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Abstract [Objective] The Northern Hengduan Mountains are rich in biodiversity. Over the last 10 years, there have been many reports of the biodiversity of the region. The team conducted a survey of plant diversity and vegetation structure in Northern Hengduan Mountains from June to August 2023. [Methods] Through field investigation and collection and photograph of plants, as well as preparing, classifying, and identifying specimens. [Results] Eight newly recorded species were reported from Chaya of Changdu in the Northern Hengduan Mountains in Xizang. They were Ephedra minuta Florin (Ephedraceae), Caragana korshinskii Kom. (Fabaceae), Rhododendron luhuoense H. P. Yang (Ericaceae), R. orthocladum var. longistylum Philipson et M. N. Philipson (Ericaceae), R. thymifolium Maxim. (Ericaceae), R. nivale Hook. f. subsp. australe Philipson et M. N. Philipson (Ericaceae), Artemisia capillaris Thunb. (Asteraceae), and Chenopodiastrum gracilispicum (H.W.Kung) Uotila (Amaranthaceae) [Conclusion] The discovery of the newly distributed plants is an important supplement for the flora of the Hengduan Mountains in Xizang. The voucher specimens are stored in the herbarium of Yibin University

In the process of upper coal mining, the floor condition may be incomplete because of the lower coal goaf, and the change of the floor condition has an obvious influence on the floor failure in the upper coal mining. Based on the micro-seismic monitoring data of 15249S working face in Jiulong Mine, the activity of floor events, the ratio of roof to floor, energy and other parameters are statistically analyzed. The results show that: when the lower coal is a gob, the activity of floor events is strong and the disturbance depth is large when the upper coal is mined. With the advance of mining location and the change of underlying coal seam conditions, the frequency ratio of floor and roof events changes greatly, and its change rule is consistent with the formation of water channel. The proportion of micro-seismic events increased by 16.49% and decreased by 10.92% when the bottom floor failure depth was 0-5 m and 5-20 m respectively. In the process of overlying coal stoping approaching the underlying stoping contact roadway, the development location of large energy events extends from shallow to deep. The floor safety evaluation system is constructed by using the parameters of floor warning layer event activity, floor and roof event ratio, distance from the stoping line of the underlying coal seam and vertical energy density. The danger zone before and after the stoping position of the underlying working face is a high risk factor, which can be combined with the changes of safety evaluation parameters for early warning and strengthening hydro-geological observation.

For the problem of air-to-air missile cooperative attack on high-speed maneuvering target, a multi-missile cooperative guidance law with consistent attack time is proposed. Firstly, the geometric model of engagement between each missile and target is established in the longitudinal plane, and the relationship between the radial and normal guidance laws of line of sight and the normal acceleration of velocity is analyzed. Then, the fixed time cooperative control law is designed, and based on the line of sight dynamic equation, the robust cooperative guidance law with attack-time constraint is established by using adaptive law and integral sliding mode algorithm to ensure that multiple missiles hit the maneuvering target at the same time. Through numerical simulation, the difference of cooperative time and miss distances are 0.001 s and 0.01 m respectively. The final results verify the effectiveness and rationality of the fixed-time cooperative guidance law.

[Objective] As a typical structure of carbonate rocks, the formation of stylolites is of great significance for the enrichment of organic matter and fluid migration within the carbonate rock itself. However, there is currently no in-depth research on the source of organic matter and the mechanism of fluid transport in stylolites. [Methods] This study collected carbonate core samples containing stylolites from the Dachigan structural belt in the eastern Sichuan Basin. The stylolites and matrix were respectively subjected to organic carbon and pyrolysis (Rock-Eval), common thin section observation, thin section observation under fluorescent light, whole rock X-ray diffraction, carbon and oxygen isotopes and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and other testing items. [Results and Conclusions] The organic matter occurred in the stylolites is mainly in the form of three types including soluble organic matter, pyrobitumen, and bitumen, indicating that the organic matter in the stylolites is mainly the secondary migrated organic matter. Secondary dolomite and pyrite are well developed in the stylolites that the intercrystalline pore spaces and fractures are retained, thereby to provide good conditions for the accumulation and migration of oil and gas. The strong cementation on the contact between the stylolites and matrix and the formation of secondary minerals nearby may be the results of fractionation when the hydrocarbon fluid migrates from the matrix to stylolites. Through analysis, it is believed that the strong cementation at the contact interface between the suture and the matrix, as well as the formation of nearby secondary minerals, are the reasons for the fractionation effect of hydrocarbon fluids when migrating from the matrix to the suture. Through this study, it was found that during the development of sutures, the organic matter in the sutures will crack and form natural gas during the high evolution stage. When mixed with natural gas of other origins, it will affect the identification of natural gas sources ; When the suture line serves as a migration channel for crude oil, the fractionation effect on crude oil can also cause certain difficulties in identifying the source of crude oil. Therefore, appropriate biomarker comparison parameters should be selected to analyze the oil source relationship, and the spatial variation pattern of crude oil properties should also be considered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Studying of probability distribution types of fatigue failure for GH4133 disc material,through the empirical distribution function and the average failure rate function methods to deal with the fatigue failure data. Based on the obtained data information,hypothesizing disk material fatigue failure probability distribution is the normal distribution, the lognormal distribution or the three parameter Weibull distribution. By means of parameter estimation for the three distributions,then using the Kolmogorov test of goodness fit method,to test the overall fitting effect of this distribution function. And to plot failure rate curves which distribution has been determined compare with the average failure rate curves. Comparing the data of each group which is under the same temperature with different strain ratio and the same stain ratio with different temperature then come to conclusion that the lognormal distribution is best fatigue failure distribution function for GH4133 disk material.

