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Integrated energy systems enable the complementary utilization of various forms of energy. With the rapid increase in installed capacity of distributed generations, their intermittency and randomness have posed significant challenges to the operational efficiency and safety of the system. To address the impact of uncertainties in both energy supply and demand on the economic scheduling of building integrated energy systems, this study first models the operational characteristics of each subsystem, including the power grid, natural gas network, and various coupled equipments. Next, a thermal cell model of the building users is constructed based on the quantitative relationship among temperature, thermal radiation, and thermal load. Then, a day-ahead optimization scheduling model for the building integrated energy systems is established with the objective of minimizing the operating cost. A chance-constrained programming approach is employed to convert the non-linear scheduling model into a mixed-integer second-order cone programming problem easy to solve. Finally, simulation analysis is conducted in the Python environment using the CPLEX solver. The results demonstrate that the proposed model and solution method are capable of effectively characterizing and addressing uncertainty risks in the system, facilitating the consumption of renewable energy, and improving the economic efficiency of system operation.

Background Smart bracelets are increasingly used in chronic disease management, which help improve patient adherence and motivation to exercise interventions, but more evidence for their long-term effectiveness in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in the community needs to be explored. Objective To develop an intervention model for community-dwelling type 2 diabetes patients using smart bracelets, and to assess its long-term effectiveness in these patients. Methods From July to August 2018, this study selected 11 community health institutions from 11 districts of Guangzhou (one from each district) as study settings. And from each setting, 10-15 T2DM patients were selected (intervention group), and were compared to sex-matched and age-matched (+/- two years) T2DM patients (control group). The intervention was carried out from September 2018 to August 2019 in two groups, both received standardized health management services provided by the family physician team and underwent the exercise prescribed by an exercise prescriber. The intervention group additionally received health monitoring and management via wearing a smart bracelet, and set personalized exercise challenge goals under the guidance of an exercise prescriber. The score of the Chinese version of Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities Measure (SDSCA-C), comprehensive assessment indicators, and attainment rates of key glycemic indicators were compared between the two groups before and after the intervention. Results Ninety-two patients in the control group and 144 patients in the intervention group completed one-year intervention and follow-up. After the intervention, the subscale scores of dietary management and foot care management and the total score of SDSCA-C increased notably in the intervention group (P0.05). Two groups had no statistically significant differences in all comprehensive assessment indicators at baseline (P>0.05). After one year of intervention, besides a decrease was found in total cholesterol, apolipoprotein A1 and apolipoprotein B in both groups, a reduction was found in waist circumference in the intervention group, and in fasting plasma glucose (FPG), triacylglycerol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in the control group (P

Objective To screen and analyze the differentially-expressed genes （DEGs） of diabetic nephropathy （DN） by bioinformatics methods, aiming to explore the mechanism of IRF4 in DN, and to find potential molecular targets of DN. Methods The GSE142025 dataset was downloaded from the GEO database, including 9 cases in normal control group and 21 cases in advanced DN（aDN） group, and the DEGs were screened. The GSEA enrichment revealed the molecular biological process of the DEGs. Protein-protein interaction networks of DEG were visualized using String and Cytoscape software. The relative expression levels of major DEGs in six DN renal tissues （DN group） and six normal renal tissues after tumor resection （NC group） were verified using RT-qPCR, PAS and SP staining. Results GEO data analysis revealed 1213 differentially-expressed mRNA, of which 684 were up-regulated and 529 were down-regulated. The GSEA and KEGG pathway enrichment of DEGs showed that the DEGs in the DN group were significantly enriched in the JAK/STAT signaling pathway, chemokine signaling pathway, Fcγreceptor-mediated phagocytosis of macrophages signaling pathway, leukocyte transendothelial migration signaling pathway and T cell receptor signaling pathway. The relative expression levels of IRF4, signal lymphocyte activating molecule 6 and IL-2 receptor α subunit mRNA in the DN group were significantly higher compared with those in the NC group （all P < 0.001）. The PAS and SP staining results were consistent with those of RT-qPCR. Conclusion The GSEA enrichment pathways show that the inflammatory pathway is significantly active, and the expression of IRF4 as a hub gene is significantly up-regulated in the DN tissues, which may be involved in the highly-active inflammatory pathway and promote the progression of inflammation in DN.

The gold deposit in Xinjiang is located in the Kalamailimetallogenic subzone of the northern Junggarmetallogenic belt, with superior geological conditions for gold mineralization. The primary ore is difficult to separate due to its high carbon, arsenic and antimony contents and easy mudding. In the laboratory experiment, the primary ore is leached by granulationand the direct leaching rate is only 16.99%. However, by adopting flotation concentrate- roasting-cyanidation process, a total gold recovery of 73.14% is achieved. The study results show that the combined beneficiation and metallurgy process can make the gold mine reach a higher beneficiation and metallurgy index at areasonable cost.

Forward error correction (FEC) coding is a technique to cope with packet loss in network transmission.By adding redundant data to the transmission process,the receiver can recover the original data directly from the redundant data in packet loss scenarios.In the scenario of high packet loss and high latency,adding forward error correction coding appropriately can save a lot of waiting time for timeout retransmission to improve the quality of service of network transmission.Adding too much redundancy will result in bandwidth wasting,while insufficient redundancy will fail to recover lost data,so the difficulty of using forward error correction coding in practice is to properly control the proportion of redundant data.Nowadays,most of the forward error correction coding research is based on traditional network protocols,but with the rise of QUIC (quick UDP internet connections) protocol,more forward error correction researches start to incorporate QUIC protocol due to its characters like 0-RTT (round trip time) connectivity,multiplexing,seamless connection migration to further improve transmission performance.This paper gives an overview of forward error correction coding,introduces its application scenarios,basic policies and adaptive redundancy control strategies.Then it introduces the research status of forward error correcting coding in traditional protocols in unicast and multicast scenarios.Finally,this paper introduces the current research status and challenges of forward error correction coding in QUIC protocol.

