significantly higher abundance of Bacteroidetes (P=0.034) and much lower abundance of Firmicutes (P=0.006) and Actinobacteria (P

Drawing inspiration from the morphological characteristics of the creatures in nature, imitating and learning from the excellent aerodynamic shape to obtain better flight performance is the basic idea of the design of morphological bionic aircraft.This paper introduces the development background of morphological bionic aircraft, and analyzes two research process of morphological bionic aircraft "top-down" and "bottom-up";According to the categories of bird-like aircraft, fish-like aircraft and other bionic aircraft, the current development status is introduced respectively.The key technologies such as the extraction method of shape features, the method of solving problems in aircraft design process referring to the excellent biological characteristics, identification of aerodynamic parameters of bionic aircraft and other key technologies, and the inspection method of morphological bionic result are explored, and the future development trend of the morphological bionic aircraft is summarized.The content of this article is of certain reference significance for the design of morphological bionic aircraft.

It is well recognized that the flexibility of state machine design brings developers high efficiency and convenience, but it also introduces three typical problems: the output errors caused by the state logic and timing dependence, the huge load of computing caused by the historical data caching, and the uncontrollable outputs caused by the close-coupling between states. The problems still exist in software detail design and coding. Without changing state machines' functionalities and following principles of constraint conditions, the paper carries out an equivalent transformation of state machine from both time-complexity and cyclomatic complexity dimensions. The transformation forms a general process of optimization, involves merging or splitting the original state and decision condition, recombining the split or merged state according to the metamodel definition, and adding the transition condition. An optimization algorithm is proposed for three typical problems, the algorithm is used to test the state machine before and after optimization, and the feasibility of the algorithm is verified from the time-complexity and cyclomatic complexity. The practical meaning of the study is that it provides an applicable method for software detail design and refactoring especially in the area of real-time control systems or safety critical systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aiming at the security and efficiency of commuter vehicles accessing services from road side unit (RSU) in Internet of vehicles (IoV), a two-stage authentication and key agreement protocol was proposed. In the initial authentication phase, the three independent session keys, negotiated among the vehicle, the RSU, and the trusted authority (TA), were utilized to safeguard the privacy of transmitted data between two entities from interception by third-party entities. In the fast authentication phase, the vehicle and RSU utilized the vehicle's travel schedule to reach the high-efficiency mutual-authentication. The vehicle anonymity and anonymous traceability were supported by the protocol, and the privacy leakage such as commuting routes was prevented. Additionally, the security of the protocol was proven by a random oracle. In a typical commuting scenario, the simulation results show that the protocol outcomes a reduction in computation overhead by 59.35% and communication overhead by 44.21%, compared to existing similar literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Coronary artery spasm （CAS） is a hyper-contraction of segmental coronary artery in response to multiple stimuli. At present, it’s still in lack of specific diagnostic indicators of sudden cardiac death caused by CAS. This review summarizes current researches on the mechanisms of CAS and describes the roles of vascular endothelial dysfunction and vascular smooth muscle hypersensitivity in the course of CAS. Furthermore, the molecular mechanisms of the endogenous NO and endothelin-1 cause vascular endothelial dysfunction, and the phosphorylation of MLC2, Rho kinase and endoplasmic reticulum stress related to vascular smooth muscle hypersensitivity are discussed. Meanwhile, the possibility of forensic application for the related molecules on the diagnosis of sudden cardiac death caused by CAS are also explored.

