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Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics, diagnosis and treatment of severe combined periodontal-endodontic lesions in a double-rooted maxillary lateral incisor with a palatal radicular groove and to provide a reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment. Methods A patient with a double-rooted left maxillary lateral incisor with a palatal radicular groove and severe combined periodontal-endodontic lesions underwent complete root canal therapy and intentional replantation, and a retrospective analysis of the management of this type of patient was performed based on the literature. Results The 3-year follow-up examination revealed no discomfort, good healing of the upper left lateral incisor, no pathological loosening, and a palatal gingival sulcus was found at a depth of approximately 1 mm. Review of the literature showed that the prognosis of the affected tooth and the choice of treatment plan were correlated with the length and depth of extension of the lingual groove toward the root, the periodontal condition and the pulpal status of the affected tooth. For minor PRGs or for affected teeth with no loss of pulpal viability, flap surgery and odontoplasty can be used to avoid endodontic treatment or retreatment. For deep or long lingual grooves that result in significant loss of periodontal tissue, endodontic treatment, odontoplasty, or closure of the grooves and guided tissue regeneration are needed. In the case of PRGs with double root formation, the affected tooth can be preserved via root canal therapy, removal of the small root and filling with apical restorative material, and intentional replantation. Conclusion In cases of severe combined periodontal-endodontic lesions due to palatal radicular grooves occurring in double-rooted maxillary lateral incisors, clinical presentation and imaging can prevent missed diagnoses, and appropriate treatment should be based on the length and depth of lingual grooves extending toward the roots, periodontal conditions, and pulpal status of the affected teeth.

Objective To analyze the clinical,CT and MRI characteristics of tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) to raise awareness of multiple organ damage in this disease. Methods The clinical, CT and MRI characteristics of 12 cases of clinically confirmed TSC in Nanjing Jiangbei Hospital from September 2015 to June 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. Results TSC involved multiple organs and showed different changes in clinical imaging (the count of cases may overlap). In central nervous system, there were 9 cases of typical subependymal nodule, including 7 calcified nodules and 2 non-calcified nodules; 5 cases of cortical and subcortical nodule, 3 cases of white matter signal change, 1 case of subependymal giant cell astrocytoma. In abdomen,there were 8 cases of angiomyolipoma of different sizes in both kidneys (of which 2 cases were accompanied by intratumoral hemorrhage) and 1 case of multiple hepatic angiomyolipoma. In chest, there were 2 cases of pulmonary lymphangioleiomyomatosis and 1 case of cardiac rhabdomyoma. In bone, there was 1 case of multiple nodular and patchy osteosclerosis. Conclusion The analysis of clinical imaging features of TSC multi-system tumor is helpful for the diagnosis of TSC.

As a physical carrier of energy Internet， integrated energy system can improve energy utilization efficiency. Therefore， its optimal dispatching has attracted extensive attention of scholars all over the world. Firstly， the comprehensive demand response and the operation model of multi-energy storage device are modeled； Then， the minimum total operation cost of the integrated energy system is taken as the objective function to construct the optimal dispatching model of the integrated energy system considering the comprehensive demand response and multi-energy storage devices； Then， the CVaR （conditional value at risk） is used to deal with the output uncertainty of renewable energy； Finally， an example of an electric-heat-cold integrated energy system is analyzed. The results show that the model proposed in this paper can reduce the operation cost of the integrated energy system and measure the operational risk caused by output uncertainty of renewable energy.

The existing FFT-WT algorithm and FFT-BP algorithm have advantages only for the detection of certain specific harmonics in photovoltaic systems. In this paper, the FFT-WT algorithm is improved, and a DFFT-WT algorithm is proposed. The FFT-BP algorithm is improved and an improved FFT-BP model is proposed. On the basis of this, the two are combined, the threshold interval is introduced to limit the search scope of the neural network iteration, and a DFFT-WT-BP(Double FFT-WT-BP) detection algorithm is proposed. The simulation results show that the algorithm can detect complex harmonic signals composed of multiple harmonics in the actual photovoltaic network inversion system, and is more accurate and practical.

BackgroundSolid oxide cell (SOC) is the core converter for hydrogen production by high temperature electrolysis of water vapor and hydrogen fuel utilization.PurposeThis study aims to develope two kinds of aqueous casting pastes of NiO-YSZ with different components for the batch preparation of SOC without the usage of a large number of organic solvents.MethodsA 10 cm×10 cm large-scale full-scale cell was prepared by screen printing the hydrogen electrode functional layer, electrolyte layer, barrier layer and oxygen electrode layer with NiO-YSZ support film at one time casting of about 450 μm. The effect of dispersant on the microstructure of hydrogen electrode support and the stability of the pastes were analyzed by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The performance of the SOCs were tested by I-V curve and electrochemical impedance.ResultsBased on the optimized NiO-YSZ supports, the prepared planar SOCs delivers a peak power density of 0.36 W·cm-2 at 750 ℃. The electrolysis current density of SOC can reach -0.68 A·cm-2 at 1.30 V in solid oxide electrolysis cell (SOEC) model.ConclusionsThe performances of the aqueous-based SOCs can be considered highly remarkable, thus supporting the success in scaling the fabrication of SOCs using more environ-mentally friendly processes than conventional ones.