In this paper, the TAW-1000 triaxial test system is used to carry out the triaxial compression test of the complete and single fractured coals under different confining pressures, and the acoustic emission monitoring system is used. This paper analyzes the failure mechanism of fractured coal and rock based on the fracture diagram of fractured coal and the relationship between stress and strain. The results show that: the stress of single fracture coal is more complex than that of intact coal. The stress concentration at the tip of the fracture leads to the formation of micro cracks and the development of connectivity, which makes the coal enter the plastic stage earlier and leads to the significant deterioration of the strength and elastic modulus of coal. The results show that the lateral deformation of fractured coal and rock is more significant than that of intact coal and rock under higher confining pressure; with the increase of confining pressure, the fracture mode of 45° fractured coal and rock presents an excessive failure mode from direct shear failure to oblique shear failure; the stress-strain curve of 60° fractured coal and rock presents a plateform softening, and the change of elastic modulus is not obvious with the increase of confining pressure; under the same confining pressure, with the increase of fracture angle, the mechanical parameters of fractured coal and rock deteriorate significantly with the increase of fracture degree. The fracture dip angle is positively correlated with the ringing number.

The research status of phase change materials in data center energy saving is reviewed. Firstly, this paper briefly introduces the energy consumption and phase change materials in the data center, explains the application significance of phase change materials in the data center, then describes the functions and application progress of phase change materials from the two aspects of data center cooling and energy storage, and finally prospects the development of phase change materials in the data center in the future, and provides relevant references for later research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is an important part for fishing technology innovation to adopt large-size mesh substitutes to replace traditional small mesh in the trawl fisheries and to improve the performance of fishing gear. Enlarging the mesh size and improving mesh structure could reduce drag and increase vertical expansion of mesh opening, which has been widely used in production. And the applied research on trawl with large size mesh has gained valuable conclusion and great production efficiency. However, because of lacking fundamental research, fishing material and technology was still backward, and trawl design theory was inadequate in our country, the independent design and manufacture of large trawl fishing gear has not yet been implemented. This paper briefly reviewed the progress in applied research on trawls with large mesh in China from mesh size, mesh structure, fishing materials and basis of design theory, etc., expecting to provide references for upgrading the fishing techniques. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Some properties on irreducible nonnegative matrices are characterized by using spectrum theory of nonnegative matrices and block matrix method. Firstly, several propositions of the algebraic properties on nonnegative irreducible matrices are further explored. Secondly, the sufficient and necessary condition of nonnegative irreducible matrices are obtained. Lastly, the cogredient standard form is established, and the cogredient structure of the nonnegative irreducible matrices will further provid insight into irreducible nonnegative matrices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pelagic fishing is an integral part of the carbon sink fishery, which not only provides consumers with high quality aquatic products, but also has a carbon sink function. Based on the assessment model I and II , the tuna fishery carbon sinks of China was evaluated by the data provided by Indian Ocean Tuna Commission ( IOTC ) and integrated with related information on trophic level from 1995 to 2012. The results showed that the mean trophic level of tuna fishery was between 4.34∼4.45 from 1995 to 2012, and the frequency of 4.41 ∼ 4.45 was 66.66%. The average carbon sinks of assessment model I was 541 300 t, and the peak was 1 245 100 t in 2006. The species of BET, YFT and ALB were the major contribution to carbon sinks assessment model II , the average value was 550 500 t, and the peak was 1 258 300 t in 2006. The results of assessment model I and II had the same trends, but the measuring value of model II was lower, and the relative difference between them was only 2.35%. The systematic studies on energy, transfer efficiency of tuna food web in different sea, species and life cycle should be carried out in order to accurately assess the amount of carbon sinks of tuna fishery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Seaweed farming is an important part of fishery industry in China. It has multiple ecological functions. This paper used reforestation cost approach, industrial oxygen price method and production cost method to evaluate the ecological value of seaweed farming including carbon sink, oxygen release and absorption of nutrients in the sea. The results indicated that, during 2000-2012, the annual ecological value of seaweed farming was about 60.9 billion Yuan/a. Among which the ecological value of carbon sinks was 4.29 billion Yuan/a, releasing oxygen was 6.34 billion Yuan/a, N, P absorption was 598.40 billion Yuan/a, which accounts for over 98% of the total value. Seaweed farming ecological value index and 2 sub-indices of carbon sinks, ecological value index oxygen release and absorption N, P were constructed. The paper suggested to strengthen the research on seaweed farming ecological functions, so as to lay a foundation for establishing a mechanism for seaweed farming ecological value accounting and ecological compensation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Investigates a signal processor of electromic warefare(EW) digital receiver based on FFT/IFFT algorithm, and realized completely by FPGA constructed annularly. Four FPGAs implement respectively the high-speed data transmission interface, FFT/IFFT operation and signal detection in the time/frequency domain. The FPGAs run with distributed, multi-bus, parallel and pipeline mode. This processor can detect the parameters of carrier frequency and pulse description word for 4 simultaneous-arrival signals at most, and they need only about 20 ms to detect 4 signals while 256 K(1 K= 1 024) point FFT and 32 K point IFFT are adopted. The data receiving, operating and signal detection in time/frequency domain are realized on a board. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pidgin is one of the special kinds of language variation. Historically, Chinese pidgin has undergone such four stages as Chinese-Portugal pidgin, Cantonese-English pidgin, Shanghai-English pidgin and modem Chinese-English pidgin. As one of the most important ingredients of modem Chinese-English pidgin, Chinese cyber-pidgin is getting more and more popular in recent years. Sociolinguistically, Chinese-Portugal pidgin, Cantonese-English pidgin and Shanghai-English pidgin resulted from the political, military, economical invasion of the imperialists so that it is viewed as a colonial language variable, but Chinese cyber-pidgin is quite different from the pidgin at those different historical stages in that it results from foreign cultural penetration and the importance of English language proficiency that Chinese educational departments or personnel departments emphasize. Therefore it, in fact, acts as the acculturation model of pidgin. Now, the majority of the speech community members of Chinese cyber-pidgin are Chinese so that most of the words or phrases in a sentence are Chinese mixed with some loan words, most of which are derived from English. Morphologically, the loan words used in Chinese cyber-pidgin can be classified into two kinds: the word of content morpheme and the word of allomorph, to which some word-forming approaches have been employed such as blending, clipping, abbreviation, prefix-word blending, number or number-letter blending, partial tones or even drawing, etc. The invention and popularization of Chinese cyber-pidgin are found to be based on such integrated motivations as psychological motivation, expressive motivation, logical motivation, rhetorical motivation, aesthetic motivation and regional motivation. In addition, Chinese cyber-pidgin has some underlying and powerful impacts on the invention and development of Chinese net cultural neology, and those different approaches to allomorph in the system of the Chinese cyber-pidgin have been so widely employed that an increasing number of lexical, phonological or syntactic variations have been found in Chinese net cultural neology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