Bentonites are widely distributed and developed in several layers in the Ordovician-Silurian boundary, which is of great significance for the study of stratigraphic chronology, stratigraphic correlation, event stratigraphy and mass extinction in the penod. The zircon U-Pb dating of bentonites in the bottom of Upper Ordovician-Lower Silurian Longmaxi Formation in Yongshan area on the western margin of Yangtze Plate yields the weighted average age of 443.5± 1.7 Ma, which defines the sedimentary age of the strata and provides a reliable basis for the study of Ordovician-Silurian volcanic eruption event and stratigraphic chronology on the western margin of Yangtze Plate, as well as basic information for the establishment of Ordovician-Silurian high-resolution stratigraphic framework on the periphery of Yangtze Plate. The trace element characteristics of zircon show the features of I-type granite formed in magmatic arc or organic belt. The multi-stage and high-frequency volcanic activity in the Late Ordovician-Early Silurian is possibly the dominant factor causing the mass extinction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To explore the mediating role of medical staff's autonomous motivation in the association between job requirements and job performance and to provide countermeasures and suggestions for improving medical staff's job performance. Methods By the convenience sampling method, 901 medical staff from 6 hospitals in Hangzhou were surveyed with the job demand scale, the autonomous motivation scale, and the job performance scale. The structural equation model was used to analyze the direct and indirect effects of job demand and autonomous motivation on job performance. Results Finally, 813 valid questionnaires were collected, with an effective recovery rate of 90.2%. In terms of job performance, the married medical staff scored higher, while those without a professional title or with working time less than 5 years scored lower (P < 0.05). The job requirements had a direct impact on job performance (β = 0.30, P < 0.01), which was indirectly affected through autonomous motivation (β = 0.069, P < 0.01), and the indirect effect percentage was 18.70%. Conclusions Autonomous motivation had a positive mediating effect on the association between job demands and job performance. Hospital managers should pay more attention to the working feelings of medical staff and give targeted guidance to medical staff with different levels of motivation to improve their autonomous motivation and, furthermore, to improve their work performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The solid waste of sand and gravel mines is the solid waste produced in the production of machine-made sand and gravel aggregates. More resource-based treatment and disposal methods are needed to meet the requirements of green development of sand and gravel mines. In this paper, the chemical composition, extrusion molding properties and sintering properties of the sand and stone mine solid waste samples were investigated through the sintering brick preparation test, using the sand and stone mine solid waste as a single brick raw material with the main chemical components of silicon oxide, aluminum oxide and iron oxide. The results show that among the five sandstone mine solid waste samples, the chemical composition and extrusion molding performance of HF, HQ and ZH not only basically meet the requirements of brick making, but also the compressive strength after sintering is 11.8,18.3 and 19.4 MPa, the water absorption is 16.9%, 15.6% and 15.9% respectively, and the total shrinkage rate after sintering is 2.39%, 2.52% and 3.72% respectively, which can also meet the requirements of GB5101--2017 "Sintered ordinary bricks". There- fore, they can be used as plastic raw materials for brick making and have the technical feasibility of resource utilization in the sintered brick industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to seek green and natural preservatives for fruits, the common spoilage microorganisms and their characteristics were analyzed. Seven essential oils of Origanum vulgare L, Cinnamomum cassia Presl, Thymus mongolicus Ronn, Syzygium aromaticum (L.) Merr. Et Perry, orange peel, mustard and Litsea cubeba (Lour.) Pers. were analyzed for their inhibitory effects on common fruit spoilage bacteria. Thymol, carvacrol, cinnamaldehyde, citral, and eugenol 5 monomeric components were found in many plant essential oils, and some of those components were rich in the above oils such as orange peel, which may be the material basis for the significant antibacterial and bactericidal effects of the plant essential oils. The analysis concluded that the plant essential oil and its monomeric components on the common fruit spoilage bacteria inhibition mechanism mainly included the following five ways: damaging the cell wall, cytoplasmic membrane, enhancing membrane's permeability that results in cytoplasm, nucleic acid and protein leakage and affects the exchange of substances, etc; reducing or inhibiting the reproduction and germination of mold spores, which causes the mycelium to be twisted and broken, lysing and dying; the mitochondrial membrane potential undergoes hyperpolarization, whereas the activity of key enzymes of the TCA cycle is inhibited, and the redox reaction system is disrupted; the synthesis of ATP and the activity of respiratory enzyme systems are inhibited, and energy metabolism becomes abnormal; the