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BackgroundWhen the suspended dipole field coils experience significant disturbances during the operation of the suspended dipole field device, the Tilt-Slide-Rotate (TSR) coils are used to control the attitude of the dipole field coils, thereby preventing them from losing control.PurposeThis study aims at attitude control of dipole fields by coil forces of the TSR coils with relatively complex geometric structures.MethodsBased on the line segment approximation method, the modeling and analysis were conducted for scenarios where the dipole field coils return to their balanced position under conditions of dipole field tilt and offset by controlling the magnetic forces generated by the TSR coils on both opposite and same sides. The coupling magnetic field between the TSR coils and the dipole field coils was calculated, and the magnetic field line structure was analyzed. The excitation magnetic field of the TSR coils, in the form of sinusoidal currents, was simulated to induce azimuthal magnetic disturbances. Analysis was performed on the magnetic field line structure and phase of the perturbation magnetic field on the Poincaré section at the equatorial plane. [Results and Conclusions] If only one group of TSR coils on the same or opposite sides is used to control the dipole field coils to restore equilibrium, exhibited mechanical instability needs necessitating coordinated control by multiple sets of TSR coils. Applying pseudo-sinusoidal currents to all TSR coils induces compression and stretching effects on the background dipole magnetic field. By controlling the current of the TSR coils to control the phase of the compression position, the feasibility of controlling the attitude of the dipole field coils with multiple TSR coils has been validated. However, this process may also cause drift in the background magnetic field and the formation of open magnetic field lines, which could drive plasma instabilities and lead to particle loss.

Network security has become a major issue related to national security and development and the vital interests of the people. The network security situation is also becoming increasingly severe. Network attacks endanger political security, social stability, economic development and cultural construction. International competition in cyberspace is in the ascendant. This system identifies and warns potential network risks from multiple dimensions, takes effective measures to block the attack before the attack is successful, which can ensure the stable operation of the information system.

In the face of complex forms of network security, attackers often use a large number of information investigation, vulnerability utilization and confusion technologies to carry out malicious activities or destruction in the network. Although the current network security situational awareness platform finds and monitors the utilization process of new vulnerabilities as much as possible, the accuracy of attack prediction are not satisfactory. It is necessary to study more advanced algorithms based on the current prediction technology to automatically associate security events with the corresponding assets and attack types, carry out early warning and risk assessment for possible network security attacks to achieve accurate prediction of network security events.

Autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis (ARCI) is a rare hereditary cornification disorder presented with abnormal skin scaling. In this paper, we used next-generation sequencing to determine the variants in a Chinese ARCI patient. We used sanger sequencing to verify bidirectionally the DNA from the proband and her parents. Results showes that two compound heterozygous variants (c.235G > T and c.641delG) in CYP4F22 gene, and both of the mutations are novel. The parents were heterozygous carriers. The two variants are classified as pathogenic variants based on interpretation guidelines. The compound heterozygous mutations in CYP4F22 gene were the causative mutations responsible for ARCI in proband.

For the inaccuracy of empirical heat loads for spindle thermal simulations,a thermal simulation analysis method onto motorized spindle unit is proposed.Firstly,the fluid-solid-heat coupling simulation model of the motorized spindle unit is established by Ansys Workbench,with the coolant dynamic heat transfer and thermal resistances of bearing inner-spindle shaft and outer rings-bearing housing being considered.Secondly,based on the simulation model,genetic algorithm is used to optimize and correct the heat generation values of spindle motor/beairngs and ambient heat transfer coefficients.The corrected values above are used as thermal loads for thermal simulation modeling of motorized spindle unit.Based on the model,the dynamic relationship between the heat dissipation power of the coolants and the heat generation power of spindle motor/beairngs is studied.Finally,the model accuracy is verified by the spindle temperature testing experiment.The results show that the optimization correction model can effectively improve the temperature field simulation accuracy of the motorized spindle unit,and the spindle structure and the coolant reach the optimal heat-heating balance when the coolant supply temperature is about 2℃ lower than the ambient temperature.