According to calculating ol the support strength when the repeated mining face passing through abandoned parallel gateway,a mechanical model for studying the principle of main roof fracture was established through spot investigation and analysis for fracture of roof of workface. Three factors such as the width of coal pillar between repeated mining face and abandoned parallel gateway, the distance between repeated mining face and main roof fracture line and the width of abandoned parallel roadways which may lead to the advanced fracture of main roof was put forward. Through the analysis of the three factors,the mechanical mechanism of advanced fracture of main roof was obtained. It shows that the coal pillars become destabilization when coal being extracted. The destabilization of the coal pillars leaves roof beam unsupported and increases the length of cantilever beam. When the length of cantilever beam is greater than or equal to cycle weighting interval, the cantilever beam breaks. Based on the Bieniawski formula, the critical width of coal pillar that becomes destabilization and the critical width of abandoned parallel gateway that main roof inevitably breaks in advance are calculated. The size of broken rock block of mechanical model of main roof weighting is adjusted on the basis of the mechanical model of main roof fracture. The adjustment is used to calculate the support strength of hydraulic support when repeated mining face passing through abandoned parallel gateway. It shows that the least support strength is 10 910. 77 kN. On-the-spot observation results show that the support strength is 9 656 kN when repeated mining face passing through abandoned parallel gateway. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) has the main manifestations of pulmonary edema in the early stage and characteristic alveolar obstruction and microvascular dysplasia in the late stage, which may be caused by structural and functional destruction of the lung epithelial barrier. The Claudin family is the main component of tight junction and plays an important role in regulating the permeability of paracellular ions and solutes. Claudin-18 is the only known tight junction protein solely expressed in the lung. The lack of Claudin-18 can lead to barrier dysfunction and impaired alveolar development, and the knockout of Claudin-18 can cause characteristic histopathological changes of BPD. This article elaborates on the important role of Claudin-18 in the development and progression of BPD from the aspects of lung epithelial permeability, alveolar development, and progenitor cell homeostasis, so as to provide new ideas for the pathogenesis and clinical treatment of BPD.

Objective: To investigate the clinical characteristics, diagnosis, treatment and etiology of persistent Müllerian duct syndrome (PMDS)., Methods: A 3-year-old boy was diagnosed with PMDS according to the clinical manifestations and the results of ultrasonography, laboratory examinations and earlier surgical examination. We performed genetic tests for the patient and his family members, removed the infantile uterus by laparoscopic wedge hysterectomy, biopsied and descended the bilateral testes, and ligated the bilateral internal rings, followed by a retrospective analysis and review of relevant literature., Results: The operation was successful. Gonad biopsy revealed testis tissue, and PMDS was confirmed by intraoperative findings and related examinations. Good bilateral testicular blood supply was found during the 6-month follow-up after surgery. Medical exome sequencing showed the AMHR2 gene c.1499G > A (p.Cys500Tyr) mutant homozygote (A/A) in the patient and his sister and mutant heterozygote (G/A) in his parents., Conclusions: Laparoscopy is definitely effective for the treatment of PMDS. In surgery, the infantile uterus should be removed in case of good blood supply to the testis, and so were the bilateral testes if they cannot be descended. The homozygous mutation in the AMHR2 gene c. 1499G > A (p. Cys500Tyr) can lead to male PMDS. Pedigree investigation may provide some evidence for possible fertility in PMDS patients.

Objective To investigate the anti-inflammatory activity of Ageratina adenophora essential oil (AAEO-CP) and its effects on the expression of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) protein in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW264.7 cells. Methods RAW264.7 cells were divided into control group, LPS group, and LPS combined with AAEO-CP group. The cytotoxicity of AAEO-CP was detected by CCK-8 assay. The mRNA and protein expression of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and IL-10 were detected by real-time PCR and ELISA, respectively, and the protein expression of TLR4 in RAW264.7 cells was measured by Western blotting. Results AAEO-CP below 20 mg/mL was not cytotoxic to RAW264.7 cells. LPS increased the protein expression of TLR4, also increased the protein and mRNA expression of IL-6, but decrease the protein and mRNA expression of IL-10 in RAW264.7 cells. And all of the above results were reversed by AAEO-CP. Conclusion AAEO-CP can play the anti-inflammatory effects by increasing the expression of IL-10 protein and decreasing the expression of IL-6 protein, and inhibiting TLR4 protein in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells.

Microcystis in natural water bodies may frequently go through periods of nutrient limitation and then may recover when the limited nutrient becomes available. We investigated changes in cell physiology and expression of photosynthesis-related genes during the recovery of Microcystis aeruginosa from nitrogen starvation and phosphorus starvation with the method of 14 C isotope and fluorescent quantitative PCR. Our results suggested that Microcystis cells relieved from N starvation and P starvation resumed growth within 24 h and displayed significantly higher growth rates than not-starved-cells in the first 48 h. Carbon production rates and the expression levels of photosynthesis-related genes all increased rapidly after relieving from N starvation and P starvation in different degrees, enabling the rapid recovery from nutrient starvation. However, N-starved cells can not resume their cellular activity to full capacity when N became available and the damage of N deficiency to M. aeruginosa was unrecoverable, whereas cellular activity of P-starved cells could recover to normal properties.

Objectives: To study the effect of high mobility group chromosomal protein N2 on inhibiting cervical cancer in nude mice., Methods: Model of cervical cancer were established in nude mice. They were randomly divided into 4 groups including negative control group, HMGN2 group, cisplatin group and HMGN2 with cisplatin group. After 4 injections, the tumor size were calculated and tumor tissues were stained by haematoxylin eosin (HE) staining., Results: Transplated tumor models were established successfully. The tumor sizes of negative control group [(0.38±0.12) cm³] were significantly lower than those of HMGN2 group [(0.14±0.07)cm³, cisplatin group [(0.11±0.06) cm³] and HMGN2 combined with cisplatin group[(0.11±0.07) cm³]. No differences were detected in HMGN2 group, cisplatin group and HMGN2 with cisplatin group in tumor sizes. The tumor inhibition rates of HMGN2 group, cisplatin group and HMGN2 with cisplatin group were 0.62±0.18, 0.71±0.17 and 0.70±0.18, respectively. The necrosis area were smaller in negative control group than in other three groups by HE staining., Conclusions: HMGN2 has a significant inhibitory effect on transplanted cervical cancer in nude mice.

