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ObjectiveThis paper analyzes and models the core logic of a strike chain in terms of time sensitivity, reconfiguration and coverage, thereby providing model and method support for improving the dynamic management ability of naval combat resources under confrontation conditions. MethodsFirst, the typical combat platforms and elements related to the cross-domain cooperative combat of naval battlefields, such as escort ships, UAVs and unmanned boats, are abstracted into four types of resource nodes, namely detection, processing, decision-making and strike. Next, taking the shortest delay as the goal and considering constraints such as wide battlespace, low transmission rate between nodes and limited communication distance, the dynamic integration optimization mathematical model of the strike chain is established. A typical air defense scenario is then designed to demonstrate the shortest delay analysis of the strike chain and the destruction reconstruction analysis under the absence or attack of nodes, and quantitatively describe the changes of the shortest delay and sector coverage index of the reorganized strike chain under countermeasure conditions. Finally, based on a typical combat example of a Ukrainian unmanned cluster attack on the Black Sea Fleet, the ability of the fleet to resist the attack is analyzed on basis of the strike chain model. ResultsThe simulation results show that the model can be used to generate multiple strike chains with the shortest delays, and the responsibility division of each strike chain can be optimized, forming a multi-target killing network at sea. The destruction reconstruction of the strike chain often needs to pay such costs as increased delay and decreased sector coverage. The model can also be used to test anti-saturation attack ability under different formations.ConclusionsThis paper studies and validates the feasibility of analyzing the naval warfare system based on the strike chain model, and can provide theoretical model support for the subsequent design of future naval joint combat systems oriented to the killing network.

Solid-state fermentation in mud pits is a typical brewing process for nongxiangxing baijiu and fuyuxiangxing baijiu. Pit mud is the functional carrier of mud pits, in which the abundance, diversity, metabolic activity and interaction of microorganisms could directly affect the quality of baijiu. This paper reviews the application of traditional culture and non-culture techniques in research on microorganisms in pit mud, the spatiotemporal differences in microbial community structure, the functional microorganisms and their interactions, the development and improvement of the methods for the quality evaluation of pit mud, and pit mud maintenance and aging focusing on the functional strains, and summarizes the development history and application status of different techniques in the field of research on microorganisms related to the production of Chinese baijiu, the growth and decline patterns of prokaryotic and eukaryotic microorganisms during pit mud aging, the spatial difference in the distribution of prokaryotic and eukaryotic microorganisms in the pit, and the functions and interdependence of the core functional microorganisms in pit mud such as caproic acid bacteria, butyric acid bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, acetic acid bacteria and methane bacteria, the reason for pit mud aging, the transformation of the criteria for quality evaluation pit mud from traditional sensory and physicochemical analysis to the comprehensive evaluation system, and studies on pit mud maintenance and aging based on the functional properties of core strains. The purpose of this review is to provide a reference for evaluating the microbial diversity, exploring the metabolic function of microbial community and improving the quality of pit mud.

Objective To analyze the characteristics and related influencing factors of transfusion reactions in pediatric patients, so as to provide evidence for clinical treatment and prevention of transfusion reactions. Methods A retrospective study was conducted on children who received blood transfusions at our hospital from 2019 to 2023 in terms of the incidence, types, time of occurrence, and related influencing factors of transfusion reactions. Results A total of 69 926 transfusions were performed from 2019 to 2023, with 711 cases of transfusion reactions, resulting in an incidence of 1.02%. The incidence of transfusion reactions decreased annually from 2019 (1.89%) to 2022 (0.50%). The incidence of transfusion reactions to apheresis platelets, frozen plasma, suspended leukocyte-depleted red blood cells and cryoprecipitate coagulation factor were 2.16% (551/25 565), 0.50% (92/18 277), 0.25% (65/25 679) and 0.74% (3/405), respectively, with apheresis platelet transfusion of a significantly higher incidence compared to other blood components (P

The Ehlers-Danlos syndrome(EDS)is a rare inherent connective tissue disorder. The prevalence of EDS in the population is estimated at one out of ten thousand to one out of a hundred thousand. The vascular EDS(vEDS) are rare among the subtypes but are the worst in prognosis. The article reports a case of vEDS admitted to the hospital. The patient was a young man complaining of a sudden onset of aphasia in right hemiparalysis and severe left abdominal pain for unknown reasons. The diagnosis was made after the genetic testing. The patient suffered from vEDS. Then, the multi-disciplinary team(MDT)made a treatment plan tailored to this young patient. The complexity in classification and delusive presentations of the EDS make the correct diagnosis very challenging. This article hopes to report this case and to share the experiences to the better understanding of this disease.

The design and application of carborane polypeptide derivatives have attracted more and more attention, especially as boron carrier in the treatment of malignant tumors(BNCT). BNCT uses 10B to react with neutron capture, releasing alpha particles that kill tumor cells. As a binary targeted therapy, the key to its success is the targeting and affinity effect of boron carriers. At present, how to design more efficient boron carriers is the main problem in the development of BNCT. Polypeptides, as biological essential substances, can be taken up specifically by tumors while increasing the targeting of their derivatives, which is a great advantage of carbborane polypeptide compounds as boron carriers. In this paper, the reported carbborane polypeptide derivatives are classified and summarized for the first time, and the development potential as boron carriers for neutron capture therapy is evaluated. The summary of carbborane containing polypeptide derivatives will provide research impetus for the development of a new generation of boron carriers designed for neutron capture therapy.

The surface roughness can be reduced by increasing the forward-tilt angle of polishing process. It is of great significance to explore the influence law of the forward-tilt angle on the quality of the polished surface to improve the polishing efficiency of the blisk blade. In this paper, the surface roughness of the polished TC4 blisk blades polished by the belt flapwheel with a grain size of P400-P1200 under different polishing times and different forward-tilt angles was obtained through the forward-tilting polishing experiment. The experimental results show that the roughness of the polished surface decreases with the increase of the forward-tilt angle. Then the mechanism of the influence of the change of the forward-tilt angle on the quality of the polished surface was analyzed from multiple aspects. By quantifying the polishing efficiency, the variation law of the polishing efficiency of the belt flapwheel with various grain sizes with the forward-tilt angle was studied, and the optimal forward-tilt angle was obtained. On this basis, the polishing process planning with the optimal polishing efficiency was carried out, and verified by polishing experiments. The experimental results show that the optimized polishing process planning can obtain qualified surface roughness in fewer processes, which verifies the reliability of the polishing process planning results. This study provides a theoretical basis and practical guidance for the optimization of the belt flapwheel polishing process for TC4 blisk blades.