Organic geochemistry characteristics of carbonate rock and mudstone samples are reported for cores in exploration wells and outcrops in the Carboniferous and Lower Permian, Turpan-Hami Basin. Extensive analyses include organic matter abundance, kerogen type, hydrocarbon generation and thermal evolution. The mudstone is higher in organic content, ranging from 0 – 4.45% TOC, suggesting relatively good source rock potential; whereas, the carbonate rock has a maximum TOC of 0.52% and is basically non-source rock. The matrix types of both carbonate rock and mudstone are grouped into Type III (dominant) and II2 (less). The carbonate rock is a bit better quality than the mudstone in organic types. The source rock from downhole samples can be early mature to highly mature. The maturity of outcrop samples range from mature to over-mature. The lower maturity of well samples is related to the shallower depth of the samples. The higher maturity of outcrop samples may be related to the tectonic movement and high geothermal gradient. Based on characteristics of thermal evolution, more effective Carboniferous-Lower Permian source rocks are distributed in the deeper location of the sag and can generate more natural gas. The igneous/volcanic rocks are better deep reservoirs in which natural gas accumulates. Key words: Organic geochemistry, Carboniferous, Lower Permian, source rock, Turpan-Hami Basin

Elymus L. is not only an important gene pool for crops, such as wheat and barley, but also an important part of fine forages. The endosperm is a important part to seeds of cereal crops and the weight of endosperm is more than 90% in cereal crops seeds. The endosperm characteristics is a relatively stable genetic character, which can be used as a indicator to research plant classification and phylogenetic relationships. As the kind of micro morphological characteristics of plants, the endosperm characteristics is valuable in phylogeny of Triticeae. To provide evidence of the endosperm cells for reveal the phylogenetic relationships of Elymus species, as well as accumulate data for use the genus improve the quality of wheat and barley. The endosperm cells of 11 Triticeae species which belong to 6 Elymus species, 2 Pseudoroegneria species, 1 Hordeum species or 2 Agropyron species, were surveyed in this paper. The results were as follows: (1) Significant variations existed in the size, forms and quantity of endosperm cells in those species; (2) The cell shape and size existed small variations in Agropyron cristatum (P), A. mongolicum (P) and Pseudoroegneria libanotica (St) , P. spicata (St), respectively, (3) The differences in genera were smaller than those in species, indicating that the characters of endosperm cells had less value in the systematic studies of those genera than in the studies of those species in Triticeae. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Adolescents' physical fitness constitutes the basis of a country's national health quality which is related to the country s future and competitiveness. The paper discusses the development process of American youth physical fitness test. It illustrates the American index system aiming at the core of establishing health quality and the testing standard of FITNESSGRAM. The paper also analyzes the related testing indexes of China's State Fitness and Health Standards of Students and FITNESSGRAM, suggesting some measures to further optimize and perfect China's fitness and health standard of students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For the stack of the standing-wave thermoacoustic refrigerator, the essential features of the time-averaged heat flux density distributions inside a thermally isolated thermoacoustic stack were theoretically studied. The analytical formulation of the accurate mean temperature difference ΔTm was achieved. In comparison with experimental results and linearization results, the derived formula to calculate the mean temperature difference ΔTm was proved to be correct. The position and characteristic parameters of stack for the standing-wave thermoacoustic refrigerator could be optimized with the use of analytical formulae obtained as follows. The optimal position of stack is xs = f-1 (ΔTm), optimal plate distance is 2y0/δκ = 3.3~3.4 and the plate thickness is 2l/δ = 0.7. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Solanum tuberosum Zinc transporter 11 (StZnT11) is very important for maintaining zinc homeostasis in cells. The study on the expression of StZnT11 under abiotic stress and biotic stress laid a foundation for verifying the role of potato StZnT11 in the process of biotic stress of Ralstonia solanacearum species complex. According to the designated EST sequence, the homology of the original sequence was analyzed by using the Blast tool in NCBI, and a homologous object sequence with the highest similarity, coverage and e expectation value was selected. StZnT11 gene is obtained by Silico Cloning. The sequence and coding amino acid composition, physicochemical properties, molecular evolution, phosphorylation site and advanced structure of Solanum tuberosum StZnT11 gene were analyzed by bioinformatics method. The results showed that the cDNA gene is 1 300 bp in length, encoding a protein containing 348 amino acid residues, including 23 phosphorylation sites, one signal peptide and nine transmembrane regions, and is a hydrophobic protein located the plasma membrane. Through amino acid sequence alignment, StZnT11 protein has a high homology with zinc transporter from tobacco, tomato, pepper and other plants. The results of real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction showed that, StZnT11 is up-regulated by different concentrations of exogenous plant hormone abscisic acid (ABA). Tissue localization showed that StZnT11 was mainly expressed in specific tissues (phloem and leaf vascular bundles of stem vascular system). These results provide a theoretical basis for further experimental cloning and functional verification of the gene.