Objective: To study expression of regucalcin (RGN) and prohibitin (PHB) genes in cirrhotic rat liver and to investigate the related effects of compound glutathione inosine injection (CGII) intervention., Methods: Forty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into a control group (n=12) and a model group (n=28).The model was established by injecting sterile porcine serum (0.5 mL) into the rat abdominal cavity, twice weekly for 8 consecutive weeks; the control group rats were treated with physiological saline injection (0.5 mL) into the abdominal cavity with the same frequency and time span. During the modeling period, four rats from the model group were randomly selected at different time points to examine changes in liver pathology. Upon pathology confirmation of liver cirrhosis, the porcine serum injection was terminated. The remaining 24 rats in the model group were randomly divided into a fibrosis group and a CGII treatment group.The CGII group received CGII (intramuscular injection of 0.018 mL 100g-1 body weight) once a day for 6 continuous weeks; the fibrosis rats were treated with the same dosage of physiological saline with the same frequency and time span.Liver tissue morphology was examined by both hematoxylin-eosin and Masson's staining. RGN and PHB expression at the mRNA and protein levels in liver tissues were detected by real time RT-PCR and immunohistochemical staining, respectively., Results: Both the mRNA and protein expression levels of RGN and PHB were significantly lower in the liver tissues of the fibrosis group than in the control group.CGII intervention led to significant alleviation of the liver fibrosis severity; moreover, the mRNA and protein expression levels of RGN and PHB were significantly higher than those in the fibrosis group., Conclusion: Down-regulation of regucalcin and prohibitin gene expression might contribute to the pathogenesis of liver cirrhosis.

Objective: To explore the expression of IL-10 and IL-17 in endometrial cancer and their relationships with tumor progression., Methods: The sera levels of IL-10 and IL-17 were detected by enzyme-linked immune-sorbent assay in 15 benign hysterectomies and 15 endometrial cancers, the expressions of IL-10 and IL-17 in the tissue were measured by immunohistochemistry assay (SABC) with the evaluation of IOD value, clinic-pathological characteristics were retrieved and analyzed., Results: Both sera expression and tissue IOD value of IL-10 were significantly higher in endometrial cancer than those in benign uterine, while no difference was found in IL-17 between the two groups. Sera IL-10 of I B-II stage, G2-G3, with myoinvasion, with vas tumor emboli was higher than that of I A stage, G1, without myoinvasion, and without vas tumor emboli, while no difference was found among tissue types. Sera IL-17 of I B-II stage, with myoinvasion, with vas tumor emboli was lower than that of IA stage, without myoinvasion, and without vas tumor emboli, while no difference was found among tumor grades nor tissue types., Conclusion: High expression of IL-10 may participate in the genesis and development of uterine endometrial cancer, while low expression of IL-17 may participate in its development.

A bioflocculant-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae strain C11 was screened out from activated sludge and the optimal medium conditions for the production of microbial flocculant M-C11 were determined. The bioflocculant was used in activated sludge dewatering and compared with conventional chemical conditioners. Effects of pH, CaCl2 dosages and M-C11 dosages on sludge dewaterability were investigated. The optimized conditions for M-C11 production indicated that the optimal medium carbon, nitrogen, metal ion were 30 g x L(-1) glucose, 2 g x L(-1) NaNO3 and 0.5 g x L(-1) MgSO4, respectively. The flocculating rate with kaolin suspension was as high as 91.70%, when incubated in a rotary shaker at 150 r x min(-1) and 37 degrees C for 48 h. The microbial focculant showed excellent pH and thermal stability over a pH range of 4-8 and a temperature range of 20-60 degrees C. Then the bioflocculant M-C11 produced by Klebsiella pneumoniae was employed to enhance the sludge dewaterability. The sludge resistance to filtration (SRF) and cake moisture decreased from 11.64 x 10(12) m x kg(-1) and 98.86% to 4.66 x 10(12) m x kg(-1) and 83.74%, respectively. Sludge dewatering performance was more significantly improved with the optimal conditioning dosages (pH = 6, 3 mL M-C11, 4 mL CaCl2), than inorganic flocculating reagents such as aluminum sulfate and polymeric aluminum chloride (PAC). The microbial flocculant has advantages over traditional sludge conditioners for its lower cost, benign biodegradability and ignorable secondary pollution. In addition, it was favorably adapted to the sludge pH and salinity. The novel bioflocculant could be used as a potential conditioner for sludge dewatering.

The purpose of this study was to develop a sensitive method for the detection of malignant B lymphocytes in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) who were considered as risk of central nervous system (CNS) involvement. Nine CSF samples were collected and then centrifuged. The cell precipitate was lysed directly. The supernatant was used to detect immunoglobulin heavy chain (IgH) gene rearrangement (characteristic changes of malignant B lymphocytes ) by BIOMED-2 PCR. The sensitivity of this method was compared with that of cytology defection and flow cytometry. In addition, through a series of quantity/concentration of tumor cells, the sensitivity differences caused by two sample handling methods (direct cell lysis vs traditional DNA extraction) were analyzed, and the sensitivity of direct cell lysis combined with BIOMED-2 PCR was evaluated. The results showed that the positive clonality of IgH gene rearrangement were detected by BIOMED-2 PCR in 5 cases, but the positive were detected by cytology defection/flow cytometry only in 2 cases, which indicated that the BIOMED-2 PCR assay gives a better yield. In addition, when combined with BIOMED-2 PCR, direct cell lysis produced sensitivity much higher than DNA extraction. The former can enable clonality detection from a minimum of 0.1%/20 tumor cells. It is concluded the method of direct cell lysis combined with BIOMED-2 PCR is sensitive and suitable for paucicellular CSF detection. It may aid the diagnosis of CNS involvement in patients with DLBCL.

The moisture of sludge significantly influenced its dewaterability and the disposal cost. Cationic polyacrylamide (CPAM) and Fenton's reagent were investigated for sludge dewatering with separate and combined conditioning. Several parameters were used to evaluate the dewatering performance and to analyze the conditioning mechanism, such as cake moisture, soluble COD, protein and polysaccharide contents in supernatant and sludge particle size. The results indicated that favorable dewaterability was achieved when the sludge was conditioned at higher CPAM degrees, and sludge dewatering ability was further improved at acidic conditions. In Fenton reaction, higher H2O2 dosages enhanced the dewatering performance of sludge. Combined conditioning using Fenton's reagent and CPAM led to considerable improved sludge dewaterability. At the optimized dosages of FeSO4 (2 g x L(-1)) and H2O2 (6 g x L(-1)), the sludge moisture declined to 76.7% from 85.5% (raw sludge), while a moisture as low as 74.8% was obtained by combined conditioning using CPAM (3 kg x t(-1)). Sludge particle size went down and the specific surface area grew bigger after Fenton reaction. As a result of disintegration of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), the adsorbed and intrinsic water were released from microorganisms and sludge flocs. CPAM addition remarkably promoted the coagulating and flocculating of dispersed flocs. Sludge particle size changed from 35.16 microm to 50.50 microm, and the specific surface area declined from 0.39 m2 x g(-1) to 0.20 m2 x g(-1). The combined conditioning using Fenton's reagent and CPAM was proved to be more effective in improving sludge dewaterability, compared with the separate conditioning.