Objective: To observe the influence of tidal volume(VT) variation on the inspiratory flow index during pressure controlled ventilation (PCV) in different lung models. Methods: The Hamilton C3 ventilator was connected to an ASL5000 lung simulator, which simulated lung mechanics in patients with healthy adult, patients with mild and severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and 4 respiratory mechani-cs models were constructed. mild and severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)The [system compliance (Crs) was 30.0 and 60.0 mL/cmH2O, the airway resistance (Raw) was 5.0, 10.0 and 20.0 cmH2O/(L•s)]. The Hamilton C3 ventilator was operated in PCV mode were actived with output VT at 5.0, 7.0 and 10.0 ml/kg, positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) was set at 5.0 cmH2O, breathing rate at 10 bpm, and inspiratory time was set at 3.0 sec. The performance characteristics were collected, and the inspiratory flow index and expiratory time constant(RCexp) were estimated by specical equationscalculated. Results: The flow index was not aboveless than 1.0 in all four lung mechanics profiles models during passive ventilation with PCV mode. Peak inspiratory flow (PIF), peak expiratory flow (PEF) and inspiratory driving pressure (DP) were increased gradually with the increment of tidal volume, whereas the flow index was decreased. There were the similar value in the estimation of The flow index in health adult and of the ARDS lung models was similar to that of healthy adults, but RCexp was significantly reduced in severe restrictive model. Flow index and end-inspiratory flow (EIF) were significantly higher in severe COPD model than in the other lung models, which with flow index was close toreaching 0.80 when VT was at 5.0 mL/kg. Conclusions: Flow index has the characteristics ofis an non-invasive derivative parameter and continuous can be monitoringed continuously, and is affected by the alteration of tidal volume and respiratory mechanical properties. During pressure controlled ventilation, the estimation continuous monitoring of flow index is useful to evaluate the severity of airflow limitation and the association between the patient’s inspiratory effort and ventilator outputted assistance level.

Percutaneous coronary diagnosis and intervention via distal transradial artery approach has become one of the hot research topics in the field of coronary angiography and intervention. Compared with transradial approach, the distal transradial artery approach has the advantages of higher patient comfort and fewer related complications; however, due to the tortuosity of radial artery and relatively small size of distal radial artery, there is a significant learning curve for distal transradial artery approach puncture. This paper analyzes and summarizes the common causes (mainly including patient factors and operational factors) and treatment strategies of distal transradial artery approach puncture failure based on the experience of more than 2 000 cases, in order to provide a reference for improving the success rate of puncture and promoting the application of distal transradial artery approach.

Edge computing has gained widespread usage in intelligent applications due to its benefits, including low latency, high bandwidth, and cost-effectiveness.However, it also faces many security challenges due to its distributed, real-time, multi-source and heterogeneous data characteristics.Identity authentication serves as the initial step for terminal to access to the network and acts as the first line of defense for edge computing.To address the security issues in the edge computing environment, a terminal cross-domain authentication protocol suitable for the edge computing environment was proposed based on the ＆quot;cloud-edge-end＆quot; three-level network authentication architecture.Access authentication was implemented between terminals and local edge nodes based on the SM9 algorithm, and session keys were negotiated.The secret key was combined with symmetric encryption technology and hash function to achieve cross-domain authentication for the terminal.The pseudonym mechanism was used in the authentication process to protect the privacy of end users.The terminal only needs to register once, and it can roam randomly between different security domains.BAN logic was used to prove the correctness of the protocol and analyze its security.The results show that this protocol is capable of resisting common attacks in IoT scenarios, and it features characteristics such as single sign-on and user anonymity.The performance of the cross-domain authentication protocol was evaluated based on computational and communication costs, and compared with existing schemes.The experimental results show that this protocol outperforms other schemes in terms of computational and communication costs, making it suitable for resource-constrained terminal devices.Overall, the proposed protocol offers lightweight and secure identity authentication within edge computing environments.

This paper summarized the multicultural nursing management for a patient with giant left ventricular pseudoaneurysm. Based on the self-management and clinical application of postoperative power-assisted enveloped-type special garment, health guidance and nursing interventions were carried out to improve the clinical outcomes of the patient and avoid the rupture of the pseudoaneurysm. During the perioperative period, the multicultural nursing theory was used to analyze the advantages and disadvantages of self-management. Aiming for prevention of adverse factors, the multicultural nursing team led by the primary nurse participated in the formulation of patient self-management, provided nursing care consistent with the patient's culture and health education, and made full preparation for the patient with standardized nursing behavior. (本文回顾1例左心室巨大假性室壁瘤(LVPA)患者的多元文化护理体会。为患者制定自我管理目标和方案, 应用实用新型专利(术后助力环抱式专用衣)提升术后患者伤口恢复及自理能力, 护理人员给予引导和积极干预, 患者各方面得到改善, 避免巨大LVPA破裂的发生。围手术期运用多元文化护理理论, 分析自我管理的有利因素和不利因素, 针对不利因素目标分析, 以责任护士为主导的多元文化护理团队参与制定患者的自我管理, 提供与患者文化相一致的护理以及健康教育工作, 以规范的护理行为, 为患者做好充分术前准备, 促进术后康复。)

Recently， liver-expressed antibacterial peptide 2 （LEAP-2） was found to be an endogenous ligand of growth hormone secretin receptor 1α（GHSR1α）， which can antagonize the activation of Ghrelin. Subsequently， it was found that it can reverse the activation of GHSR1α and reduce the basic activity of GHSR1α. This antagonistic relationship not only plays a key role in regulating the secretion of growth hormone， but also plays an important role in regulating food intake， obesity， glucose homeostasis and other complex functions， which is expected to become a novel target for diagnosis and treatment of metabolism-related diseases， such as diabetes mellitus， obesity and cachexia， etc. In this review， the role of LEAP-2 was analyzed in combination with Ghrelin， basic biological function and its role in the incidence and development of metabolism-related diseases were elaborated， and its potential as a therapeutic target was evaluated.