Light-induced greening of tubers seriously affects its safety and economic benefits, but the mechanism of light-induced chlorophyll synthesis in potato tubers remains unclear. In this study, the related metabolites of potato tubers with different light durations were analyzed. The results were as follows: When the light duration prolonged, the chlorophyll content of the tubers gradually increased. Moreover, the chlorophyll content increased significantly at 36 hours, with which the tuber skin turned green obviously. Transcriptome sequencing and bioinformatics analysis were carried out on the samples taken at 0 hour, 6 hours, and 36 hours, and 5646 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified. According to the co-expression cluster analysis and quantitative RT-PCR verification results, 9 major structure genes of chlorophyll biosynthesis pathway (StGAS1, StCHLD, StCrd1, StHEMA, StGUN4, StPORA, StUROD, StCHLM, and StCHLG) and 6 transcription factors (StSBP, StLSD, StGATA, StWRKY, StMYB-like, and StMYB113) were significant induced. Predictions of the cis-acting elements of the promoter sequences of these 9 structural genes indicated that they all contained multiple MYB binding sites. Promoter element analysis and transcriptional activation validation further revealed that StMYB113 had a light-responsive element and could activate the expression of StUROD in tobacco. Therefore, StMYB113 may be light-responsive and be able to regulate potato tuber greening in the light. This study provides a reference for the research on the regulatory mechanism of light-induced chlorophyll synthesis in potato tubers, which is important for reducing the loss caused by greening of potato tubers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To evaluate the cost-utility of insulin degludec (IDeg) versus insulin glargine U100 (IGlar U100) and insulin glargine U300 (IGlar U300) in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods From the perspective of health system, based on the IQVIA CORE diabetes model, the long-term medical costs and health outcomes of treatment with IDeg, IGlar U100 and IGlar U300 were calculated and an incremental cost-effectiveness analysis was performed. Health outcomes included life years and quality adjusted life year (QALY), and medical costs included drug cost, disease management cost and complication treatment cost. The price of insulin adopted the price of national volume-based procurement. The simulation model runs for 30 years at a discount rate of 5%. The robustness of the results was evaluated by one-way sensitivity analysis and probabilistic sensitivity analysis. Results Compared with the IGlar U100 group, the quality of life in IDeg group was gained by 0.060 QALY, the direct medical cost was increased by RMB 158 Yuan, and the ICER was RMB 2 639 Yuan/QALY. Compared with the IGlar U300 group, the quality of life in IDeg group was gained by 0.085 QALY, the direct medical cost was reduced by RMB 1 402 Yuan. Sensitivity analysis verified the robustness of the results. Conclusions Compared with IGlar U100 and IGlar U300, IDeg was likely to be a cost-effective treatment in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Assisting immobile individuals with regular repositioning to adjust pressure distribution on key prominences such as the back and buttocks is the most effective measure for preventing pressure ulcers. However, compared to active self-repositioning, passive assisted repositioning results in distinct variations in force distribution on different body parts. This incongruity can affect the comfort of repositioning and potentially lead to a risk of secondary injury, for certain trauma or critically ill patients. Therefore, it is of considerable practical importance to study the passive turning comfort and the optimal turning strategy. Initially, in this study, the load-bearing characteristics of various joints during passive repositioning were examined, and a wedge-shaped airbag configuration was proposed. The airbags coupled layout on the mattress was equivalently represented as a spring-damping system, with essential model parameters determined using experimental techniques. Subsequently, different assisted repositioning strategies were devised by adjusting force application positions and sequences. A human-mattress force-coupled simulation model was developed based on rigid human body structure and equivalent flexible springs. This model provided the force distribution across the primary pressure points on the human body. Finally, assisted repositioning experiments were conducted with 15 participants. The passive repositioning effectiveness and pressure redistribution was validated based on the simulation results, experimental data, and questionnaire responses. Furthermore, the mechanical factors influencing comfort during passive assisted repositioning were elucidated, providing a theoretical foundation for subsequent mattress design and optimization of repositioning strategies.