Straw residues left in the field include the crop stubbles, stems and leaves, part of the crushed straw remained in the field under the condition of reasonable harvest stubble. Besides collectable straw returned to field directly, leaving the straw residues in the field is the basic form of direct-application of straw into fields and this phenomenon could be widely seen throughout almost all the cropland in China. Researches on quantitative estimation of straw residues are of great significance to estimate the amount of collectable straw resources, evaluate the land productivity quantitatively and to make planning of direct-application of straw into fields etc. Formulas for estimating the quantity of straw residues left on the field were derived in this research. Five parameters were used in this study including average plant height, harvesting stubble height, leaf ratio, leaf fall rate, crops stalk loss ratio of mechanical collector. Parameters that estimated the quantity of wheat, corn and rice straw residues left in the field were determined by field surveys and literature analysis through selecting a large number of experimental data and survey data. The results showed that the amount of straw residues left on the field would increase gradually with the growing mechanical harvesting area. Total amount of straw returning to the field of China would increase to 600 000 000 t in ten years and that was 60% of the total production of crop straw. If the amount of collectable straw returning to field increased at the same time, the proportion and level of straw returning to the field would reach the level comparable to developed countries such as USA and Japan etc. In 2013, the amount of straw residues left on the field of three major crops of wheat, corn and rice in China was 71 069 200, 45 434 800 and 63 929 500 t, respectively. Straw residues left on the field of the whole nation was 253 300 800 t in the cropped area, and straw residues left on the field for the average per hectare of the sown area was 1.87 t. To meet the minimum requirement of the basic amount of straw residues directly returning to the field, this number should increase by 60% at least. Meanwhile, it should be expanded by 140% at least to meet the regular amount of straw residues directly returning to the field. The final part of this paper showed future needs for such research to calculate the quantity the straw residues applied into the field. The first is to carry out the extensive measure and calculation in the field, thus promotes the accuracy of the quantitative estimation parameters of straw residues of wheat, corn and rice, especially that of the harvesting stubble height and crops straw loss ratio of mechanical collector. The second is to carry out the quantitative estimation research on the straw residues of the economic crops as cotton, bean and rape etc., and further establish parameters of quantitative estimation of national major grain and economic crops' straw residues directly applied into the field. The third is to establish the parameters of quantitative estimation of regional straw residues directly applied into the field, and then gradually extend to apply this method to all the rest regions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To preparing a new high-performance edible film, the edible films were made from whey protein concentrate (WPC) and chitosan (CS). The modified treatment with assistance of ultrasonic/microwave group was carried out. According to pre-test, the optimal ultrasonic power 90 W, microwave power 300 W, modified temperature 30°C, the edible films were prepared using WPC: CS=6:6, namely, whey protein concentrate 1.5 g and chitosan (CS) 1.5 g, sorbitol concentration 3 g, pH value 5. The results showed that water vapor permeability (WVP) of the edible films modified with assistance of ultrasonic/microwave was 1.18×10-13 g/(cm·s·Pa), lower than that of the control group (1.64×10-13 g/(cm·s·Pa)), in other words, water vapor permeability modified with assistance of ultrasonic/microwave group, was reduced by 27.9%, by contrast with ultrasound and microwave group water vapor permeability was reduced by 13.4% and 8.9%, respectively; oxygen permeability (OP) of the edible films modified with assistance of ultrasonic/microwave was 1.09×10-5 cm3/(m2·d·Pa), which was lower than 2.1×10-5 cm3/(m2·d·Pa) of the control group, namely, oxygen permeability was reduced by 48.1%, by contrast with ultrasound and microwave group oxygen permeability was reduced by 27.3% and 25.9%, respectively. The results showed that ultrasonic/microwave assisting treatment can reduce water vapor permeability and oxygen permeability of blend films of whey protein concentrate and chitosan. The paper analyzed the effects of factors on the tensile strength, elongation at break, transmittance, water vapor permeability and oxygen permeability by single factor experiments. Those factors included film-forming ratio WPC:CS, adding quantity of sorbitol (as plasticizer), the pH, and the time of ultrasonic/microwave assisting treatment. The optimal technology parameters were WPC:CS=5.8:6.2, sorbitol concentration 0.021 g/mL, pH value 5.13, and ultrasonic/microwave assisting treatment time 5 min; and under the conditions, the blend films exhibited good physical properties, and transmittance was 60.23%, WVP was 1.22×10-13 g/(cm·s·Pa), OP was 1.29×10-5 cm3/(m2·d·Pa), tensile strength was 20.53 MPa and elongation at break was 58.91%. According to the optimization results, WPC/CS edible films were prepared and performance test was executed. The measured average values from three parallel verification experiments were: Tensile strength (TS) 23.45 MPa, water vapor permeability 1.34×10-13 g/(cm·s·Pa), elongation at break 57.6%, oxygen permeability 1.15×10-5 cm3/(m2·d·Pa) and transmittance 61.5%. The relative error of transmittance was minimum which was only 2.07%, and the relative error of water vapor permeability was maximum which was 5.65%. It was found that the relative error experiment results can be used to predict. The results can provide a reference for the development of a new edible film. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To translate the University of Rhode Island Change Assessment of voice scale（URICA-Voice） into Chinese and test its reliability and validity. Methods: The URICA-Voice scale was converted into Chinese by literal translation, cultural adjustment, expert consultation, pre-investigation, and back translation. Convenience sampling was used to recruit patients at four speech therapy centers from February to May 2022. Then the Chinese version of the scale was distributed to them, and the reliability and validity of the scale were tested after data collection. Cronbach ɑ was used to evaluate the reliability. The critical ratio method and Pearson correlation coefficient were used for item analysis. Item-level content validity, scale-level content validity, and confirmatory factor analysis were used to test the validity of the scale. Results: A total of 247 valid questionnaires were collected. ①Item analysis: the critical ratios between a high-score and low-score groups of 32 items were all statistically significant（ P <0.01） and all the critical ratios were above 3.00. The Pearson correlation between 32 items and the total score was significant（ P <0.01）. ②Validity analysis: I-CVI=1.00, S-CVI/ Ave =1.00, χ²/df =2.30, RMSEA =0.07. Except for item 9 and 23, the standardized factor loading coefficients of other items were all above 0.50. AVE of the four dimensions of the scale was all above 0.50, and the combined reliability of the four dimensions was all above 0.70. The correlation coefficients between dimensions were less than the square root of the AVE of the dimension itself. ③Reliability analysis: the Cronbach ɑ of the whole scale was 0.94, and the Cronbach ɑ of the four dimensions were 0.88, 0.92, 0.94, and 0.88 respectively. Conclusion: The Chinese version of URICA-Voice has good reliability and validity, and can be used as a specific measurement tool for evaluating the compliance of voice training in China., Competing Interests: The authors of this article and the planning committee members and staff have no relevant financial relationships with commercial interests to disclose., (Copyright© by the Editorial Department of Journal of Clinical Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery.)

Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the teaching of Biopharmaceutical Engineering course was carried out online and completed with satisfactory outcomes. In order to improve the efficiency of online teaching, ensure the substantive equivalence between online and offline teaching and achieve effective teaching, this article summarized the exploration and practical experience of online teaching, taking the Biopharmaceutical Engineering course as an example. This includes analysis of learner characteristics, selection of online teaching platform, development of teaching resources, optimization of teaching contents, BOPPPS teaching method-based design of teaching structure, and reflection of effective teaching. This paper is expected to provide a useful reference for online teaching.

Objective: This study investigated the application of combined ossicular replacement prosthesis（The Kurz Omega Connector+TORP） in type Ⅲ tympanoplasty, and compared the surgical effect with traditional TORP. Methods: Twenty patients with unilateral chronic suppurative otitis media diagnosed in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University from January 2019 to June 2020 were included in this study.All the patients were treated with intra-auricular incision with a microscopic approach（tympanic exploration, lesion clearance+type Ⅲ tympanoplasty）. According to the placement of different types of ossicular replacement prosthesis in the ossicular chain reconstruction of type Ⅲ tympanoplasty, the patients were divided into two groups: the traditional TORP group（ n =10） and the combined ossicular replacement prosthesis（The Kurz Omega Connector+TORP） group（ n =10）. All patients underwent pure tone audiometry before and 1 year after the operation, and the average hearing threshold and air-bone conduction difference（ABG） were compared between the two groups before and after the operation. Results: The reconstruction of the ossicular chain was completed successfully in all patients. Endoscopic examination showed that the epithelialization of the operative cavity was good and the repair of the tympanic membrane recovered well one month after the operation. There was no significant difference in preoperative mean airway threshold between the combined ossicular replacement prosthesis and the traditional TORP group （74.13[41.50，80.50] dB vs 74.25[44.81，82.50] dB, P >0.05）, there was no significant difference in preoperative ABG （55.63[21.50，61.25] dB vs 54.13[23.63，60.38] dB, P >0.05）. After the operation, the ABG of the combined auriculus group was significantly lower than that of the traditional operation group （12.00[5.75，24.56] dB vs 34.88[14.19，46.44] dB, P <0.05）. Conclusion: The combined ossicular replacement prosthesis（The Kurz Omega Connector+TORP） can increase the stability of hearing reconstruction and improve hearing in type Ⅲ tympanoplasty., Competing Interests: The authors of this article and the planning committee members and staff have no relevant financial relationships with commercial interests to disclose., (Copyright© by the Editorial Department of Journal of Clinical Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery.)