Objective To explore whether artesunate (Art) has protective effect on lung tissue after cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and its potential mechanism based on animal experiment. Methods Twenty-four healthy male white pigs were randomly divided into sham group (n=6), CPR group (n=10), and Art group (n=8). The sham group only underwent the surgical preparation, and the CPR and Art groups established the CPR model by the method of ventricular fibrillation induction. After restoration of spontaneous circulation, the Art group was infused a dose of 4.8 mg/kg of Art via the femoral vein within 2 h. The same volume of vehicle was similarly infused in the sham and CPR groups. The changes of lung injury at baseline and after resuscitation, lung injury score, and lung tissue inflammation and its high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1)/Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/nuclear factor-κB p65 (NF-κB p65) inflammatory pathway after resuscitation were compared among the three groups. Results (1) Lung injury: the levels of extravascular lung water index (ELWI), pulmonary vascular permeability index (PVPI), and oxygenation index (OI) at baseline were not significantly different among the three groups (all P > 0.05). The values of ELWI and PVPI at 1 h, 2 h, and 4 h after resuscitation were significantly increased while the values of OI at 1 h and 2 h after resuscitation were significantly decreased in the CPR group compared with the sham group (all P < 0.05). The values of ELWI, PVPI, and OI were better at each time point after resuscitation in the Art group than in the CPR group, in which the differences in ELWI and PVPI at 2 h and 4 h after resuscitation were significant between the two groups (all P < 0.05). (2)Lung injury score: the score of lung injury at 24 h after resuscitation was significantly increased in the CPR and Art groups compared with the sham group (all P < 0.05). However, the score of lung injury at 24 h after resuscitation was significantly decreased in the Art group compared with the CPR group (P < 0.05). (3)Lung tissue inflammation: the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in the lung at 24 h after resuscitation were significantly increased in the CPR and Art groups compared with the sham group (all P < 0.05). However, the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 in the lung at 24 h after resuscitation were significantly decreased in the Art group compared to the CPR group (all P < 0.05). (4) HMGB1/TLR4/NF-κB inflammatory pathway: the protein expression levels of HMGB1, TLR4, and NF-κB p65 in the lung at 24 h after resuscitation were significantly increased in the CPR and Art groups compared with the sham group (all P < 0.05). However, the protein expression levels of HMGB1, TLR4, and NF-κB p65 in the lung at 24 h after resuscitation were significantly decreased in the Art group compared with the CPR group (all P < 0.05). Conclusions Art could alleviate lung inflammatory injury after cardiac arrest and resuscitation, possibly through inhibiting the activation of HMGB1/TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway.

This paper introduced the design and application of a medical protective face screen. The new typeface screen is designed to reduce the risk of exposure to infection and improve the wearing comfort. This new typeface screen helps keep the outdoor medical workers from heat exhaustion. (本文介绍一种医用防护面屏的设计与应用, 在降低暴露风险的同时提升医务人员舒适感。该医用防护面屏也有助于日常室外作业人员的有效防暑降温, 降低中暑风险, 提升工作效率。)

Objective To investigate the effect of red-blue LED phototherapy combined with external use of recombinant human epidermal growth factor for patients with head and face burns. Methods Totally 70 patients with head and face burns were randomly divided into the observation group and control group, with 35 cases in each group. The control group received external use of recombinant human epidermal growth factor and routine skin care, and the observation group were given red-blue LED phototherapy combined with external use of recombinant human epidermal growth factor. The wound healing condition, wound healing time, incidences of infection, scar formation and post-burn hyperpigmentation were compared between two groups. Results Patients in the observation group had a better outcome of wound healing at 7 days and 15 days after intervention, when compared with those in the control group (P＜0. 05). The averaged wound healing time in the observation group was shorter than that in the control group(P＜0. 05). No case of infection was reported in the observation group, and fewer patients in the observation group developed scar formation and post-burn hyperpigmentation. Conclusion The red-blue LED phototherapy combined with external use of recombinant human epidermal growth factor is effective to improve the wound healing and reduce the incidence of scar formation and post-burn hyperpigmentation in patients with head and face burns (目的 探讨LED红蓝光联合重组人表皮生长因子在头面部烧伤患者中的应用效果。方法 选取2017年1月—2019年1月收治的70例头面部烧伤患者, 随机分为观察组和对照组, 各35例。对照组给予外用重组人表皮生长因子和常规护理, 观察组在对照组基础上联合LED红蓝光照射治疗。观察两组患者创面愈合情况、愈合时间、感染发生情况、瘢痕以及色素沉着发生情况。结果 观察组干预后7、15 d创面愈合情况优于对照组, 平均愈合天数短于对照组, 差异有统计学意义(P＜0. 05)。观察组未发生感染, 瘢痕形成和色素沉着较对照组少。结论 LED红蓝光联合重组人表皮生长因子在头面部烧伤患者中的应用效果显著, 能有效促进创面愈合, 缩短愈合时间, 减少瘢痕和色素沉着。)

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effect of slaughtering methods on the muscle quality of eels. Methods: Two slaughtering methods （including mechanical slaughter and manual slaughter） were used to analyze the energy metabolism and physicochemical properties of eel meat slices during storage. Results: Duringstorage at 4 ℃ for 48 h, the glycogent and lactic acid content of eelfillets subjected to mechanical slaughter were lower than those of manual slaughtered samples generally. During 7 d-storage, the sensory deterioration of eel meat samples was retarded by mechanical slaughter, and the TVB-N and TBARS content were lower than those of manual slaughtered samples, while the water holding capacity was higher than that of manual slaughtered samples. Conclusion: Mechanical slaughter is beneficial to maintaining the muscle quality of eels compared to manual slaughter.

At present, most coal mines in China do not have advanced ventilation systems, and local ventilation fans usually use constant frequency operation “one wind”to discharge gas, resulting in low equipment efficiency and serious waste of resources and energy. In view of the above problems, taking a mine as an example, the relationship between gas volume fraction and air demand in roadway was deeply analyzed, and a graded frequency conversion control strategy was proposed, which divided the fan frequency into four levels. The operating conditions of the system frequency upturn and frequency downturn were formulated by combining the fuzzy control theory. The fan control and gas emission under different gas volume fraction conditions were analyzed by numerical simulation method. The results show that this control strategy can keep the gas volume fraction in the working face within the range of 0.5%-0.8%, without complicated decoupling calculation, improve the stability of the system operation to a certain extent, realize “on-demand ventilation” in a real sense, which significantly improves ventilation efficiency and reduces energy consumption.

Background and purpose: The establishment of artificial pneumothorax during video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery may affect the intrathoracic pressure, cause the obstruction of superior vena cava reflux, and lead to the increased risk of adverse cardiovascular events during hospitalization. However, elderly patients with esophageal cancer are more likely to have adverse cardiovascular events during the perioperative period due to the significant decline in functional status, which seriously affects the rehabilitation process. This study aimed to investigate the influencing factors of cardiovascular adverse events risk in elderly patients with esophageal cancer undergoing video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery and construct nomograph model to guide the formulation of clinical intervention plan. Methods: Five hundred and forty-six elderly patients with esophageal cancer undergoing video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery who were treated in The First Hospital of Danjiangkou City were retrospectively chosen in the period from January 2015 to October 2020. All patients were grouped according to the occurrence of cardiovascular adverse events in perioperative period, the related clinical data were analyzed, and the independent influencing factors of cardiovascular adverse events were evaluated by logistic regression model. Based on the above factors, the nomogram prediction model was constructed and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was drawn to evaluate the prediction efficiency of nomogram model. Results: Eighty-four cases (15.38%) had perioperative cardiovascular adverse events in all 546 patients. Univariate analysis showed that American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) grade, the number of clinical risk factors, the level of hemodynamic changes, the level of airway pressure and the level of central venous pressure (CVP) were all related to the occurrence of cardiovascular adverse events (PⅢ, number of clinical risk factors >3, hemodynamic change level ≥30%, airway pressure level >30 cm H2O and CVP level >20 cm H2O have higher risk. The nomogram model based on the above factors has good prediction efficiency and may guide the formulation of clinical intervention programs.