normal synthesis of DNA and RNA is interfered or the degradation of RNA is accelerated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Along with the decline of the feudal rule, the art of making Beijing Palace carpet flowed into the folk. As an intangible cultural heritage integrating traditional Chinese painting, brocade, embroidery and architectural decoration, the art has been declining. In this paper, the history of Beijing Palace carpet weaving techniques was summarized, the weaving equipment and craft process was outlined through literature review and field survey, and based on the present intangible skills live condition protection concepts, Beijing Palace carpet survival development was considered, and the reason of Beijing Palace carpet weaving skills get into difficulty was deduced, and the reasonable countermeasures were put forwarded. It is believed that increasing publicity, using digital technology and improving innovation consciousness can help to expand the path of Palace blanket weaving technology and product communication, optimize the storage mode of technology and improve the modern attributes of products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Imperial Hotel Tokyo, Japan is a representative work of Frank Lloyd Wright. Entrance central hall of hotel which was moved to Meiji Mura Museum is still an important site for studying Wright's architectural theory and style. By combing the protection movement of the Imperial Hotel, the social background and protection concept from architectural characteristics, protection concept and urban construction are analysed. Taking the protection and utilization project of the Imperial Hotel as an example, the specific contents and implementation status of the conservation methods such as "style protection", "relocation conservation" and "field museum exhibition" are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

From 1930 to 1932, as an architect and responsible engineer, Liu Shiying designed Xueyi Society Building, his first modernist work in Shanghai. Based on the records of the time, this paper studies the construction process and maintains that it was a modern building aiming at higher level but achieving lower in architectural art. Such experience influenced Liu's ideas about modern architecture in three aspects: principals, methods and practices. From these findings, it could be concluded that Liu Shiying's pursuit of modernity was not at all confined to styles, but implemented innovations in architectural art to encourage culture and eventually improve the society. It will provide novel historical significance and contemporary values to re-understand and study the works and experiences of Liu Shiying and other early Chinese architects from this perspective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper describes the regeneration mechanism of electrochemical regeneration technology, and emphatically introduces the effects of current density, regeneration time, electrolyte, electrolyte mass concentration, pH value and regeneration position on GAC regeneration efficiency, and the reactor for electrochemical regeneration of GAC. Finally, the development trend of electrochemical regeneration method is discussed, and it is pointed out that optimizing mechanism, developing other technologies based on electricity, and exploring the combination of electrochemistry and other technologies are the future research focuses of electrochemical regeneration of granular activated carbon. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and purpose: The current treatment of ovarian cancer is surgery and adjuvant platinum-based chemotherapy. However, relapse and drug resistance are common. We have demonstrated the platelet-activating factor receptor (PAFR) is highly expressed in epithelial ovarian cancer, promoting ovarian cancer cell proliferation and invasion. The objective was to explore the effect of PAFR expression on cisplatin (CDDP) in ovarian cancer cells to provide novel theoretical basis for ovarian cancer therapy. Methods: The upregulation of PAFR in CDDP-treated ovarian cancer cells was observed using Western blot and real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RTFQ-PCR). The role of nuclear factor Kappa-B (NF-κB)/p65 and hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) in modulating PAFR expression was assessed using Western blot, siRNA and immunofluorescence. The effect of PAFR on CDDP sensitivity was observed using a pharmacological inhibitor and siRNA knockdown. Results: CDDP induced dose- and timedependent upregulation of PAFR in two ovarian cancer cell lines (P<0.01). The downregulation of PAFR by CDDP correlated with the inhibitions of NF-κB and HIF-1α which were accumulated by CDDP in the nucleus. Inhibition of PAFR expression by PAFR specific small molecule antagonist WEB2086 or RNA interference could significantly improve the sensitivity of ovarian cancer cells to CDDP. The cell proliferation ability decreased significantly (P<0.01), while the apoptotic rate increased significantly (P<0.01). Increased expression of PAFR activated downstream AKT and ERK pathways in CDDP-treated cells. Conclusion: CDDP induces upregulation of PAFR by accumulating NF-κB and HIF-1α in the nucleus. PAFR inhibition may modulate the CDDP sensitivity in ovarian cancer cells, which is a novel and promising therapeutic target for sensitizing ovarian cancer cells to CDDP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aiming