While the tree shrew (Tupaia belangeri chinensis) is an excellent animal model for studying the mechanisms of human diseases, but few studies examine interleukin-2 (IL-2), an important immune factor in disease model evaluation. In this study, a 465 bp of the full-length IL-2 cDNA encoding sequence was cloned from the RNA of tree shrew spleen lymphocytes, which were then cultivated and stimulated with ConA (concanavalin). Clustal W 2.0 was used to compare and analyze the sequence and molecular characteristics, and establish the similarity of the overall structure of IL-2 between tree shrews and other mammals. The homology of the IL-2 nucleotide sequence between tree shrews and humans was 93%, and the amino acid homology was 80%. The phylogenetic tree results, derived through the Neighbour-Joining method using MEGA5.0, indicated a close genetic relationship between tree shrews, Homo sapiens, and Macaca mulatta. The three-dimensional structure analysis showed that the surface charges in most regions of tree shrew IL-2 were similar to between tree shrews and humans; however, the N-glycosylation sites and local structures were different, which may affect antibody binding. These results provide a fundamental basis for the future study of IL-2 monoclonal antibody in tree shrews, thereby improving their utility as a model.

Using time domain reflectometry (TDR) technology, waste moisture content variation in aerobic and anaerobic landfill of MSW was monitored, in order to study its disciplinarian. The results showed that volume moisture content of waste increased with landfill time and water holding capacity of waste improved continuously. The correlation of water quantity and moisture content was positive in early aerobic landfill, but it became negative later. In anaerobic landfill, moisture content variation was caused by settlement and compression of MSW. TDR readings and waste material-based volume moisture content had a good correlation. The maximum error between them is about +/- 5% in aerobic landfill and +/- 2% in anaerobic landfill. TDR technology is applicable to measure moisture content in practical landfill engineering.

Objective: To study the treatment strategy and prognosis and its affected factors of lung squamous cancer according retrospective analysis., Methods: Clinic data of 450 lung squamous cancer inpatient cases who were performed complete resection from January 2004 to January 2007, was retrospectively reviewed. There were 363 male and 87 female patients, aged from 31 to 82 years, with a mean of 60.5 years and a median of 62 years., Results: The overall 5-year survival rate was 52.4%. Cox Regression suggested that preoperative N status (χ(2) = 18.969, P = 0.000), N stage (χ(2) = 44.069, P = 0.000) and TNM stage (χ(2) = 63.025, P = 0.000) are independent factors affecting the prognosis. Adjuvant chemotherapy affects the prognosis of stage II-IIIA lung squamous cancer (5-year survival rate: 48.9% vs. 37.7%, χ(2) = 3.946, P = 0.047). Studying the combined therapy of stage IIIA, the chemoradiotherapy group achieved the best survival (48.8%), then single chemotherapy group (35.9%) and no treatment group (28.5%), and the single radiotherapy group achieved the poorest survival rate (11.1%), and there were statistically significant differences among them (χ(2) = 8.397, P = 0.038)., Conclusions: The 5-year survival rate of lung squamous cancer has significantly increased through promoting the standard of operation, especially increasing the standard of lymph node dissection. Adjuvant chemotherapy is benefit for stage II-IIIA patients and combined chemoradiotherapy is the best choice for stage IIIA patients. If preoperative examination suggests mediastinal lymph node's enlargement and fusion, the operation should not be performed.

Objective: To study the anti-cancer activities of Z-Leu-Leu-Leu-cho (MG132) against human endometrial carcinoma HEC-1B and Ishikawa cells and the potential of MG132 in human endometrial cancer therapy., Methods: HEC-1B and Ishikawa cells were treated with MG132. Cell proliferation was assessed by MTT while cell apoptosis rate and cell-cycle distribution were assessed by flow cytometry., Results: The proliferation of HEC-1B and Ishikawa cells was inhibited by MG132 and cell proliferation was significantly inhibited with the raised concentration of MG132 (P<0.01), Ishikawa cells were more sensitive than HEC-1B cells to MG132. MG132 could induce the apoptosis of HEC-1B and Ishikawa cells (P = 0.000). Cell cycle analysis indicated that the percentage of HEC-1B cells was increased in G2 phase (P<0.05) while Ishikawa cells' was increased in G1 and G2 phase (P<0.05)., Conclusion: Proteasome inhibitor MG132 could inhibit the proliferation, promote cell apoptosis, and block the cell cycle of HEC-1B and Ishikawa cells. MG132 may be a potential treatment for endometrial cancer.

Objective: To investigate the safety and efficacy of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) for the treatment of obesity and related diseases., Methods: Clinical data of 67 patients who underwent LSG between December 2006 and July 2011 were analyzed retrospectively. Improvements in body mass index(BMI), percentage of excess weight loss(EWL), type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension and other comorbidities were observed at one year postoperatively., Results: Laparoscopic procedures were completed in 67 patients without conversion. The operative time was(78±17) min. The postoperative hospital stay was(5.0±1.7) d. The postoperative recovery was uneventful and there were no perioperative death or severe postoperative complication. Sixty-four patients(95.5%) had a postoperative follow up of 1 year. One year after LSG, BMI decreased by(10.4±3.7) kg/m(2) from (37.7±4.1) kg/m(2) preoperatively and EWL was(80.2±27.7)%. In 13 cases of type 2 diabetes mellitus, 7 patients (53.8%, 7/13) were weaned off hypoglycemic agents or insulin. In 11 cases of hypertension, 5 required no medications(45.5%, 5/11). The remission rate was both 100%. There was significant resolution or improvement of other obesity-related comorbidiities, including hyper-triglyceridemia(n=51), hyperuricemia(n=42), sleep apnea syndrome (n=2), osteoarticular disease (n=9), and acanthosis (n=8)., Conclusions: LSG is safe and feasible for the treatment of obesity and can cure or improve type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension and other obesity related comorbidities.

