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Assessing the sustainable development of agriculture is a hot topic in global agricultural research and an important task of rural revitalization and agricultural upgrading in the new era. Reform and opening up promote the rapid development of the agricultural economy, but the conflict between agricultural development and agricultural resources and ecological environment is serious. Since the 18th National Congress of the CPC, the sustainable development of agriculture has been given more prominence. It is of great significance to study the evaluation of agricultural sustainable development. Firstly, this paper studies the relevant literature on agricultural sustainable development evaluation at home and abroad. Based on wavelet transform, support vector machine(SVM), genetic algorithm (GA)and ant colony optimization(ACO) algorithm, a combination evaluation method of wavelet and intelligent optimization support vector machine is proposed. Secondly, by referring to the existing evaluation index system and combining with the actual situation of China's agricultural development, the alternative index set of agricultural sustainable development evaluation is established. Using SPSS software, the significance and correlation of 150 primary indexes are analyzed, and an evaluation index system including 62 indexes is established. Thirdly, using one-dimensional discrete stationary wavelet analysis, data denoising processing, genetic algorithm, ant colony algorithm, optimize the parameters of support vector machine, get better penalty parameters, kernel function, insensitivity coefficient, and then train the support vector machine. Fourth, taking 31 provinces (municipalities) in China as an example, this paper evaluates the agricultural sustainable development by applying the wavelet-GASVM model and the wavelet-ACOSVM model, and using the GA-SVM model and the ACO-SVM model to evaluate the agricultural sustainable development of 31 provinces (municipalities) in China. Fifthly, the reliability of the wavelet intelligent optimization SVM method is verified by changing the number of test sets and conducting multiple tests. The evaluation and simulation results show that: 1) The mean square error of agricultural sustainable development evaluation of Wavelte-GASVM is 9.641×10-5, and the correlation coefficient is 0.980; however, under the same training set and test set, the mean square error and correlation coefficient obtained by GASVM are 0.006 and 0.979, respectively. 2)The mean square error of Wavelet-ACOSVM agricultural sustainable development evaluation was 9.318×10-5, and the correlation coefficient was 0.972; the mean square error MSE and correlation coefficient of ACO-SVM are 0.016 and 0.953, respectively, under the same training set and test set. 3) Change the number of test sets and perform several tests and compare the results of GASVM model and ACO-SVM model before and after wavelet denoising respectively. It can be seen that under the GASVM model, the mean square error of the running results after wavelet denoising is smaller than that before wavelet denoising, and the correlation coefficient is larger than that before wavelet denoising, and the running time is shorter. Under the ACOSVM model, the mean square error of the running result after wavelet denoising is also smaller than that before wavelet denoising, and the correlation coefficient is larger than that before wavelet denoising, and the running time is shorter. Conclusion: The prediction accuracy and convergence speed of agricultural sustainable development evaluation by wavelet-GASVM and wavelet-ACOSVM are better than GA-SVM and ACO-SVM, respectively, and the effect of agricultural sustainable development evaluation by wavelet-GASVM is more ideal. This study provides a method reference for agricultural sustainable development assessment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]