Objective: To analyze pathological characteristics of organs recovered during forensic autopsy submitted by legal medicine experts., Methods: From Baoji city, 358 cases of forensic autopsy specimens from a series of routine exams were collected. And histopathological diagnoses were reviewed., Results: Majority of the 358 cases were young men. The major causes of death were trauma, sudden death and poisoning. The cause of death was determined with histology in 250 cases. No typical histological changes were noted in 101 cases. The tissue autolysis and decomposition were present in 7 cases. The major pathological diagnosis was cardiovascular disease, followed by diseases in respiratory, nervous, and digestive systems., Conclusion: Forensic autopsy with its professional characteristics, is different from regular autopsy. When diagnosing cause of death by histopathological examination, pathologists should collaborate with legal medicine experts to know the details of the cases, circumstances surrounding the death, and specific forensic pathological characteristics.

Control of organ shape and size by cell proliferationandcell expansion is a fundamental process in plant development. However, little is known about the molecular mechanisms that set the shape and size of determinate organs in plants. We have previously demonstrated that the Arabidopsis gene DA1 controls the final size of organs by restricting cell proliferation. Through an activation tagging screen for modifiers of da1-1, we have identified a semi-dominant mutant (yuan1-1D) with altered leaf shape and size. The yuan1-1D mutation results in reduced plant height, short and round leaves and short petioles due to defects in cell elongation. YUAN1 encodes a PHD zinc finger domain-containing protein. The GFP-YUAN1 fusion protein is localized to the nucleus. Overexpression of YUAN1 leads to round leaves and short petioles. Genetic analyses show that YUAN1 acts independently of DA1, ROTUNDIFOLIA 3 (ROT3) and ROTUNDIFOLIA4 (ROT4) to influence leaf shape and size. Collectively, our findings show that Arabidopsis YUAN1, a PHD zinc finger domain-containing protein, controls organ shape and size by restricting cell elongation, and give insight into how plants control their organ shape and size.

Objective: To observe the changes of free radicals in the cochlea of guinea pigs after noise exposure directly using electron spin resonance (ESR) technology., Method: Forty-two guinea pigs as experimental group were given (125 +/- 1) dB SPL noise exposure for 2 hours, and then investigated auditory function immediately, at 2, 6, 12, 24, 48 and 72 hour. After ABR examinations, 21 animals decollated and extracted cochlea immediately and then placed the cochleas to liquid nitrogen for deep freezing and measuring free radicals using ESR technology. Another 21 animals observed hair cells morphology by AgNO3 staining. Meantime, 6 animals without noise exposure were served as negative control group., Result: A few free radicals were detected in the cochlea at control group and the relative value of free radicals were (21.68 +/- 1.27) dB SPL. After noise exposure, the relative value of free radicals increased obviously and achieved to the max of (147.01 +/- 4.95) dB SPL at 2 h and gradually decreased near the normal level., Conclusion: Free radicals in the cochlea increase evidently and have a concentration-time rule after acute acoustic trauma. The ESR method can be used to examine the content of free radicals in cochlea for its direct, objective and sensitive characters.

