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Background Whether considering the cumulative effect of sustained C-reactive protein (CRP) and distinguishing different aspects of depressive symptoms may be the reasons for the inconsistent conclusions of previous studies on the association between CRP and depressive symptoms among middle-aged and older adults. The relationship between cumulative effects of CRP elevations and different aspects of depressive symptoms in middle-aged and older adults in China is not well understood. Objective This study aims to examine the relationship between cumulative episodes of CRP elevations over two successive determinations and depressive symptoms, as well as somatic and non-somatic retardation, among Chinese middle-aged and older adults. Methods This study used public data from the 2011-2018 Chinese Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) and included 3 868 subjects. They were categorized based on the frequency of CRP elevations over two consecutive measurements: "elevated on zero occasion" (n=2 918), "elevated on one occasion" (n=763), and "elevated on two occasions" (n=187). Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CESD-10) in 2011, 2015, and 2018, capturing both somatic and non-somatic dimensions. Multiple linear was used to explore the associations between cumulative episodes of CRP elevations over two successive determinations with depressive symptom scores in 2018, as well as the scores of somatic and non-somatic components separately. Multivariate Logistic regression was used to investigate the effects of cumulative episodes of CRP elevations on the risk of depressive symptoms in 2018. Results The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that after adjusting for all covariates, elevated on two occasions compared with elevated on zero occasion, which was an influential factor for the total score of depressive symptoms (β=1.22, P

[Objective] Thylakoids are the important sites where photosynthesis takes place. The thylakoid membrane envelops form a central aqueous region known as the thylakoid lumen. There are various types of proteins residing in thylakoid lumen, including high chlorophyll fluorescence (HCF) proteins, immunophilins, oxygen-evolving complex (OEC) proteins, and PsbP-like proteins, etc. These proteins are considered to play important roles during various physiological processes, such as photosynthesis, nucleotide metabolism, and redox regulation. [Reviews] This review summarized the function of the thylakoid lumen proteins involved in photosynthesis regulation, such as photosystem assembly, growth regulation, and excess light stress response. [Prospect] The review provided the theoretical reference for future study on the physiological function of the thylakoid lumen proteins.

Based on isentropic assumption, mass conservation and separation prediction formula, an engineering estimation method of nozzle performance considering flow separation was developed for large expansion ratio nozzle, and the performance evaluation method was verified with numerical simulation in this paper. The variation trend of thrust performance with nozzle pressure ratio(NPR) estimated by present method is in good agreement with simulation results. The results indicate that the present method has a good predicting ability at highly over-expanded flow conditions and an accurate estimation on large NPR state. It can provide direct guidance for nozzle design.

