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As an important trait of poultry, bone characteristics affect the healthy development of poultry. Breeding of fast weight gain broilers and laying hens with a high laying rate increases the burden on skeletal system, which easily leads to abnormal skeletal development of chickens. Bone metabolism imbalance easily affects bone health, and then affects chicken growth performance. Chinese herbal medicine has many advantages, such as abundant medicine source, many nutrients and active ingredients, good application effect, little toxic and side effects, and is not easy to produce durable medicinal properties, so it has a wide application prospect in livestock and poultry production. At present, the research on Chinese herbal medicine and its active components regulating chicken bone metabolism and bone health has become a hot spot. In this paper, the growth and development of chicken bone, the characteristics of bone metabolism and common bone diseases of chicken were briefly described, and the research on bone metabolism and bone health of chicken by Chinese herbal medicine and its active components was summarized, which provided a reference for the development and application of Chinese herbal medicine in the prevention and treatment of chicken bone diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Percutaneous kyphoplasty is an effective method to treat Kummell's disease, but there is no uniform standard for the amount of injected bone cement. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between unilateral percutaneous kyphoplasty for treating Kummell's disease and the amount of injected bone cement. METHODS: Totally 35 cases of Kummell's disease, who were treated in the Wuxi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 2014 to June 2018, were included in this study, including 11 males and 24 females. According to bone cement injection volume, unilateral percutaneous kyphoplasty was performed in two groups: Low volume group (n=16; volume ≤ 3 mL) and conventional quantity group (n=19; 3 mL ≤ volume ≤ 6 mL). The leakage of bone cement was observed during operation. Vertebral body refracture was postoperatively observed. Visual analogue scale and Oswestry dysfunction index were used to evaluate the efficacy of the surgery preoperatively, 2 days postoperatively and at last follow-up. Vertebral kyphotic Cobb's angle and the height of injured vertebral anterior edge were assessed by imaging. This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Wuxi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) All patients successfully completed the operation, and were followed up for 636 months. (2) Visual analogue scale scores and Oswestry dysfunction index of the two groups 2 days after treatment and at final follow-up were significantly lower than those before surgery (P < 0.05). However, there was no significant difference in visual analogue scale scores and Oswestry dysfunction index between the two groups (P > 0.05). (3) Cobb's angle of vertebral kyphosis and the height of the anterior edge of injured vertebral bodies were significantly improved in the two groups 2 days after treatment and at final follow-up [P < 0.05), but there was no significant difference between the two groups (P > 0.05). (4) In the conventional quantity group, cement leakage occurred in 5 cases and vertebral body refracture occurred in 2 cases. In the low volume group, cement leakage occurred in 1 case and vertebral body refracture occurred in 2 cases. The incidences of bone cement leakage and vertebral body refracture had no significant difference between the two groups (P > 0.05). (5) The results showed that unilateral percutaneous kyphoplasty could effectively relieve pain with different amounts of bone cement in Kummell's disease, and there was no difference in leakage rate and safety of bone cement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]