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Among the failure modes of high-grade steel pipelines, cracking or leakage failures of girth welds account for nearly 1/3 in total. Thus, different assessment methods are adopted for various types of indicators, and a risk assessment method based on comprehensive fuzzy theory and index method was proposed. Specifically, the non-quantifiable assessment indicators were obtained by the fault tree method and the maximum membership degree was calculated by combining the fuzzy assessment and the entropy weight method. On this basis, the quantifiable assessment indicators were determined according to the requirements of relevant standards, and their risk values were calculated by the index method. Finally, a risk assessment matrix was established according to the maximum membership degree and risk values obtained with the index method, so as to determine the risk level of girth welds. Herein, risk assessment was performed for the girth welds in a section of Myanmar-China Natural Gas Pipeline with the proposed method. According to the results, the failure risk of girth welds in the pipeline section is mainly determined by the non-quantifiable indicators and the pipeline section is at high risk. Definitely, poor implementation of pipeline maintenance plan, unacceptable qualification of welders, unclear welding procedure specification and other objective factors are the main causes of girth weld failure, and the assessment results are consistent with the field accident reports. Generally, the proposed method supplements and improves the risk assessment system for girth welds of high-grade steel pipelines, and could provide theoretical reference for solving the problem of girth weld failure in high-grade steel pipelines.

Objective To establish a mouse model of acute pseudomembranous stomatitis and to observe the effect of photoactivated disinfection (PAD) on the removal of Candida albicans in vivo, and initially explore the feasibility of this technology in the treatment of acute pseudomembranous stomatitis. Methods Six-week-old male ICR mice were selected and immunized with 1 × 107CFU/mL Candida albicans solution on the backs of the tongues of immunosuppressed mice. Thirty model mice with acute pseudomembranous stomatitis were successfully established and randomly divided into a control group and a photoactivated disinfection group, with 15 mice in each group. Mice in the photoactivated disinfection group were coated with 1 mg/mL toluidine blue solution on the back of the tongue, incubated for 1 min and irradiated with 750 mW LED red light for 1 min. Immediately after treatment, the tongue fungal load was measured in the photoactivated disinfection group and the control group. Tongue fungal load was measured again 48 h later, and tongue histopathological examination was performed in both groups. Results Forty-eight hours after PAD treatment, the white pseudomembrane on the back of the tongue in the photoactivated group was significantly less than the control group. The fungal load on the dorsum of the tongue in the treatment group was significantly lower than the control group immediately and 48 h after treatment for PAD, and the difference was statistically significant (P

To build the foundation of food security and accelerate the pace of building a strong agricultural country, it is necessary to promote the high-quality development of agriculture. This is not only the core path of Chinese-style modernization, but also the key to meeting international and domestic development challenges. In the great journey towards Chinese-style modernization, we must deeply realize that the development of the times, the international situation and domestic demand have jointly shaped the important position of building a strong agricultural country. At present, it is necessary not only to enhance the comprehensive agricultural production capacity, but also to promote the rural economic revitalization and enhance the consumption capacity of rural residents. In addition, it is necessary to give full play to the diversity of agricultural science and technology, improve the sustainable development of rural environment and enhance the competitiveness of agriculture. Therefore, promoting the construction of a powerful agricultural country is an urgent need to pay equal attention to the yield, quality, and safety of food. To promote the construction of a strong agricultural country and consolidate the foundation of food security with Chinese-style modernization, the following measures should be taken: Optimizing the food security system to ensure national food security, accelerate scientific and technological research and realize technological innovation of grain production, explore the diversified development model of agriculture and promote the transformation and upgrading of agricultural industrial structure, promote the construction of agricultural management organizations and improve the efficiency of agricultural management, empowering opening to the outside world and enhancing the competitiveness of Chinese agricultural products in the global market. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fermentation is an important strategy for food preservation, and fermented foods are the result of the joint action of a diverse range of microorganisms that impart a special flavor to the product. Quorum sensing system (QS) is a highly targeted and universal microbial regulation mechanism, which is based on population density and regulates the behavior of multiple gene expressions by sensing the concentration of autoinducers (AI). According to different types of AIs, QS systems are classified into three major categories. The article provided an overview of fermented foods and the three major types of QS systems. The positive effects of QS systems on microbial co-culture, the prevention and control of harmful microorganisms, and the effects on fermented food quality were described. From the perspective of QS, the article broadens the research ideas of microorganisms in fermented foods, and lays the foundation for further improving the application of microorganisms in food production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To investigate the relationship between the rate of weight gain in the first and second trimesters and gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)., Methods: A total of 1189 maternal cases were included at baseline from May to September 2019 when they first came to the Maternal and Child Health Hospital in Ma'anshan for delivery and establishment of maternal health handbook(≤14 weeks+6). A total of 968 maternal cases were included in the final analysis, including 289 cases of GDM. Information on maternal socio-demographic characteristics, past history and lifestyle was collected through questionnaires. Oral glucose tolerance test was performed to screen for GDM at 24-28 weeks of pregnancy. Multi-factor logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between the rate of weight gain in the first and second trimesters and GDM., Results: After adjusting for pre-pregnancy BMI, age, occupation, number of births, number of pregnancies, type of residence, family history of diabetes, season of conception and mode of conception, an increased risk of GDM was found for rapid weight gain in early pregnancy compared with appropriate rate of gain(rapid group: aOR=1.92, 95%CI 1.20-3.07). No risk of GDM was found for rapid or slow weight gain in mid-pregnancy(rapid group : aOR=0.89, 95%CI 0.47-1.70)(slow group: aOR=1.57, 95%CI 0.85-2.90). Further stratified by pre-pregnancy BMI, pre-pregnancy BMI <24-overly rapid growth rate in early pregnancy was a risk factor for GDM(rapid group; aOR=1.98, 95%CI 1.16-3.38) and no significant association was observed in pregnant women with pre-pregnancy BMI ≥24(slow group: aOR=0.79, 95%CI 0.29-2.12; rapid group: aOR=1.61, 95%CI 0.60-4.30). A multiplicative model showing no interaction between pre-pregnancy BMI and early pregnancy weight gain rate for GDM., Conclusion: Excessive growth rate in the first pregnancy can affect the risk of GDM.