This study aimed to examine the morphological, physiological, and biochemical alterations occurring in Notopterygium incisum seeds throughout their developmental stages, with the objective of establishing a theoretical foundation for the cultivation of superior quality seeds. The experimental materials utilized in this study were the seeds of N. incisum at various stages of development following anthesis. Through the employment of morphological observation and plant physiology techniques, the external morphology, nutrients, enzyme activity, and endogenous hormones of the seeds were assessed. The results revealed a transition in seed coat color from light green to brown during the growth and development of N. incisum seeds. Additionally, as the seeds matured, a decrease in water content was observed. Conversely, starch content exhibited a progressive increase, while sucrose content displayed fluctuations. At 7 days after anthesis, the soluble sugar content attained its highest level of 4.52 mg·g~(-1), whereas the soluble protein content reached its maximum of 6.00 mg·g~(-1) at 14 days after anthesis and its minimum of 4.94 mg·g~(-1) at 42 days after anthesis. The activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD) exhibited an initial increase, followed by a decrease, and eventually reached a stable state. Conversely, the activities of catalase(CAT) and peroxidase(POD) demonstrated a decrease initially, followed by an increase, and then another decrease. The levels of the four endogenous hormones, namely gibberellin(GA_3), zeatin riboside(ZR), auxin(IAA), and abscisic acid(ABA), in the seeds displayed significant variations, with IAA and ABA exhibiting considerably higher levels compared to the other hormones. The levels of plant growth-promoting hormones, represented by IAA, generally displayed a pattern of initial increase followed by a subsequent decrease during seed development, while the plant growth-inhibiting hormone ABA showed the opposite trend. The findings indicate that the alterations in nutrient composition, antioxidant enzyme activity, and endogenous hormone levels vary throughout the maturation process of N. incisum seeds. These observations hold relevance for the cultivation of N. incisum seeds.

Objective: To evaluate the application of surgical strategies for the treatment of cervical ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) involving the C 2 segment., Methods: The literature about the surgery for cervical OPLL involving C 2 segment was reviewed, and the indications, advantages, and disadvantages of surgery were summarized., Results: For cervical OPLL involving the C 2 segments, laminectomy is suitable for patients with OPLL involving multiple segments, often combined with screw fixation, and has the advantages of adequate decompression and restoration of cervical curvature, with the disadvantages of loss of cervical fixed segmental mobility. Canal-expansive laminoplasty is suitable for patients with positive K-line and has the advantages of simple operation and preservation of cervical segmental mobility, and the disadvantages include progression of ossification, axial symptoms, and fracture of the portal axis. Dome-like laminoplasty is suitable for patients without kyphosis/cervical instability and with negative R-line, and can reduce the occurrence of axial symptoms, with the disadvantage of limited decompression. The Shelter technique is suitable for patients with single/double segments and canal encroachment >50% and allows for direct decompression, but is technically demanding and involves risk of dural tear and nerve injury. Double-dome laminoplasty is suitable for patients without kyphosis/cervical instability. Its advantages are the reduction of damage to the cervical semispinal muscles and attachment points and maintenance of cervical curvature, but there is progress in postoperative ossification., Conclusion: OPLL involving the C 2 segment is a complex subtype of cervical OPLL, which is mainly treated through posterior surgery. However, the degree of spinal cord floatation is limited, and with the progress of ossification, the long-term effectiveness is poor. More research is needed to address the etiology of OPLL and to establish a systematic treatment strategy for cervical OPLL involving the C 2 segment.