Theabrownin, a kind of water-soluble, non-dialysable, highly polymerised brown substance, mainly composed of polyphenol, polysaccharide, protein and nucleic acid, which is closely related to the color and functional activity of fermented tea. Due to the complexity of the formation mechanism, its chemical structure is still unclear. In this review, the structural characteristics, formation mechanism, extraction and detection methods, and functional activity of theophylcin were discussed, and the future research direction was also prospected.

Objective: To compare the influence of emphysema and lung small shadow on the lung function of patients with pneumoconiosis. Methods: We selected 96 patients who were admitted to the Taihe Hospital (Shiyan city) for pneumoconiosis complicated by emphysema between 2015 and 2020. Chest computed tomography (CT) and lung function assessments were performed. The low attenuation volumes (LAV%) of the whole lung; left and right lungs; and upper, middle, and lower lobes of each lung were quantified using 64-slice spiral CT (GE Optima CT680). Based on the LAV% of the whole lung, the patients were divided into groups A (LAV%30%). The small shadow density (SSD) of the whole lung; left and right lungs; and upper, middle, and lower lung fields was calculated by applying the criteria for evaluating SSD on chest radiographs to CT images. The correlation between SSD and lung function was also analyzed. Results: The SSD of the whole lung was negatively correlated with the forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1), total lung capacity (TLC), peak expiratory flow (PEF), maximum expiratory flow after 75% of the forced vital capacity (FVC) has not been exhaled (MEF75%), and maximum expiratory flow after 25% of the FVC has not been exhaled (MEF25%), and it was positively correlated with residual volume (RV)/TLC. LAV% was negatively correlated with FEV1, ratio of FEV to FEV1 (FEV1%), carbon monoxide diffusion capacity (DLCO), PEF, MEF75%, maximum expiratory flow after 50％ of the FVC has not been exhaled (MEF50%), and MEF25% in the whole lung; left and right lungs; and upper, middle, and lower lung lobes; however, it was positively correlated with RV and RV/TLC%. When LAV% was >30%, the correlation between LAV% and FEV1, FEV1%, DLCO, RV/TLC, PEF, MEF75%, MEF50%, and MEF25% was stronger in group C than in groups A and B. A certain degree of correlation was observed between the SSD in the lungs and the ventilation function and volume parameters; however, the correlation between SSD and the diffusion function was weak. Conclusion: The degree of emphysema and SSD in patients with pneumoconiosis have a certain degree of correlation with the lung function; however, the SSD of emphysema has a relatively better correlation with the lung function. It can be used to evaluate the degree of lung injury in patients with pneumoconiosis to a certain extent and is worthy of clinical application.

In this study, 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H MRS) was used to analyze metabolites in the hippocampus of chronic type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) rats induced by streptozocin and T1DM rats treated with long-term insulin. The results showed that, compared with control rats and insulin-treated T1DM rats, the fasting blood glucose of T1DM rats increased significantly, while the body weight of T1DM rats decreased remarkably (p < 0.05). The contents of myo-inositol (Ins), taurine (Tau) and glutamate (Glu) of T1DM rats were significantly higher than those of control rats (p=0.000, p=0.003, p=0.014, respectively), and the contents of Ins and Tau of insulin-treated T1DM rats were significantly decreased than those in the T1DM diabetic rats (p=0.000, p=0.010, respectively). Contents of Glu and Glx (Glu and glutamine) of insulin-treated T1DM rats were significantly higher than those in the control group (p=0.007, p=0.042, respectively). The metabolite changes of Ins and Tau in hippocampus of T1DM rats are sensitive to insulin treatment.

The security requirements of a terminal communication system for distribution automation are studied. Moreover， a communication security architecture for distribution automation terminal conforming to the actual situations of China is designed to solve the security problem in distribution automation terminal communication in an open interconnection environment. The security architecture is based on cryptographic algorithm standards. The protocol is modified and designed without affecting communication efficiency. The double encryption and authentication functions of the application layer and the network layer are realized and applied to the communication of the distribution network terminal. The analysis of the RFC （request for comments） standard and cryptographic algorithm standard， security analysis， scheme comparison， and test verification confirm that the communication architecture is eligible for encryption and authentication capabilities. Besides， it can overcome the vulnerability of the terminal protocols and reduce the algorithm's complexity while improving communication efficiency.

Objective To investigate the effect of pseudolaric acid B (PAB) on apoptosis of prostate cancer cell line DU145 and the potential mechanism. Methods The cells were treated with 0, 5, 10, 20 and 40 μmol/L PAB for 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours respectively;the CCK8 method was used to detect cell proliferation,flow cytometry annexin V-FITC/PI double staining and TUNEL method was used to detect cell apoptosis after the treatment of PAB. Scratch test and transwell chamber were used to detect cell migration and invasion. Western blot was used to detect the protein expressions of Bcl-2, Bax, PTEN, AKT and p-AKT in the cells. Results With the increase of PAB concentration and time of incubation, the cell viability of DU145 cells was significantly reduced (P＜0.01). Compared with the control group, the average cell apoptosis rate, Bax and PTEN protein expression in the PAB group were significantly increased, while the cell scratch healing rate, the number of transmembrane cells, Bcl-2 and p-AKT protein expression were significantly reduced(P＜0.01). GW9662 significantly reversed the pro-apoptotic effect of PAB on DU145. Conclusions PAB may inhibit the proliferation and invasion of prostate cancer DU145 cells and induce cell apoptosis through the PTEN/AKT signaling pathway.