at the output consensus problem of multi-agent nonlinear systems with heterogeneous communication delay and data loss, a networked multi-agent predictive control method was proposed. Firstly, the method of combining input-output feedback linearization and distributed rolling optimization was used to solve the prediction problem of nonlinear systems. The introduction of an active compensation mechanism for communication constraint overcomed the conservative problem of traditional controllers to achieve output consistency only under the maximum allowable delay. Secondly, the coordination and control costs between agents were introduced. The control objectives and system constraints were comprehensively considered, which made the designed coordination controller more physically meaningful and easier to implement. The introduction of distributed controllers greatly reduced the computational burden of large scale networked multi- agent control systems. Finally, in the MATLAB/Simulink environment, the algorithm was applied to a distributed microgrid with four power generation units to solve its voltage recovery. The research results show that the proposed networked distributed predictive control scheme can effectively solve the communication constraints encountered by multi-agent systems, and enable the system to achieve output consistency under certain performance index. The microgrid can be controlled at a lower cost to realize the active compensation of the delay and the fast-tracking of the given 380 V voltage value. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Baking-free bricks were prepared by using river silt instead of stone nitrate and mixed with a certain amount of phosphogypsum. This paper studied the moisture content, water absorption, density, shrinkage, softening coefficient, compressive strength, frost resistance and other performance of baking-free brick, analyzed the effect of river silt and phosphorus gypsum contents on the properties of baking-free bricks. Study found that when the river silt content was 18%, various properties of baking-free brick has increased, the addition of phosphogypsum can affect the performance of baking-free brick, but when the content is controlled in a certain amount.it can also achieve the requirements of standard GB/T 21144-2007 "Solid concrete bricks". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to provide a scientific basis for the exploration of new ideas and new methods to improve the level of the national health literacy through the comprehensive analysis of the basic situation and influencing factors of the residents' environmental and health literacy level in Hubei Province in 2018, 2885 non collective residents aged 15~69 in 12 communities (administrative villages) in Hubei Province were investigated by multi-stage cluster random sampling. The influencing factors of residents' environmental and health literacy were analyzed by chi-square test. Chi-square was used to analyze the trend of the degree of environmental and health literacy with the change of education level. If P<0.05, then the difference between the data is considered statistically significant. Results indicated that the proportion of environmental and health literacy in Hubei Province was 17.4%, among which the literacy of the basic concept, basic knowledge and basic skill were 32.6%, 7.0% and 31.3%. The overall level of residents' environmental and health literacy decreased with the education level. (72.7% of the residents with master's degree or above have environmental and health literacy, 3.4% of the residents with primary school or below have environmental and health literacy. The Mantel-Haenszei chi-square test indicated that χ²=384.047, P<0.05). The proportion of environmental and health literacy of residents in Hubei Province is 17.4%. The influencing factors are complex. Scientific popularization and education of environmental and health should be strengthened in key areas. Behavioral intervention should be adopted according to the characteristics of the population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objectives] In order to solve the problems of high resistance, undeal effect and large dosage in the control of Tetranychus urticae in orchards, the control effects of registered pesticides and pesticides in use in orchards on Tetranychus urticae were evaluated. [Methods] The toxicity of 10 registered pesticides and 9 pesticides in use in orchards on T. urticae were bioassayed in lab. [Results] Eighty percentage of the registered pesticide got bad effect, which was less than 66.67%. Only Amitraz and Avermectin had more than 92.68% control effect in 48 hours. Spirodiclofen, tebufenozide and thiacloprid, which are used currently in orchards, all showed good control effect, which could reach 84.09%-100% within 48 hours. [Conclusion] At present, more than 80% of the registered single pesticides have lost their control effect on T. urticae, which is the main reason for the bad control effect in orchards. Spirodiclofen, tebufenozide and thiacloprid, have good control effect on T. urticae. our result suggests to add the registration of highly effective pesticides or change the pesticides, which can ensure the control effect, reduce the dosage of pesticides and increase the accuracy of medication system in orchards. Controlling T. urticae should not only rely on chemical pesticides, but also give full play to the natural control function of the