Objective: To investigate gene mutation types of thalassemia in the population of this area and the relationship between hematological phenotype and age in β-thalassemia., Methods: 1 351 suspected cases of thalassemia were detected in the First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College from June 2017 to June 2021. PCR-reverse dot blot hybridization(PCR-RDB) technique was used to detect the common α and β thalassemia gene types, then the data of MCV, MCH, MCHC and Hb of confirmed cases were collected. The heterozygotes of β-thalassemia were divided into 0-18 year group, 19-50 year group and >50 year group according to age, and the differences of hematological phenotypes among different groups were compared., Results: Among the detected 1 351 samples， 523(38.71%) cases were diagnosed as thalassemia, 13 genotypes were detected in 260 cases (19.25%) with α-thalassemia; and 12 genotypes were detected in 252 cases (18.65%) with β-thalassemia; 9 genotypes were detected in 11 cases with αβ thalassemia. It was found that MCV and MCH were increased significantly in 0-18 year group, 19-50 year group and >50 year group, MCHC was highest in 0-18 year group, and Hb was the lowest in the >50 year group, and the difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）., Conclusion: In this area, -- SEA /αα was the major genotype of α-thalassemia, and CD41-42 /N and IVS-II-654/N were the major genotypes of β-thalassemia. Morever, MCV and MCH were the lowest in the 0-18 year old group and the highest in the >50 years old group in heterozygotes of β-thalassemia. The influence of age on hematological parameters in the primary screening of thalassemia provides a certain reference value in clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Objective: To analyze the genotype characteristics of α- and β-thalassemia and the diagnostic value of hematological indexes in pregnant women in Xindu District of Chengdu., Methods: The blood routine parameters(MCV) <80 fl and (or) (MCH) <27 pg and hemoglobin electrophoresis were used to screen the pregnant women, PCR-reverse dot blot hybridization(PCR-RDB) technique was used to detect the common α- and β-thalassemia gene types in the primary screening positive population. The husbands of the diagnosed pregnant women were recalled for gene testing, and the highly suspected patients were checked by gene sequencing., Results: Among the 7 049 pregnant women, 1 740(24.68%) cases were positive for primary screening. 180 patients were diagnosed as thalassemia gene positive, among them, 94 cases (52.22%) of α-thalassemia were detected and six genotypes were found, in which -- SEA /αα genotype was the highest (58 cases, 61.70%); 82 cases (45.56%) of β-thalassemia were detected and ten genotypes were found while CD41-42/N and CD17/N genotypes were the most common; there were 4 cases(2.22%) with α combined with β-thalassemia. Through clinical follow-up survey, there were 4 couples with the same type of thalassemia, one of them was induced labor after diagnosis of hemoglobin H disease. Receiver operating curve (ROC curve) was used to analyze the diagnostic value of hematological parameters in thalassemia positive pregnant women. The results showed that AUC(HBA 2 )SEA /αα, CD41-42/N, CD17/N. The blood routine indicators (HBA 2 、RDW-SD、MCHC、MCH、MCV) have high diagnostic value for screening of thalassemia.

Bamboo forests have an efficient carbon sequestration capacity and play an important role in responding to global climate change. However, the current estimation of bamboo carbon storage has some errors, leading to uncertainty in the spatiotemporal pattern of bamboo forest carbon storage. This study simulated aboveground carbon storage of Zhejiang Province, China, during 1984-2014 based on the combination of an improved BIOME-BGC (biogeochemical cycles) model and remote sensing data, with the accuracy being verified with forest resource inventory data. The spatio-temporal distribution and environmental factors of aboveground carbon storage were analyzed. The results showed that the simulated carbon storage was accurate, with average correlation coefficient (r), root mean square error (RMSE) and relative bias (rBIAS) being 0.75, 7.24 Mg C·hm -2 and -2.57 Mg C·hm -2 , respectively. Generally, the aboveground carbon storage of bamboo forests in the whole province tended to increase from 1984 to 2014, the range of aboveground carbon density was 13.10-17.14 Mg C·hm -2 , and that of the total aboveground carbon storage was between 9.94-17.19 Tg C. The high aboveground carbon storage of bamboo was mainly distributed in developed bamboo industry areas, such as Anji, Lin'an, and Longyou. The change of aboveground carbon storage in bamboo forest was significantly correlated with temperature, precipitation, radiation, CO 2 concentration and nitrogen deposition, with higher partial correlation coefficients between precipitation and temperature and carbon storage.

Objective To establish a radiation-induced lung injury model and investigate the role of caspase-1-dependent programmed cell death (pyroptosis) in the pathogenesis of radiation pneumonitis. Methods BALB/c mice were sacrificed after receiving 5-day 15 Gy X-ray irradiation at chest cavity. The pathological changes of pulmonary tissues were observed by HE staining. The apoptosis of lung tissues cells after irradiation was detected by TUNEL assay. The expressions of γ-H2AX, ki67, NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3), caspase-1, apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD (ASC/TMS-1) were detected by Western blot analysis. Real-time quantitative PCR was used to check mRNA levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-8, tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1), NLRP3, caspase-1, IL-1β and IL-18. Immunohistochemical staining was used to determine the expressions of NLRP3, caspase-1 and TMS1 in lung tissues. The activity of caspase-1 was evaluated by caspase-1 assay kit, and the serum levels of IL-1β and IL-18 were detected by ELISA. Results After irradiation, the capillaries of the alveolar wall of the mice were dilated and congested, inflammatory cells infiltrated, the alveolar wall thickened. Positive rate of lung tissue cells was raised in TUNEL staining. The expressions of γ-H2AX and ki67 were elevated, indicating that DNA damage and cell proliferation activity decreased in lung tissues. The mRNA levels of IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α and MCP-1 in lung cells increased; the serum levels of IL-1β and IL-18 increased; the expressions of IL-1β, IL-18, NLRP3, caspase-1 and ASC/TMS-1 in lung tissues were enhanced; and caspase-1 activity increased. Conclusion After irradiation, the pyroptosis caused by the activation of NLRP3 inflammatory body occurred in the lung tissue of mice.