Objective To investigate the effect of Tripterygium wilfordii polyglycosides(TWPS) on inflammatory response found in mouse models with Sjgren's syndrome(SS). Methods Mice were randomly divided into control group, Sjgren's syndrome model group, hydroxychloroquine sulfate treatment group (20 mg/kg hydroxychloroquine sulfate intragastric administration), TWPS low-dose, medium-dose and high-dose groups (10, 20, 30 mg/kg TWPS), TWPS + Wortmanin (PI3K/Akt/eNOS signaling pathway inhibitor) group (30 mg/kg TWPS and 0.6 mg/kg Wortmannin viajugular vein).Saliva flow rate, water intake, whole blood viscosity and plasma viscosity were recorded. Serum IL-6, IL-17, IgG and eNOS were detected by ELISA. Western blot was used to detect PI3K/Akt/eNOS pathway related proteins. Results Compared with control group, the saliva flow rate of the model group decreased and the quantity of drinking water increased(P＜0.05). Compared with model group, saliva flow rate increased and water consumption decreased in low, medium and high dose TWPS groups, which alleviated the change of model group(P＜0.05). Compared with the low, medium and high dose TWPS +Wortmanin groups, saliva flow rate decreased and water intake increased (P＜0.05). The whole blood and plasma viscosity of model group increased compared with control group(P＜0.05). The whole blood and plasma viscosity of TWPS low-dose, medium-dose and high-dose groups were lower than that of model group(P＜0.05). The whole blood and plasma viscosity of TWPS+Wortmanin group was higher than that of low, medium and high dose TWPS groups(P＜0.05). Compared with the control group, the levels of serum IL-6, IL-17 and IgG in model group were increased, while the level of eNOS was decreased(P＜0.05). The serum levels of IL-6, IL-17 and IgG in TWPS low-dose, medium-dose and high-dose groups were lower than those in model group, while the levels of eNOS were higher than those in model group(P＜0.05). The serum level of IL-6, IL-17 and IgG in TWPS +Wortmanin group increased as compared to those in low, medium and high dose TWPS +Wortmanin group, while the level of eNOS decreased as compared to those in low, medium and high dose TWPS +Wortmanin group(P＜0.05). The level of p-PI3K/PI3K, p-Akt/Akt and p-ENOS /eNOS in model group was lower than those in control group(P＜0.05). Compared with model group, p-PI3K/PI3K, p-Akt/Akt and p-ENOS/eNOS levels of TWPS in low, medium and high dose groups all increased(P＜0.05); The level of p-PI3K/PI3K, p-Akt/Akt and p-ENOS /eNOS in TWPS +Wortmanin group was lower than those in low, medium and high dose TWPS groups(P＜0.05). Conclusions TWPS alleviates inflammatory response and improves symptoms of mouse models with Sjgren's syndrome.

为了测定乳制品中的磷脂含量，建立了基于核磁共振磷谱（31P NMR）的磷脂分析方法，并采用内标法对磷脂进行了定量。利用建立的方法对不同哺乳期母乳（初乳、过渡乳、成熟乳）、奶粉（全脂奶粉、婴幼儿配方奶粉）、富含乳磷脂的乳清蛋白粉、大豆磷脂及鸡蛋磷脂中的磷脂组成及含量进行了分析。结果表明：9种磷脂标准品的检出限范围为48.97~85.76 μg/mL，定量限范围为97.94~171.52 μg/mL，具有合理的加标回收率（83.40%~108.52%）和精密度（相对标准偏差小于15%）。母乳中总磷脂含量平均为19.27 mg/100 mL，随着哺乳期的延长总磷脂含量逐渐降低。不同来源的样品中磷脂的组成有较大差异，母乳中含量最高的磷脂类型为鞘磷脂，其他样品中的磷脂主要类型为磷脂酰胆碱。 In order to determine the content of phospholipids in dairy products, a method for the determination of phospholipid was established based on 31P NMR and the internal standard method was used to quantify the phospholipid. The composition and content of phospholipid in different lactation human milk (colostrum milk, transitional milk, mature milk), milk powder (whole milk powder, infant formula milk powder), whey protein powder rich in lacto-phospholipid, soybean lecithin and egg lecithin were analyzed by this method. The results showed that the limits of detection and quantification of 9 phospholipid standards were 48.97-85.76 μg/mL and 97.94-171.52 μg/mL, respectively. They also demonstrated reasonable recoveries (83.40%-108.52%) and precision (relative standard deviation < 15%). The average total phospholipid content in human milk was 19.27 mg/100 mL, and it decreased gradually with the extension of the lactation period. The composition of phospholipid varied greatly among samples from different sources. Sphingomyelin was the most abundant type in human milk, while phosphatidylcholine was the main type in other samples.

In order to improve the comprehensive utilization rate of walnut, the technology of synchronous producing oil and polypeptide from walnut by aqueous enzymatic method was optimized, and the fatty acid composition of the oil was analyzed. By comparing the effects of four different proteases and cellulase on oil extraction rate and polypeptide yield of walnut, the optimal enzyme combination was then determined. On this basis, the effects of pH, enzymolysis temperature, enzymolysis time, solid-liquid ratio and dosage of enzyme on the oil extraction rate and the yield of polypeptide from walnut were studied by single factor and L18(35) orthogonal experiment, and the optimal extraction conditions were finally obtained. The fatty acid composition of walnut oil was analyzed by gas chromatography. The results showed that the combination of papain and cellulase (2:1, w/w) was the best enzyme combination. The optimal synchronous extraction process of oil and polypeptide were as follows: Dosage of enzyme 3.0%, solid-liquid ratio 1:5 (g/mL), pH5, enzymolysis time 3.0 h, enzymolysis temperature 60 ℃. Under these conditions, the oil extraction rate of walnut could reach 53.37%, and the yield of polypeptide was 4.01 mg/g. The determination results of gas chromatography indicated that five fatty acids were detected in walnut oil, including linoleic acid (62.26%), oleic acid (18.64%), α-linolenic acid (10.57%), palmitic acid (6.00%), stearic acid (2.53%). Walnut oil was rich in unsaturated fatty acids. The total content of unsaturated fatty acids in walnut oil was up to 91.47%, in which the contents of polyunsaturated fatty acids and monounsaturated fat acids were 72.83% and 18.64%, respectively. The process could provide reference for the industrial application of synchronous producing oil and polypeptide from walnut by aqueous enzymatic method.

Objective: In order to solve the quality problems of YB517 transparent packaging machine, such as folds and unevenness of transparent paper on the sides of cigarette packages, a new cigarette-packaging side seal and shaping device was developed. Methods: After the improvements, the drive shaft of cigarette receiving plate of output turntable of YB517 was used as a power source, and the heating and shaping of cigarette package side seals were achieved by designing reciprocating mechanisms, heater components, cigarette package positioning components, and optimizing push seats; and using Solidworks software to simulate and analyze the displacement, velocity and acceleration of the shaping device. At the same time, it was connected to the temperature measurement and control system of "Heat sealer for Drawstring" so that the temperature parameters can be displayed and adjusted on the IPC control surface. Finally, the method of sampling in the test was used to compare and analyze the wrinkle of boxed transparent paper before and after the transformation. Results: The side seal shaping device had the advantages of no interference, gentle velocity and acceleration curve, no obvious impact and stable operation. The wrinkle ratio of boxed transparent paper decreased from 11.58% to 2.50%, which decreased 78.40%. Conclusion: It ensures product quality and improves consumers satisfaction.