Breathing pattern parameters refer to the characteristic pattern parameters of respiratory movements, including the breathing amplitude and cycle, chest and abdomen contribution, coordination, etc. It is of great importance to analyze the breathing pattern parameters quantificationally when exploring the pathophysiological variations of breathing and providing instructions on pulmonary rehabilitation training. Our study provided detailed method to quantify breathing pattern parameters including respiratory rate, inspiratory time, expiratory time, inspiratory time proportion, tidal volume, chest respiratory contribution ratio, thoracoabdominal phase difference and peak inspiratory flow. We also brought in "respiratory signal quality index" to deal with the quality evaluation and quantification analysis of long-term thoracic-abdominal respiratory movement signal recorded, and proposed the way of analyzing the variance of breathing pattern parameters. On this basis, we collected chest and abdomen respiratory movement signals in 23 chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients and 22 normal pulmonary function subjects under spontaneous state in a 15 minute-interval using portable cardio-pulmonary monitoring system. We then quantified subjects' breathing pattern parameters and variability. The results showed great difference between the COPD patients and the controls in terms of respiratory rate, inspiratory time, expiratory time, thoracoabdominal phase difference and peak inspiratory flow. COPD patients also showed greater variance of breathing pattern parameters than the controls, and unsynchronized thoracic-abdominal movements were even observed among several patients. Therefore, the quantification and analyzing method of breathing pattern parameters based on the portable cardiopulmonary parameters monitoring system might assist the diagnosis and assessment of respiratory system diseases and hopefully provide new parameters and indexes for monitoring the physical status of patients with cardiopulmonary disease.

The LACK gene from Leishmania, an analogue of the receptor of activated protein kinase C, was discovered recently. In this study, the LACK gene of Leishmania donovani was obtained from the recombinant plasmid T-LACK by PCR. The gene was cloned into eukaryotic expressed plasmid pcDNA3.1(+) to construct recombinant plasmid. This recombinant plasmid then was transfected into the eukaryotic cell COS-7, and the expression of LACK gene in eukaryotic cell was detected by RT-PCR and immunofluorescent staining. Both RT-PCR and immunofluorescent staining of recombinant plasmid transfected COS-7 showed positive reaction, thus indicating that the recombinant plasmid pcDNA3-LACK can express LACK protein in euka ryotic cell COS-7.

Objective: To provide basis for the exploring of the mechanism and improvement of the efficacy of DNA vaccines, through the analysis of CpG motifs in endoflagellar gene (flaB2) and expression vector (VR1012) of the Leptospiral DNA vaccine., Methods: Directed by Kreig's immunostimulatory nucleic acid molecules, we undertook the computer-assisted analysis of the total number and locations of CpG motifs in flaB2 and VR1012 sequences., Results: The CpG motifs was flanked by two 5'purines and 3'pyrimidines. There were 3 CpG motifs in flaB2 and 11 in VR1012. Four particularly important TGACGTCA and 1 TAACGCCA were located in the 5' end of VR1012., Conclusion: One of the most important consideration in optimizing a DNA vaccine is the appropriate choice of vectors. The essential feature of a plasmid DNA vector includes a transcriptional unit and an adjuvant unit. The adjuvant properties of a plasmid DNA vector are highly influenced by the number of CpG motifs within the plasmid backbone. Our results showed that both flaB2 and VR1012 contain CpG motifs, which are immunostimulatory sequence and can act as adjuvant of DNA vaccines.

Objective: To construct a fusion expression vector for DNA vaccine, including a flagellin gene (flaB2) and an outer membrane protein gene (ompL1) to enhance the protective immunity of Leptospira interrogans serova Lai (Stain 017)., Methods: The DNA fragments encoding flaB2 and ompL1 were amplified respectively by PCR and then fused. The obtained chimeric gene ompL1-flaB2 contained a synthetic linker of ten amino acids to sustain its space conformation., Results: Identified by restriction enzyme analysis, an insert fragment of 1.8 kb was demonstrated. FlaB2 and ompL1 respectively had the same sequence as reported by DNA sequencing analysis., Conclusion: A fusion expression plasmid containing flaB2 and ompL1 was constructed.