Objective: To establish serum protein fingerprint model for early diagnosis of pancreatic cancer with surface enhanced laser desorption/ionization time of flight-mass spectrometry (SELDI-TOF-MS) and bioinformatics techniques., Methods: A total of 73 samples were analyzed in this study, including 31 cases of pancreatic cancers, 22 cases of pancreatitis and 20 healthy individuals. Samples were first analyzed by SELDI-TOF-MS and two patterns of differentiation model were constructed with support vector machine arithmetic method., Results: The pattern 1 model differentiating pancreatic cancer patients from healthy individuals had a specificity and a sensitivity of both 100.0%. The pattern 2 model differentiating pancreatic cancer from pancreatitis had a specificity of 95.5% and a sensitivity of 93.5%., Conclusion: SELDI-TOF-MS technique combined with bioinformatics can facilitate to identify biomarkers for pancreatic cancer.

Interferons (IFNs) represent proteins with antiviral activities that are secreted from cells in response to a variety of stimuli. In addition to antiviral, antibacterial and anti-parasitic host-defense functions they are now also recognized as crucial regulators of cell proliferation, differentiation, survival and death as well as activators of specialized cell functions particularly in the immune system and play important roles in infectious and inflammatory diseases, autoimmunity and cancer. Tree shrews (Tupaia belangeri) were found to be susceptible to several human viruses and therefore are widely regarded as good models for analyzing mechanism of human diseases. In this report, we have forecasted the interferon family members of tree shrew from its genome mainly using the methods like Blast (whole genome shotgun sequence) and gene prediction. Our data show that tree shrew interferon system includes: type I IFN: α (five subtypes), β, ω, κ, epsilon, δ; type II IFN: γ; type III IFN: λ1, λ2/3. Furthermore, the predicted structures of α and λ have similar character with those of other mammals. However, there are some differences in cysteine position and N-glycosylation numbers between human and Tree shrew IFNs. These results provide fundamental basis for further molecular cloning and function analysis of tree shrew IFNs in future.

The tree shrews, as an ideal animal model receiving extensive attentions to human disease research, demands essential research tools, in particular cellular markers and monoclonal antibodies for immunological studies. In this paper, a 1 365 bp of the full-length CD4 cDNA encoding sequence was cloned from total RNA in peripheral blood of tree shrews, the sequence completes two unknown fragment gaps of tree shrews predicted CD4 cDNA in the GenBank database, and its molecular characteristics were analyzed compared with other mammals by using biology software such as Clustal W2.0 and so forth. The results showed that the extracellular and intracellular domains of tree shrews CD4 amino acid sequence are conserved. The tree shrews CD4 amino acid sequence showed a close genetic relationship with Homo sapiens and Macaca mulatta. Most regions of the tree shrews CD4 molecule surface showed positive charges as humans. However, compared with CD4 extracellular domain D1 of human, CD4 D1 surface of tree shrews showed more negative charges, and more two N-glycosylation sites, which may affect antibody binding. This study provides a theoretical basis for the preparation and functional studies of CD4 monoclonal antibody.

Objective: To study the prognosis and prognostic factors of non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) according the new TNM stage system., Methods: Clinic data of 1638 inpatient cases admitted from January 2001 to January 2005 were retrospectively reviewed. There were 1083 male and 555 female patients in the study and the average age was 59.5 years. All the patients received surgical procedures., Results: The overall 1, 3, 5-year survival rate was 80.0%, 52.3%, 39.0%. The main prognostic factors were bronchial stump, operation type, T stage, N stage, the number of lymph nodes (LNs) in lymph nodes dissection (1 - 10, 11 - 20, and > 20), overall N stations (< 4 and ≥ 4) and postoperative radiotherapy (all P < 0.05). Cox regression suggested that T stage (P = 0.000), N stage (P = 0.000), operation type (P = 0.001) and LNs (P = 0.013) were independent factors affecting the prognosis., Conclusions: The overall survival rate of NSCLC is poor. T stage, N stage, operation type and LNs are independent factors affecting the prognosis.

Non-bonded interaction forces play crucial roles in molecular recognition and binding in biological systems. However, it is difficult for traditional methods to automatically calculate and batch the non-bonded energy at the residue level. In recent years, many studies have focused on non-bonded interactions and developed tools to calculate and analyze such interactions. In this study, we present a highly automated approach for the calculation of non-bonded energy. Our strategy invoked protocols relevant to non-bonded interactions within Discovery Studio 2.0 (DS2.0, Accelrys Inc.) bottom module using Perl script, and determined the direct command line operation of calculating non-bonded interaction energy batches without accessing the graphical interface of DS. This approach extended the DS2.0 module and was applied to a recent study of complex structure analysis.

The experiment was carried in Sanjiang Plain in the northeast of China during the growing season in 2009. Soil organic carbon (SOC), as well as the soil active organic carbon fractions in the 0-20 cm soil layer of Calamagrostis angustifolia wetland under different water conditions were on monthly observation. Based on the research and indoor analysis, the seasonal dynamics of light fractions of soil organic carbon (LFOC) and microbial biomass carbon (MBC) were analyzed. The results indicated that the SOC contents had significantly seasonal dynamics, and the hydrological circle had apparently driving effect on LFOC and MBC during the growing season, especially under the seasonal flooded condition. The freeze-thaw process reduced the SOC, LFOC, MBC contents, with the decreases of 74.53%, 80.93%, 83.09%, while both carbon contents of light and heavy fractions were reduced at the same time. The result also showed that the seasonal flooding condition increased the proportion of LFOC in topsoil, which was larger in marsh meadow (13.58%) than in wet meadow (11.96%), whilst the MBC in marsh meadow (1 397.21 mg x kg(-1)) was less than the latter (1 603.65 mg x kg(-1)), proving that the inundated environment inhibited the mineralization and decomposition of organic matter. But the microbial activity could be adaptive to the flooding condition. During the growing season the MBC soared to 1 829.21 mg x kg(-1) from 337.56 mg x kg(-1) in July, and the microbial quotient was 1.51 times higher than that in June, indicating the high microbial efficacy of soil organic matter. Meanwhile, there was a significant correlation between the contents of LFOC and SOC (r = 0.816), suggesting that higher LFOC content was favorable to the soil carbon accumulation. Moreover, in the seasonal flooded Calamagrostis angustifolia wetland the soil LFOC content was significantly correlated with MBC (r = 0.95), implying that the available carbon source had more severe restriction on the microbial activity under the flooding environment.

Synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy and 3-dimensional excitation emission matrices spectra (3DEEM) were used to study the composition variation of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in landfill leachate in the adsorption process with 717 resin. The synchronous fluorescence spectra showed fluorescence intensities of longer wavelength went down greatly while those of shorter wavelength went up in the first 10 min, then there were little changes. 3DEEM results indicated that there were two fulvic-like fluorescence peaks, whose intensities decreased dramatically, the peak intensities ratio (I(UV)/I(Vis)) also decreased, and the blue shifts of emission wavelengths took place obviously with the time rising. It was indicated that the adsorption rate of DOM by 717 resin was fast, and the main adsorbed DOM had higher molecular weight and higher degree of complexity, which was potential to facilitate subsequent bio-treatment.

Objective: To investigate the effects of AICAR on the activity of transcription factor FOXO1 and expression of ubiquitin ligase MuRF1 in rat cardiomyocytes, and explore the possible role of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in proteolysis pathways., Methods: In vitro cultured neonatal rat cardiac myocytes were treated with AICAR, and Western blotting was used to detect the phosphorylation of FOXO1 and expression of MuRF1 in the cells., Results: AICAR activated AMPK in rat cardiac myocytes. Activated AMPK significantly inhibited the phosphorylation of FOXO1 and increased MuRF1 protein expression., Conclusion: AMPK may regulate proteolysis by activating FOXO1 transcription factor and up-regulating MuRF1 expression.

The use of tree shrews (Tupaia belangeri) in human disease studies demands essential research tools, in particular cellular markers and their monoclonal antibodies for immunological studies. Here we cloned the full-length cDNAs encoding CD3E from total RNA of the spleen, liver and peripheral blood of tree shrews and analyzed their structural characteristics in comparison with other mammals by Discovery Studio software. The results showed that the open reading frame sequence of tree shrew CD3E was 582 bp, encoding 194 amino acids. The overall structure of tree shrew CD3E protein was similar to its counterparts of other mammals, intracellular and transmembrane domain highly conserved. However, detailed analysis revealed two potential glycosylation sites and different surface charges in the extracellular domain. Availability of the entire open-reading-frame and related sequence information would therefore facilitate the preparation of monoclonal antibodies against tree shrew CD3 and further studies for its function.

Objectives: To analyze the clinical conditions of postoperative patients with IIIA-N2 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and the prognostic factors related with survival of NSCLC, and to investigate the influence of operation and therapy on prognosis., Methods: Clinical data of 657 inpatient cases with IIIA-N2 NSCLC admitted from January 2000 to December 2005 was retrospectively reviewed. The Kaplan-Meier method was used for survival analysis. The Log-rank law was applied to analyze the relationship between the variables and the prognosis in monovariate analysis, while Cox proportional hazard regression model was used to make multivariate analysis., Results: The 1-, 3-and 5-year accumulative survival rates of the operative patience were 64.4%, 26.0% and 17.9%, respectively. The median survival time was 18 months. In monovariate analysis, the main unfavorable factors that affect life span involve were the diameter of tumor, T stage, skip metastasis of N2 lymph node, the number of metastatic lymph nodes, the metastasis of subcarinal lymph nodes, adjuvant chemotherapy, the cycle of adjuvant chemotherapy, postoperative radiotherapy, and the modality of therapy (the effect of naive surgery was disappointed, while the prognosis of the patients with adjuvant chemoradiotherapy was better than those with chemotherapy alone). A multivariate analysis using Cox regression identified 5 factors of prognosis: the diameter of tumor (P = 0.001), the metastasis of subcarinal lymph nodes (P = 0.019), the number of metastatic lymph nodes (P = 0.006), the cycle of adjuvant chemotherapy (P = 0.007), postoperative radiotherapy (P = 0.055), and adjuvant chemoradiotherapy (P = 0.026)., Conclusions: The 5-year survival rate of the patients with IIIA-N2 Non-small cell lung cancer is poor. Tumor size, the metastasis of subcarinal lymph nodes, the number of metastatic LNs, the cycle of adjuvant chemotherapy, and postoperative radiotherapy have an effect on the prognosis. The prognosis of postoperative patients with single-level N2 and multi-level N2 disease is similar, and the key point of survival is the number of nodes involved. The therapeutic effect of patience given adjuvant chemoradiotherapy is superior to those treated with adjuvant chemotherapy.

Objective: To analyze the clinical features of benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) with prostatitis and the role of prostatitis in progression of BPH., Methods: From July 2003 to Feb. 2009, 466 patients diagnosed BPH were enrolled in this study. Several items including age, history, IPSS, volume of prostate, prostatic special antigen (PSA) and related parameters, Qmax, acute urinary retention (AUR) and the way of treatment were analyzed., Results: A total of 423 patients were diagnosed as BPH with prostatitis (90.77%, PS/BPH group), and 43 were BPH without prostatitis (9.23%, BPH group). Compared with the BPH group, patient's history of the PS/BPH group was longer, IPSS/QOL was increased, the volume of total prostate and transitional zone were larger, maximum flow rate was decreased and risk of AUR was increased, and the proportion of BPH-related surgery was higher.There was no significant difference in patient's age, tPSA, fPSA, f/tPSA, and PSAD between the 2 groups., Conclusion: Prostatitis may be one etiological factor for BPH. Patients with inflammation were more likely to progress clinically in terms of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), acute urinary retention (AUR), or BPH-related surgery.

By the soil respiration system of Li-6400, the characteristics of soil respiration with and without litter were investigated to explore the litter's contributions to soil respiration and its correlations with the input of litter and environmental factors under different land-use types in Sanjiang Plain. Results demonstrated that the average contribution of litter to soil respiration ranged from - 0.21 to 0.64 micromol/(m2 x s) in the growing season under the four land-use types. The contribution rate showed in the following order: wetland (14%) > artificial forest (12%) > soybean field (8%) > abandoned land (- 5%). As to abandoned land, the value was negative, and the litter inhibited soil respiration. The litter' s contributions to soil respiration may depend on the balance between the decomposition of litter and its shielding effects on soil respiration. There were highly significant correlations between litter's contributions to soil respiration and soil temperature at 10cm depth except for soybean field. Moreover, the influence of rainfall associated with the input of litter, which suggested that besides decomposition litter may take part in the ecological effect of climate changes in the future.