Background The association between preoperative glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and prognosis of adult patients undergoing cardiac surgery has attracted attentions of scholars. However, due to various reference values of preoperative HbA1c, the prognostic threshold of preoperative HbA1c used for these patients is different. Objective To perform a Meta-analysis to examine the association between preoperative HbA1c and prognosis in adult patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Methods Databases of CNKI, Wanfang Data, Medline, EMBase, The Cochrane Library were searched to collect case-control studies, prospective or retrospective cohort studies on the association between preoperative HbA1c and prognosis in adults undergoing cardiac surgery from January 1st, 2000 to September 10th, 2021. Studies screening, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment were performed by two researchers independently. RevMan 5.4.1 was used to perform the Meta-analysis. Results A total of 35 cohort studies involving 35 826 adult cardiac surgery patients were included. The prognosis of these cases was analyzed by the control level of preoperative HbA1c. Meta-analysis revealed that adults with preoperative HbA1c < 5.5% had lower early postoperative mortality than those with preoperative HbA1c ≥5.5%〔RR=0.39, 95%CI (0.18, 0.84) , P=0.02〕. A lower rate of postoperative sternal wound infection was found in those with preoperative HbA1c< 6.0% rather than those with preoperative HbA1c≥6.0%〔RR=0.47, 95%CI (0.24, 0.91) , P=0.02〕, in those with preoperative HbA1c

In order to explore the influence of the physical crosslinking network structure of polyborosiloxanes(PBDMSs) on the viscoelasticity of the system, hydroxyl terminated polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) with different hydroxyl contents were reacted with boric acid to prepare PBDMSs with different boronization crosslinking densities. Thereafter the structure, thermodynamics and rheological properties of the as prepared samples were characterized. The results show that PBDMSs contain Si—O—Si, Si—O—B, CH3—Si—CH3 and B—O—B structural units. And PBDMSs have excellent low temperature resistance, while their glass transition temperature increases with the increase of hydroxyl content in PDMS. And at low hydroxyl content of PDMS (1% and 2%, mass fraction), crystallization of PBDMSs are observed. Moreover, PBDMSs possess the characteristics of frequency sensitivity, good impact resistance, excellent damping dissipation and excellent resilience. The hydroxyl content of PDMS obviously affects the physical crosslinking network structure of PBDMSs, and thus has a significant impact on the dynamic modulus of PBDMSs. In practical application, the viscoelasticity of PBDMSs can be adjusted by changing the hydroxyl content of PDMS.

The extraction of Np(Ⅳ) from nitric acid medium by using di(1-methyl-heptyl) methyl phosphonate diluted in kerosene was investigated. The influences were studied in this research including the contact time, the concentration of DMHMP, HNO3 as well as nitrate and the temperature. Slope analyses indicate that Np(Ⅳ) is coordinated mainly in the form of neutral molecules and the extractant complex is Np(NO3)4·2DMHMP. The value of enthalpy change for the reaction is negative which means that the extraction of Np(Ⅳ) is an exothermic process.

After phosphate treatment, the surface of mechanical parts has color differences of film, roughness and no film, and the properties of phosphating film could not meet the process requirements. Through comparison and analysis of literature, it was found that the physical or chemical changes took place on the surface of parts while forming parts by various processing methods, which meant the surface structure, surface composition, surface stress and other states of the parts were changed; the differences of surface state had different effects on phosphating reaction rate. Therefore, different pretreatment methods should be adopted for various surface states during phosphate treatment of mechanical parts to improve the phosphating film formation condition. In this way, uniform phosphating film could be formed on the surface of parts.

Adlay is one of the oldest crops in China. Adlay, known as the “king of gramineous plants”, is a kind of traditional healthy food and has high nutritional value. Current studies have found that adlay with high nutritional value can prevent tumor, reduce blood sugar and pressure level, and also has benefit with digestion, analgesia, anti-inflammatory, and heat relieving and so on. At the same time, adlay has been widely used in clinical, cosmetic research and kinds of food processing and production. This paper reviewed the active components, physiological functions and industrial applications of adlay in order to provide theoretical reference for multi-dimensional utilization of adlay and its high-quality development in future industry.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the dietary quality of flight crew by military diet balance index （DBI） and provide basis for their dietary guidance and nutritional intervention.MethodsDietary survey was carried out by weighting method in three air force troops. The dietary quality of flight crew was evaluated by military DBI.ResultsCompared with GJB 826B-2010 （Dietary Ration for Soldier）， the intake of cereal and soybean met the standard， the intake of red meat， egg， plant oil and fruit was above the standard， the intake of other kinds of food was below the standard. The intake of vegetable， edible fungus， poultry meat， fish and shrimp， milk was insufficient， reaching 84.00%， 61.68%， 54.59%， 45.15% and 36.99% of the standard respectively. Compared with the recommended intake of the general population in the dietary guidelines for Chinese residents （2016）， the intake of salt was over the standard， the intake of added sugar was below the standard. Compared with GJB 823B-2016 （Dietary allowances for military personnel）， the intake of zinc， vitamin A， vitamin B1 and vitamin B2 was below the standard， reaching 89.85% 87.53%， 69.33% and 64.33% of the standard respectively. The intake of sodium， iron and vitamin E was above the standard， reaching 232.82%， 241.07% and 353.77% of the standard respectively. The energy supply ratio of protein， fat and carbohydrate was 17.44%， 43.87% and 38.71% respectively， which was obviously unbalanced， showing a “high fat and low carbohydrate” pattern. The food quantitative results were basically consistent with the military DBI scores， showing a slight imbalance.ConclusionThe dietary pattern of the investigated flight crew was unreasonable； some of the food and nutrients intake were insufficient； the military DBI score showed that the dietary pattern was slightly unbalanced. The dietary pattern should be further adjusted， and the nutritional health education should be strengthened to promote reasonable nutritional behavior.