Objective: To elucidate the correlation between urinary 11-dehydro-thromboxane B2 (11dhTxB2) and clinical efficacy of aspirin treatment in patients with type 2 diabete and coronary artery disease (CAD)., Methods: In this prospective cohort study, 169 aged patients with type 2 diabete accompanying CAD in Peking University First Hospital were enrolled. The level of urinary 11dhTxB2 was detected using enzyme-linked immuno-sorbent assay. Low aspirin response or high on aspirin platelet reactivity (HAPR) was defined as urinary 11dhTxB2>1 500 ng/g. All the included patients were divided into two groups based on the results, HAPR group and No-HAPR group., Results: Baseline urinary 11dhTxB2 of the patients with type 2 diabete accompanying CAD was (3 687±3 052) ng/g, while the urinary 11dhTxB2 was (1 954±859) ng/g in patients after 100 mg/d aspirin treatment (P<0.001). Prevalence of HAPR in patients with type 2 diabete accompanying CAD were 32.5%. Within a mean follow-up time of 12 months, the outcomes occurred more frequently in HAPR group than in No-HAPR group (P<0.05)., Conclusion: Urinary 11dhTxB2 can be recognized as an effective indicator in evaluating aspirin clinical efficacy of patients with type 2 diabete accompanying CAD.

Objective: To elucidate the correlation between the single nucleotide polymorphism of CKLF-like MARVEL transmembrane member 5 (CMTM5) gene rs723840 and the occurrence of high on aspirin platelet reactivity (HAPR)., Methods: The present study is a case-control study. A total of 210 hospitalized patients in Peking University First Hospital were enrolled. Aspirin response was assessed by 0.5 g/L arachidonic acid (AA)-induced platelet aggregation ratio (PR), and ≥ 3/4 quartile of PR of the population was defined as HAPR. Accordingly all the enrolled 210 coronary artery diseases (CAD) patients were divided into HAPR group and No-HAPR group. The genotypes were determined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing analysis for rs723840 of CMTM5 gene., Results: The genotype frequencies in rs723840 C>T of CMTM5 gene conformed well to the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in both HAPR group and No-HAPR group. Between the two groups, the genotypes frequencies in HAPR and No-HAPR groups were 48.4%, 51.6%, 0.0% and 73.7%, 22.9%, 0.034%, respectively (P=0.004). The C, T allele frequencies were significantly different in the two groups (P=0.031,OR=0.501, 95% CI: 0.264-0.947)., Conclusion: Our study finds a significant correlation between CMTM5 gene rs723840 polymorphism and high on aspirin platelet reactivity.

Objective: For the first time, the fermentation conditions of Massa Medicata Fermentata were optimized by response surface methodology (RSM) accroding to amylase enzyme activity., Methods: Firstly, a series of single factor experiments were done which included the amount of Adzuki beans, fermentation time and fermentation temperature. The Box-Behnken design was used to optimize fermentation conditions. Design-Expert V8.0.6.1 was used to analysis regression model., Results: The optimum fermentation conditions were determined as follows: the amount of nitrogen source 2.6 g/100 g wheat bran and wheat flour, fermentation temperature 32 °C and fermentation time 3 days. By comparing prediction value and experimental value, it was found that relative error of their enzyme activity was less than 5%., Conclusion: This model can well forecast the amylase enzyme activity of Massa Medicata Fermentata after fermentation. These parameters obtained by RSM can provide scientific basis for the fermentation technology of Massa Medicata Fermentata, and it has a certain practical meaning.