Objective: To report the reduction mammaplasty with vertical incision and superior wide pedicle., Methods: Typical Lejour mosque-dome design was performed. The inferior part of glandular tissue and skin were excised. The nipple-and-areola complex (NAC) was elevated to normal position with superior wide pedicle. The breast morphology was modified with vertical scar left., Results: 46 patients were treated. 4 patients had unilateral breast reduction. 14 breasts had wound dehiscence. 3 breasts received debridement, others were treated conservatively with dressings. No complete NAC necrosis occurred., Conclusions: The reduction mammaplasty with vertical incision and superior wide pedicle is a safe and effective method with a low risk of NAC necrosis.

Objective: To investigate the clinicopathological characteristics, surgical treatment and prognosis of gastrointestinal stromal tumors(GIST)., Methods: The clinicopathological data of 84 patients with GIST undergone resection between April 1997 and June 2008 were analyzed retrospectively, and the prognosis was evaluated., Results: Out of 84 cases, 42 tumors located in stomach, 24 in small intestine, 18 in other sites. Tumor sizes ranged from 0.5 to 25 cm(average 5.6 cm). Positive rate of CD117 expression determined by immunohistochemical methods was 96.4%. Seventy-nine cases underwent complete tumor resection, while 5 cases received palliative resection or biopsy. Seventy-eight patients were followed up and their 1-, 3-, 5-year survival rates were 92.0%, 79.2%, 72.0% respectively. The Fletcher's classification of malignancy risk groups for GIST was related to the survival rates(P=0.001). The differences of survival rate among very low risk group, low risk group and high-risk group were significant(P=0.003, P=0.000)., Conclusions: Complete tumor resection in the initial operation of GIST should be emphasized. The Fletcher's classification of malignancy risk groups for GIST is related to the survival rate. Extended surgical resection is required for GIST of higher malignancy risk.

Objective: To study the effect of adenovirus (Ad)-mediated fusion gene system driven by the KDR promoter on the proliferation of human colon adenocarcinoma SW620 cells., Methods: The KDR-expressing SW620 cells and LS174T cells not expressing KDR were both infected with AdEasy-KDR-CDglyTK followed by treatment with the prodrugs 5-FC and/or ganciclovir at different concentrations. The effect of the transfection on the cell proliferation was evaluated., Results: The expression of green fluorescent protein (GFP) was observed in 95% of the infected SW620 and LS174T cells with a multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 100. Significant difference was not founded in the growth of SW620 and LS174T cells with or without the transfection. The infected SW620 cells exhibit high sensitivity to the prodrugs, but the infected LS174T cells did not (P<0.01). The CDglyTK fusion gene produced much stronger killing effect of on the target cells than either of the single suicide genes (P<0.01)., Conclusion: CDglyTK fusion gene system driven by the KDR promoter selectively kills the KDR-CDglyTK SW620 cells and inhibits the cell proliferation.

Objective: To investigate the effects and prognosis of surgical treatment in primary gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST)., Methods: The clinicopathological data of 73 patients with primary GIST underwent operation from April 1997 to December 2007 was retrospectively analyzed, and the prognosis was evaluated too., Results: Among the 73 cases, 68 cases received complete tumor resection, among which 12 cases underwent laparoscopic operation; while palliative resection and biopsy only were carried out in the other 5 cases. There was significant difference in survival rate between the two groups (P = 0.000). The 1-, 3-, 5-year survival rates of the 66 cases had been followed up was 91.0%, 78.2% and 74.1%, respectively. The malignancy risk grades of GIST was related to the survival rates on statistical analysis (P = 0.002). Significant differences were found in the survival rates between the patients with very low grade, low grade and high grade malignancy tumors (P = 0.012, 0.002)., Conclusions: Complete tumor resection should be emphasized in primary GIST, and more attention should be paid to the initial surgical treatment. Extended surgical resection is required for tumors of higher malignancy risk. The indications of laparoscopic surgery in GIST should be selected with caution for tumor complete resection.

Objective: To investigate the susceptibility of cervical carcinoma cells (HPV16+) to CTL lysis affected by rSIFN-co, consensus Interferon (Infergen), IFNalpha-2b and DDP., Methods: After CaSki cervical cancer cells were induced by rSIFN-co, Infergen, IFNalpha-2b and DDP at the concentration of 0.156 microg/mL, 0.625 microg/mL, 2.500 microg/mL for 72 hours, CaSki cells which had been induced were effected by CTL, the cytotoxicity was determined and calculated by MTT assay. The expression intensity of adhesion molecules on Caski cell such as CD54 and CD40 was also determined by flow cytometry., Results: The susceptibility of CaSki cell to CTL lysis under the stimulation of rSIFN-co was better than Infergen, IFNalpha-2b and DDP induced. The expression of CD54 and CD40 on cervical cancer cell was also increased. And this effect had positive correlation to the drug concentration., Conclusion: rSIFN-co can increase the expression of CD54 and CD40 on the cervical cancer cell surface, and increase the susceptibility of CaSki cell to specific effective cell lysis in a dose-dependent manner. The effect of rSIFN-co is better than same type interferon, general I type interferon and chemotherapeutic drug induced.

Objective: To isolate human hemoglobin and its fragrments, compare their antimicrobial activity in vitro and pilot study of their antimicrobial activity in vivo., Methods: The alpha and beta chains of hemoglobin were separated by cation exchange chromatography and gel chromatography; The alpha and beta chains were cleaved by cyanogens bromide respectively. The cleaved fragments were purified by reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography. Antimicrobial activity of hemoglobin and its fragments was determined by agrose radial diffusion assay. After establishment of E. coli vaginal infection model, the rats were randomized into the experimental group (hemoglobin group) and the control group. The histologically pathological section was observed., Results: Hemoglobin, alpha/beta chain and their fragments had similar antibacterial activities in vitro, which were mainly against Gram-negative bacteria E. coli; except alpha1-32 had a comparatively lower activity. Antimicrobial activity in vivo: a comparison of the hemoglobin group with the matrix control group (no treatment after infection), the surface layer of vaginal stratified squamous epithelium was smoother, inflammatory cells were significantly reduced in the lamina propria and congestion was obviously decreased., Conclusion: Human hemoglobin and its fragments had antibacterial activity in vitro, hemoglobin might relieve the inflammation of E. coil vaginal infection in rats moreover.