Objective: To discuss the related impact of genetic factors in the incidence of bronchial asthma (BA) and allergic rhinitis (AR) in Nantong region, China., Methods: By random sampling method, investigation and research on the incidence of genetic epidemiology were carried out in the population of 95 300 on AR and BA., Results: The rate of patients with allergic rhinitis with asthma was 25.92% (296/1142), the rate of asthma patients with allergic rhinitis was 40.49% (296/731). The prevalences of AR complicated with BA were 8.19% (280/3418), 3.08% (154/5002) and 3.16% (85/2687) in the first-, second-and third-degree relatives of the probands respectively, while the prevalences of BA complicated with AR were 15.81% (466/2947), 4.61% (229/4967) and 2.51% (134/5345) in the first-, second- and third-degree relatives of the probands respectively, higher than those in the controls (P < 0.05). The weighted mean heritability of AR in BA patients was 94.2% ± 1.9%, while the weighted mean heritability of BA in AR patients was 81.8% ± 2.1%, more than 60%, suggesting that both AR and BA were relevant with genetics., Conclusions: The incidence of BA and AR has obvious relevance, supporting the theory that the two diseases are an united airway disease and relevant with polygene heredity.

Objective: To study the pharmacokinetics of lipoic acid in guinea pig perilymph and to provide experimental evidence for clinical delivery methods and dose in order to compare of intravenous and intratympanic administration using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)., Methods: Fifty-four guinea pigs were randomly divided into two groups of intratympanic and intravenous administration, with 27 ones in each group, and the concentration of lipoic acid was 100 mg/ml. The concentration of lipoic acid in perilymph was detected respectively by HPLC at 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8 and 10 h after administration., Results: A well linear relation of concentration of lipoic acid in perilymph was shown when the concentration was detected from 0.1 to 200 microg/ml (r(2) = 0.9996). The maximum of concentration of lipoic acid administrated via intratympanic was 171.7 microg/ml, and via intravenous was 33.7 microg/ml; the MRT of intratympanic injection was 3.7 h while intravenous injection was 2.9 h; the half life (t(1/2)) of the former was 1.8 h but the latter was 2.1 h., Conclusions: The drug concentration could both be detected via intravenous and intratympanic injection in perilymph of guinea pig, But the effect of local administration via intratympanic was obvious superior to systemic administration.

Objective: To study the nutritional status of primary and middle school students in Huai'an and Nanjing. To discuss the factors which affect the nutritional status of students and provide evidence for intervention among them., Methods: Height, weight and hemoglobin indexes were measured among 2111 students in Huai'an and 1280 students in Nanjing. The body mass index and Rohrer index were used to assess the status of nutrition. WHO measures and standards were introduced to screen for the anemia ones., Results: The prevalence rates of obesity, overweight, malnutrition and anemia were 9.8%, 3.6%, 17.6% and 25.3% respectively; while the prevalence rates of obesity, overweight, malnutrition and anemia were 13.8%, 8.4%, 23.2% and 22.4% in Nanjing., Conclusion: The height and weight of the students in Huaian were lower than the Jiangsu average levels of the students in Huai'an.

Objective: To assess whether the free radical scavenger, edaravone, could provide protection from oxidative stress and hearing loss induced by noise exposure., Methods: Forty-eight guinea pigs were divided into six groups and exposure to a stationary noise at 125 dB SPL for 2 h only once. Group A: measured hearing and reactive oxygen species (ROS) level without noise exposure. Group B: intratympanic saline injection. Group C: intratympanic edaravone injection. Group D: exposed to noise for 2 h. Group E: intravenous edaravone injection after noise exposure. Group F: intratympanic edaravone injection after noise exposure. All animals of group D, E and F were measured hearing with ABR before noise exposure, immediately after noise exposure and at 2, 6, 12, 24, 48, 72 h after noise exposure, and then were decapitated for ROS measurement with electron spin resonance technology., Results: After noise exposure, the ABR threshold of group D increased immediately after acute acoustic trauma and did not get right finally, while group F came back about 10 dB SPL. The normal level of ROS in the cochlea of guinea pigs was about 21.68 (cm/g) and significantly increased after acute acoustic trauma, reaching its peak in 2h, and didn't return to normal after 72 h. Group E did not inhibit free radicals, while group F showed significant effect on inhibiting production of free radicals., Conclusions: The level of ROS in cochlea were decreased significantly after intratympanic edaravone injection. The mechanism may due to its effective clearance of the ROS in cochlea.