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In the first half of the 20th century, the central government of Republic of China carried out a series of reforms in Khams and gradually incorporated them into the provincial and country systems. As a multi-ethnic province on the frontier, the implementation of the provincial system in Khams had its particularity, complexity and limitations. The National Government defined the ethnic issues as a local problem, solved the problem of the minority hereditary headsman in Khams by local autonomy, and carried out a preliminary reform on the feudal serfdom. Due to the influence of the situation in Khams and the class limitations, the National Government did not reform the feudal land ownership which the serfdom system and the chieftain system depended on. Skal-bzang-tshe-ring, an elite of Kangba, put forward the idea of abolishing the provincial system and establishing an autonomous region from the perspective of ethnic autonomy. After the founding of the People’s Republic of China, the Chinese Communist Party adopted regional ethnic autonomy as the institutional framework in Khams. After the democratic reform, the society in Khams realized the comprehensive transformation, which was the inevitable result of the historical development of Khams area in modern times and the people’s choice of modern Kangzang. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]