Objective: To explore the independent and combined effects of smoking and passive smoking during pregnancy on maternal depression, anxiety and depressive anxiety comorbidities., Methods: From August 2020 to February 2022, women who underwent 42-day postpartum examination in Changfeng Women's Center and Shuangfeng Hospital of Hefei were recruited. Their depression and anxiety symptoms were assessed using EPDS Scale and GAD Scale, respectively, and smoking and passive smoking status during pregnancy were collected. Multivariate Logistic regression was used to analyze the independent and combined effects of smoking and passive smoking during pregnancy on postpartum depression, anxiety and depression and anxiety comorbidities., Results: A total of 2 447 parturients were included, whose mean age was(29.23±4.20) years old.58.6% of parturients lived in urban areas.97.2% parturients had unassisted reproduction and 73.5% pregnancy intention was spontaneous. Among them, 362(14.8%) had depression, 523(21.4%) had anxiety, and 270(11.0%) had depression and anxiety comorbidities. In an independent analysis of effects, maternal smoking during pregnancy was statistically associated with postpartum depression(OR=3.86, 95%CI 2.37-6.28), anxiety(OR =2.58, 95%CI 1.60-4.17) and depressive anxiety comorbidity(OR = 3.34, 95%CI 2.00-5.71). Maternal passive smoking during pregnancy was also positively associated with the risk of postpartum depression(OR = 1.56, 95%CI 2.00-5.71), anxiety(OR=1.71, 95%CI 1.24-2.37) and depression and anxiety comorbidities(OR = 1.52, 95%CI 1.02-2.28), and the higher the frequency of exposure to passive smoking, the higher risk of depression, anxiety, and depressive and anxiety comorbidities. No interaction between smoking during pregnancy and passive smoking exposure on postpartum depression(RERI = 0.69, 95%CI-4.62-6.00; AP = 10.84, 95%CI-73.37-95.04; S= 0.58, 95%CI 0.02-15.18), anxiety(RERI=0.27, 95%CI 0.05-0.49; AP=4.02, 95%CI-0.52-8.57; S=0.78, 95%CI 0.64-0.94) and depression and anxiety comorbidities(RERI = 0.07, 95%CI-0.25-0.39; AP=1.74, 95%CI-6.03-9.52; S=0.93, 95%CI 0.68-1.27)was observed., Conclusion: Both smoking and passive smoking during pregnancy were positively associated with the risk of postpartum depression, anxiety and depressive anxiety comorbidity.

Working memory is an important foundation for advanced cognitive function. The paper combines the spatiotemporal advantages of electroencephalography (EEG) and functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to explore the neurovascular coupling mechanism of working memory. In the data analysis, the convolution matrix of time series of different trials in EEG data and hemodynamic response function (HRF) and the blood oxygen change matrix of fNIRS are extracted as the coupling characteristics. Then, canonical correlation analysis (CCA) is used to calculate the cross correlation between the two modal features. The results show that CCA algorithm can extract the similar change trend of related components between trials, and fNIRS activation of frontal pole region and dorsolateral prefrontal lobe are correlated with the delta, theta, and alpha rhythms of EEG data. This study reveals the mechanism of neurovascular coupling of working memory, and provides a new method for fusion of EEG data and fNIRS data.