Abstract:Existing abnormal sound detection methods often rely on strongly labeled data for training, but high-quality strongly labeled audio data is difficult to annotate and costly to collect. Addressing the issues of poor training results and low accuracy caused by interference from non-stationary and timevarying noise when using weakly labeled data in current abnormal audio detection methods, a weighted non-negative matrix factorization (WNMF) method based on audio spectrum is proposed. This method utilizes WNMF to label weakly labeled and unlabeled data, and separates target sound events from background noise. Under appropriate weight values, WNMF alters the importance of audio information in different frequency bands during labeling to suppress noise and improve separation quality, approaching the effect of fully supervised model training. Then, a convolutional neural network is used to generate frame-level predictions and audio label predictions. Simulation experiments show that this method improves the accuracy by 4.8% compared to traditional NMF methods for processing weakly labeled data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The economic history of 20th-century Britain is actually a process of showing how the "British disease" has occurred, intensified, and been diagnosed. In fact, even in the relatively prosperous early 20th century, the British economy already showed some initial symptoms of the "British disease" and foreshadowed its subsequent long-term decline. These symptoms found adequate expressions in the concurrent early modernist literature which, in turn, exerted profound influence on the social climate and government decisions of the era. Works by Conrad, Shaw, Tressell, and Wells, for instance, illustrate the historical causes, literary representations, and corresponding reflections on some major types of "British disease" of the early 20th century, including the disintegration of the colonial system, the deterioration of poverty, the intensification of labor-capital conflicts, and the decline of the traditional economy. The organic interactions between the transitioning British economy and modernist literature are evident as discussed in these works. It is also clear that although the dominant ideology of the time was still the classic laissez-faire policy, ideas incorporating state-interventionism, such as humanized capitalism, Fabianism, and Marxism, began to take effects; meanwhile, the British economy's transformation to financial capitalism foreshadowed the subsequent rise of monetary regulation theories and the Keynesian revolution, reflecting the authors' imagination of future Britain as a financial empire in response to the "British disease". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As the lightest metal structural materials, magnesium and its alloys have great potential to achieve lightweight products in the future. However, magnesium has a high corrosion sensitivity, and the magnesium hydroxide film formed on the surface is loose and porous with little protection, which leads to its application being limited. How to improve the corrosion resistance of magnesium has become a worldwide problem that restricts its application. Alloying is one of the ways to radically improve the corrosion resistance of magnesium alloys. In this paper, the corrosion mechanisms of pure magnesium and the mechanisms of alloying elements on the corrosion performance of magnesium alloys are described in terms of the influence of alloying elements on the corrosion resistance of magnesium and its alloys. In addition, protection mechanisms produced by alloying elements on magnesium alloys were compiled, and the protection mechanisms and corresponding characteristics of beneficial elements on magnesium alloys were summarized. This can provide some reference for the development of new magnesium alloys and the improvement of the corrosion resistance of magnesium alloys. In addition, this paper contributes to a better understanding of the corrosion behavior of magnesium alloys. At present, there is no magnesium alloys can be as good as aluminum alloys or stainless steels corrosion resistance, so the development of corrosion-resistant magnesium alloys needs further research. This paper provides a theoretical basis for the interaction between elements in magnesium alloys, which can provide ideas for the development of new corrosion-resistant magnesium alloys. The synergy between the elements will have a significant impact on the design, process and performance of new corrosion resistant magnesium alloys, and as the research progresses, it is expected that new corrosion-resistant magnesium alloys similar to "stainless steel" will be constructed.

BACKGROUND Fluorine is an essential trace element that exists in the natural environment, and its deficiency or excess in the environment can cause health problems. OBJECTIVES To summarize the research progress of sources of fluorine in the environment and to assess the risk to health. METHODS The sources of fluorine in the natural atmosphere, rocks, soils, water, and plants, were reviewed, and the factors affecting its form and content by the environment were analyzed, such as topography, rain leaching, soil parent material, soil pH, soil organic matter and geochemical behavior. RESULTS Fluorine has a wide range of sources. At present, more than 260 million people in the world have been affected by environmental problems caused by fluorine. Therefore, it is of great significance to carry out a health risk assessment. The common health risk assessment models of fluorine include Hazard Quotient and Hazard Index. Probabilistic methods are often used in risk analysis. At present, there are also applications of multi-channel exposure assessment methods to assess fluorine. The feasibility and limitations of traditional models were compared. CONCLUSIONS It is necessary to consider the uncertainty and sensitivity of the health risk assessment models, determine the fluorine enrichment pathway, improve the combined exposure assessment models, and consider the bioavailability of fluorine intake for health risk assessment of fluorine. The next step of research on health risk assessment of fluorine can use models to predict the risks of fluorine. It is still necessary to have a deep understanding of the source, occurrences, migration path and content influencing factors of fluorine to assess the health risks.

Objective To explore the effect of over-expression of endoplasmic reticulum protein 29 (ERP29) on the invasion and migration of human ovarian cancer OVCAR3 cells, and potentially related mechanisms. Methods The OVCAR3 cell line at logarithmic proliferation stage was divided into over-expression group, empty vector group and control group. The over-expression group was transfected with ERP29 over-expression RNA recombinant eukaryotic vector pcDNA3.1-ERP29 plasmid by liposome transfection method. The empty vector group was transfected with the negative control vector pcDNA3.1 empty plasmid without any treatment. The transfection efficiency was examined by inverted fluorescence microscopy, The expression of ERP29 mRNA after transfection was measured by RT-qPCR. Transwell chamber experiment was used to detect the invasion. The scratch experiment was used to detect the migration. Western blot was used to detect the expression of AKT, p-AKT, mTOR, p-mTOR, 4EBP1, p-4EBP1 protein. Results The plasmid transfection efficiency in over- expression group and empty vector group all exceeded 80%. Compared with the control group and the empty vector group, the relative expression of ERP29 mRNA in the over-expression group was increased (P＜0.05), the number of transmembrane cells ,migration rate and p-AKT/AKT, p-mTOR/mTOR, p-4EBP1/4EBP1 were all decreased(P＜0.05). Conclusions Over-expression of ERP29 can significantly inhibit the invasion and migration of ovarian cancer OVCAR3 cells,the underline mechanism is potentially the inhibition by down-regulating phosphorylation of AKT, mTOR, and 4EBP1.

The searching for potential quantum chromodynamics (QCD) phase transition signals is a fundamental goal of on-going experiments on heavy-ion collisions, which is critical to understanding the properties of strongly interacting matter under extreme conditions, the inner structure of compact stars, gravitational waves emitted from neutron star mergers, etc. In particular, the beam energy scan program carried out at the Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider (RHIC) provides a unique tool that enables studies into the QCD phase diagram and the conjectured QCD critical point. Besides the event-by-event fluctuation of conserved charges, which has been widely accepted as a useful study of the QCD critical point, the production of light nuclei can serve as a sensitive observable to the QCD phase transitions in high-energy heavy-ion collisions. The density fluctuation and correlation among nucleons are automatically encoded in the production of light nuclei in heavy-ion collisions. This study aims to demonstrate how to probe QCD phase transition with light nuclei production in heavy-ion collisions. The progress of studies in this area over the last few years is reviewed. The nucleon coalescence model provides a suitable tool for the study of the effects of density fluctuation/correlation on light nuclei production. A transport model based on the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio (NJL) model is developed to simulate the occurrence of the first-order chiral phase transition in heavy-ion collisions. Within the coalescence model for light nuclei production, the yield ratio NtNp/Nd2 of protons (p), deuterons(d), and tritons (t) is shown to be sensitive to the nucleon density fluctuation and correlation and can function as a good probe to the non-smooth QCD phase transition. The production of light nuclei in heavy-ion collisions encodes the information about baryon density fluctuations and correlations, and enhancements of the yield ratio NtNp/Nd2 could serve as an indicator for the occurrence of a first-order or second-order QCD phase transition.