orchard ecosystem, to decrease the insecticide-resistance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objectives] To compare the flight ability of Drosophila suzukii and D. melanogaster. [Methods[ A flight mill system was used to measure the flight ability of 1-7 day-old male and female D. suzukii and D. melanogaster for 22-24h, after which differences in relevant flight parameters were tested for significance. [Results] One day-old adults had the shortest flight duration, velocity and distance. There were subsequently two peaks in flight capacity; the first at 2 days of age in D. suzukii and at 3 day of age in D. melanogaster, and the second at 15 days of age when the longest total flight distance was recorded for females of both species. Fifteen day old female and male D. suzukii, and female D. melanogaster, had the longest total flight distance, whereas the longest flight distance, and flight time, recorded for male of D. melanogaster was achieved by 3 day old individuals. [Conclusion] The flight ability of D. suzukii and D. melanogaster are related to age and sex and females of both species have stronger flight capacity than males. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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[Objectives] To explore the effects of temperature on the development, predation and biological control potential of Aphidoletes aphidimyza larvae. [Methods] The development, predation and predatory functional response were investigated under different temperatures. [Results] Developmental duration and predation decreased with increasing temperature from 18 °C to 30 °C. At 22-30 °C, aphids were first eaten in the 3rd to 4th day of egg production, followed by a peak of predation over the following 1-2 days. There was a significant increase in predation by 3rd instar larvae with increased density at 22-30 °C. At 18-30 °C, the functional response of A. aphidimyza 3rd instar larvae to R. maidis approximated a Holling II model, daily maximum numbers of aphids preyed on by A. aphidimyza were 30.9, 33.0, 35.2 and 48.9, respectively. The highest instantaneous attack rate was 0.985 at 26 °C, the shortest handling time was 0.02 d at 30 °C, and control ability was strongest at 30 °C. [Conclusion] Higher temperatures speed the development and improve the predatory capacity of A. aphidimyza. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, taking the dyeing sludge as the research object,the experimental research on sludge briquette is carried out by different water content control,different dyeing sludge incorporation quantity. The relevant performance indexes of the test specimens are characterized mainly by measuring the compressive strength,saturated water absorption and sintering shrinkage of the samples. It is concluded that the proper dyeing sludge content used in the test is 15%, the sintering temperature of brick using dyeing sludge should control in 800 °C. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The influence of large amount of mineral admixtures on the working performance of self-compacting concrete was studied by selecting fly ash and mineral powder as the admixtures to replace cement in equal amount, and takes single admixture of fly ash (0-40%), single admixture of mineral powder (0-40%) and combined admixture of fly ash and mineral powder (total amount 40%) respectively. The experimental results show that when the content of fly ash is 30%, the fluidity of slurry is the largest: when the content of mineral powder is 10%, the fluidity of slurry is the largest: the incorporation of fly ash and mineral powder will make the wrapping performance of the self-compacting concrete slurry better, and at the same time the consistency of the slurry will increase, increasing the flow resistance. 30% of fly ash and 10% of mineral powder respectively can make the flow performance of self-compacting concrete reach the best state: the flow performance of self-compacting concrete can reach the best state when a large amount of fly ash (30%) and mineral powder (10%) are added. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the effects of sand fineness and types, sand content, heavy calcium powder content and chemical additives (water reducer) content on the performance and mechanical properties of high flow mortar were studied. The results show that the fineness and types of sand have a great influence on the fluidity and strength of high-fluid mortar; under similar flow conditions, the larger the amount of sand added, the smaller the water consumption, the first increase and then decrease the 7 d strength; when the amount of sand added is 54.1%, the 7d strength is the largest; and when the amount of heavy calcium powder is larger, the fluidity of mortar increases first and then tends to be flat. Slow, 7d strength increases first and then decreases, the optimum content of heavy calcium powder is about 14%, when the content of water reducer is 0.3%, the flow state of mortar is the best. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objective] The cadmium pollution situation in Guangxi paddy fields and the measures of reduce cadmium content in rice were studied to provide scientific references for soil cadmium pollution control in Guangxi. [Method ] The contents of Cd in 157 soil samples from cultivation layer(0-20 cm), which were taken from main rice producing areas in Guangxi,were determined. The environment quality of soil was assessed with the single factor index and the potential ecological risk of paddy soil was evaluated with the potential ecological risk index of Hakanson. And the field experiment of silicon fertilizer spraying to reduce Cd content of brown rice was conducted. The experiment included four treatments none silicon fertilizer as a control treatment;silicon fertilizer 750 kg/ha in soil; spray 0.2% nanometer silicon 1500 L/ha; silicon fertilizer 750 kg/ha in soil and spraying nanometer silicon 1500 L/ha. [Result]The range content and the mean contents of Cd in paddy soil samples were 0.02-7.33 mg/kg, 0.53 mg/kg respectively. The Cd content of 35.03%!soil samples was higher than the standard II of the national environment standard quality for soils. Compared with the controls silicon fertilizer treatments were significantly reduce the Cd content in rice. Among them, compared with the control treat-ment, the treament of silicon fertilizer 750 kg/ha in soil and spraying nanometer silicon 1500 L/ha was the best, the Cd content of rice decreased 73.45%; the Cd content of rice of the treament of spraying nanometer silicon 1500 L/ha of decreased 62.07% and the Cd content of rice of treament of silicon fertilizer 750 kg/ha in soil decreased 34.48%. [Conclusion]Paddy soil in Guangxi was mainly slightly or moderately polluted by Cd. Cd in paddy soil showed middle or high potential ecological risk. Silicon fertilizer application could reduce the Cd content of brown rice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objective]The breeding system and promotion model of improved crop variety in Burundi were studied to provide references to enhance the cooperation between China and the Republic of Burundi (Burundi for short). [Method] Aimed to agricultural improved varities of Burundi, the basic utilization situation, administrative management and promotion systems, breeding models and main achievements were introduced and analysed. As for existing problems, some targeted suggestions for development were put forward. [Result]In recent years, the amounts of main food crop seeds used in Burundi remained relatively stable. Among which, there was an increasing trend of amount for seeds used of pea bean, peanut, potato, rice and so on. Burundi had mainly established systems for seed breeding and promotion and had achieved mainly self-sufficiency of improved seeds. There were two breeding systems viz., the folk breeding system and national breeding system. While due to the backwardness of breeding technology, poor quality and high breeding cost, the outputting efficiency of improved varities was relatively lower, especially the commercial seeds, which was not consistent with utilization situation of improved seeds. While the organization for agricultural technology promotion system was relatively perfect in Burundi, the operating efficiency for promotion was relatively lower, owing to the single promoting subject, lack of promotion expense, low-quality technicians to spread agricultural technology and backwardness of promotion means and conditions. [Suggestion] Some suggestions of development were put forward to establish breeding system and promotion model dominated by government, put science ahead to play a role of scientific support in development, and open market depending on enterprise innovation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Algebra system is a structural model based on concept lattice, and it is a newly developing structural model which needs further enhancement and extension, so it need take more time to research and exploration. For the above missing point, firstly, this paper explained the N algebra system, W algebra system and algebra system in cognitive informatics. Secondly, it discussed comparative analysis among above three core contents of algebra system. Finally, it proved N algebra system belongs to W algebra system. The conclusions of this paper lay a solid foundation and support for further develop of algebra system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aiming at the Petrochemical Industries Co GB201 compressor unit, the shaft displacement and shaft vibration signal of the turbine side appeared mutation phenomenon, the grounding brush for steam turbine, the BENTLY 3500 grounding system and the static electricity causes were researched. The unit could not be stopped, only to analyse related factors which could lead to malfunction. Exclude factors could be excluded, the steam turbine grounding brush was inspected and replaced on-line, the BENTLY 3500 grounding system was inspected and the influence of rotor electric or magnetic was analysised. Finally, it was determined that the static electricity from the lube oil by high speed rotor and bearing extrusion friction, and the bearing house was too larger to the joint of the TSI probe in the bearing house, the joint was soaked in the lube oil which temperature is 50° for a long time, the insulation may become worse, the electrostatic was accumulated to the joint, resulted electric charge accumulation and mutation phenomenon.After the unit was overhaul, the bearing house was opend and inspected, the prode joints were isolated afresh, when the unit was running again it was back to normal. The results indicate that the signal mutation is because of the static electricity from the lube oil by high speed rotor and bearing extrusion friction and the insulation of the TSI probe's joint is failure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]