In order to protect the Internet of Vehicles system from the threat of network attacks and improve the accuracy of intrusion detection, a new intrusion detection method (AQVAE-RGSNet) was proposed for the characteristics of large data flow and unbalanced attack types in the vehicle network. Firstly, the adversarial quantized variational auto encoder was used to process the vehicle network data imbalance. And it was constructed by combining the vector quantized variational auto encoder-2 and the generative adversarial network with gradient penalty to alleviate the extremely unbalanced number of samples of abnormal attack types in the dataset. Afterwards, the ResNet and improved segmented residual neural network were used to learn the input sample data and predict its attack category. The experimental results indicated that AQVAE-RGSNet achieved F1 scores of 0. 998 6 and 0. 999 7 on the vehicle networking dataset CICDS2017 and CAN-intrusion-dataset, respectively. On the premise of ensuring the best training effect, it could identify attack threats more effectively in the vehicle network. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

According to studies by relevant scholars, the ground subsidence rate in Sanhe City, Hebei, increased gradually from 2003 to 2016, with the most severe subsidence observed in the Yanjiao area, which has become contiguous with the subsidence area in Tongzhou, Beijing. However, the development trend of ground subsidence disasters in Sanhe City after 2016 remains unclear. With the implementation of national policies such as the integration of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region and the construction of Beijing's sub-center, it is crucial to identify the development and evolution characteristics of land subsidence disasters in Sanhe City and analyze their causes to ensure the urban safety and sustainable development of Sanhe City. In this context, the authors used SBAS-InSAR technology to interpret the evolution characteristics of ground subsidence in Sanhe City from 2018 to 2020, and analyzed several inducing factors that led to land subsidence in Sanhe City, summarizing the main causes. Through this study, the spatial distribution and evolutionary characteristics of land subsidence disasters in Sanhe City were grasped: the western part of the city exhibits severe subsidence, while the eastern part is less affected, with a focus on the overall characteristics of key subsidence areas. Two main subsidence areas were identified, namely, the Yanjiao Town subsidence area with three subsidence funnels and the DuanJialing town subsidence area with one subsidence funnel, with the former being the most severely affected. From 2018 to 2020, the overall trend of ground subsidence disasters in Sanhe City showed a slowdown. Through comparative analysis, it was determined that severe overexploitation of groundwater, soil properties, urbanization development, and population growth are the main factors contributing to the occurrence and development of ground subsidence disasters in Sanhe City. The research results of this paper will provide reference for the prevention and control of ground subsidence disasters in the region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As an important trait of poultry, bone characteristics affect the healthy development of poultry. Breeding of fast weight gain broilers and laying hens with a high laying rate increases the burden on skeletal system, which easily leads to abnormal skeletal development of chickens. Bone metabolism imbalance easily affects bone health, and then affects chicken growth performance. Chinese herbal medicine has many advantages, such as abundant medicine source, many nutrients and active ingredients, good application effect, little toxic and side effects, and is not easy to produce durable medicinal properties, so it has a wide application prospect in livestock and poultry production. At present, the research on Chinese herbal medicine and its active components regulating chicken bone metabolism and bone health has become a hot spot. In this paper, the growth and development of chicken bone, the characteristics of bone metabolism and common bone diseases of chicken were briefly described, and the research on bone metabolism and bone health of chicken by Chinese herbal medicine and its active components was summarized, which provided a reference for the development and application of Chinese herbal medicine in the prevention and treatment of chicken bone diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hydrocyclone is a common solid-liquid separation equipment, but due to its own structural limitations, the classification accuracy in the cyclone is not high. As the primary channel for multiphase flow entering the cyclone, the feed body has a significant impact on the classification performance of the cyclone. However, the problems of turbulent diffusion caused by high turbulent flow field in the feed body and low particle classification accuracy caused by collision and compression between particles urgently need to be solved. Therefore, a composite curve feed structure cyclone has been designed, which reduces the proportion of fine particles entering the bottom flow by regulating the internal flow field and particle motion in the feed body, thereby achieving the goal of improving classification accuracy. The numerical analysis method was used to explore the flow field characteristics and classification performance characteristics of five types of hydrocyclones with different feed-body structure: linear feed body, involute feed body, vortex feed body, linear guide feed body, and composite curve feed body. The superiority of the hydrocyclone with composite curve feed body was highlighted, and comprehensive exploration was conducted from the aspects of pressure field, velocity field, classification efficiency, and so on. Finally, experimental exploration was conducted on it. The results show that the composite curve feed body structure has better fine particle classification performance compared to other feed body structures, and the internal flow field is more stable. At the same time, the isobaric surface distribution shows regular changes, and the particle movement is more stable. The tangential velocity of the composite curve feed body is significantly higher than that of other feed body structures, and the particles obtain greater centrifugal driving force, making them easier to classify. The experimental results show that the separation efficiency of the compound curve feed body hydrocyclone is 46.32%, which is 7.32% higher than that of the conventional feed body hydrocyclone, and the content of -24 µm particles in the compound curve underflow is 15.07% lower than that of the conventional one. The content of -24 jum particles in the overflow is 3.39% higher than that in the conventional type, and the particle classification accuracy is greatly improved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To reveal the effect of particle size gradation on the loading characteristics and flowability of powder fuels and improve the working performance of powder ramjet engines, the effects of particle properties and grading methods on the loading characteristics and flowability of powder fuels were investigated taking boron-based powder fuels as research object. And the fluidized transport performance of the graded powder was verified by powder supply system. The results show that the filling of small-size particles in the gap of large-size particles can improve the filling density but reduce the flowability. When the small-size particles in the multi-stage graded powder are less flowable, the filling density of premixed graded particles is higher than that of batch filling method, and vice versa. The particle size distribution of boron-based powder fuel prepared by agglomerated granulation has the characteristics of fractal distribution. The fractal gradation method can also increase the particle filling density by about 15.7%, the fractal dimension after fractal grading is 2.33, filling density is 0.957g/cm³ and filling rate is 53.8%, maintaining good fluidization performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The experiment was to find a green and effective method to separate flavonoids from Eucommia ulmoides leaves. Ultrasonic-assisted choline tryptophan ionic liquid was used to extract flavonoids from Eucommia ulmoides leaves. Response surface methodology was used to optimize the extraction of total flavonoids. Aqueous two-phase combined with antisolvent precipitation was used to separate and extract flavonoids, and the components of flavonoids extracts were analyzed by liquid chromatography. The results showed that the optimum parameters of response surface optimization were ultrasonic time 54.76 min, ultrasonic power 504.8 W and liquid-material ratio 23.5 mL/g, and the predicted extraction rate of total flavonoids was 2.66%. Under the optimized conditions of ultrasonic time 55 min, ultrasonic power 505 W and liquid-material ratio 24 mL/g, the extraction rate of total flavonoids from Eucommia ulmoides leaves was 2.53%. The content of rutin and quercetin in flavonoids extract was 50.88% and 1.26%, respectively. The study indicates that the process used in the experiment is green and environmentally friendly, and can be used as an efficient method for separating and extracting flavonoids from Eucommia ulmoides leaves. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]