Based on 57 literatures, the quantitative relations among the apparent activation energy, E, apparent pre-exponential factor, k0 and volatile content on dry ash free basis, Vdaf, fuel ratio (FR) data from TGA experiments were obtained for 131 Chinese power coal samples. Regression was made for lg k0, E with Vdaf, FR, the regression results show that ① E, lg k0 decrease linearly with Vdaf, E = 109. 6-0. 365Vdaf lg k0 = 5. 406-0. 04 Vdaf, and lg k0 increases linearly with E, lg k0 = -0. 193+0. 043E. According to Vdaf of Chinese power coals, E and k0 can be calculated. In addition, according to Arrhenius Law, reaction speed constant number during power coal burning processes can be calculated. ② with the increase of FR, E and lg k0 increase with FR generally, E = 90. 891 +3. 097 37FR-0. 138FR², lg k0 = 3.413 2 - 0. 001FR+0. 022 8FR² The two mathematic relationships mentioned above correspond to the relationship of lg k0 increasing linearly with E. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and objective It has been reported that there was a close relationship between lung cancer risk and environmental tobacco smoke at workplace. The aim of this study is to explore the relationship between workplace environmental tobacco smoke exposure and lung cancer risk among non-smoking subjects. Methods By searching Medline, CENTRAL (the Cochrane central register of controlled trials), EMBASE, CBM, CNKI and VIP et al, we collected both domestic and overseas published documents on workplace environmental tobacco smoke exposure and lung cancer risk. Random or fixed effect models were applied to conduct systematic review on the study results, the combined odds ratio (OR) and the 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated as well. Results 22 reports were included into the combined analysis, which indicated that 25% lung cancer risk was increased by exposing to workplace environment tobacco smoke (OR=1.25, 95%CI: 1.13-1.39, P<0.001). For female the increased risk was 22% (OR=1.22, 95%CI: 1.05-1.42, P=0.011). For male the increased risk was 54%, but it does not reach the statistical significance (OR=1.54, 95%CI: 0.74-3.18, P=0.247). Conclusion Workplace environmental tobacco smoke exposure is an important risk factor of lung cancer risk among non-smoking subjects. Especially for non-smoking women who expose to workplace environment tobacco smoke have a close relationship with lung cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To test the performance of CHA 2 DS 2 -VASc score in predicting stroke recurrence in first-ever ischemic stroke survivors without atrial fibrillation (AF)., Methods: A total of 768 patients were included in this study, including 475 male (61.85%) and 293 female patients (38.15%) with a mean age of 61.52±12.59 years (17-90 years). The baseline information of the patients was collected by face-to-face questionnaire survey and electronic medical record review, and their follow-up information was collected by telephone follow-up once every 3 months. Chi-square test and Wilcoxon rank sum test were used to compare the baseline characteristics between the patients regularly followed up and those withdrawn from the study. The area under the ROC curve (AUC), sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio and other indicators of CHA 2 DS 2 -VASc score were determined, and C-index based on Cox proportional hazards model was used to evaluate the performance of CHA 2 DS 2 - VASc score in predicting the risk of stroke recurrence in patients at different time points during the follow-up., Results: The 1-year, 3-year, and 5-year recurrence rate of stroke was 10.59%, 20.45%, and 29.46% in these patients, respectively. The AUC value, Optimal Operating Point (OOP) and the corresponding positive likelihood ratios (LR+) for predicting stroke recurrence were 0.558 (95% CI : 0.492-0.624), 4.5, and 1.256 at 1 year; 0.574 (95% CI : 0.517-0.630), 4.5, and 1.397 at 3 years; and 0.604 (95% CI : 0.548-0.661), 4.5, and 1.655 at 5 years, respectively. Sensitivity analysis of congestive heart failure showed that the predictive effect of CHA 2 DS 2 -VASc score was basically unchanged., Conclusions: CHA 2 DS 2 -VASc score can be used to predict the 3-year and 5-year risk of stroke recurrence in first-ever ischemic stroke survivors without AF. The score has a better prediction ability for long-term stroke recurrence, but the prediction value remains low, suggesting the need to further improve the score or establish a new score for predicting stroke recurrence.

Objective: To investigate the association between alcohol drinking and all-cause death in patients with ischemic stroke., Methods: Between January, 2010 and July, 2018, consecutive patients with first-episode ischemic stroke admitted in the West China Hospital, Sichuan University were enrolled, and all the patients were followed up every 3 months.Chi-square test was used to compare the differences in the baseline characteristics between the pre-stroke drinkers and the nondrinkers.The Cox regression model was used to analyze the effects of drinking status, drinking years, drinking frequency, average single alcohol intake before stroke and drinking status during the follow-up period on the mortality of patients after discharge., Results: A total of 855 patients with ischemic stroke were enrolled, and deaths occurred in 140 of these patients.Chi-square test showed significant differences in gender ( P &lt; 0.001), weekly physical exercise time ( P =0.035), smoking ( P &lt; 0.001), and heart disease ( P &lt; 0.001) between the pre-stroke drinkers and nondrinkers.Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that drinking during the follow-up period ( P =0.001), drinking for less than 28 years before stroke ( P =0.035) and a moderate drinking frequency (5 to 20 times per month for males and 4 to 9 times per month for females; P =0.030) were associated with a lowered risk of death after discharge.No significant effects of pre-stroke drinking status or average single alcohol intake were found on death after ischemic stroke., Conclusions: The drinking years and drinking frequency before stroke and drinking status during the follow-up period are related to the all-cause mortality in patients with ischemic stroke.Investigations of the more specific variables of drinking behaviors during the follow-up period are needed to further clarify the association between drinking and death after ischemic stroke.

Background and Objective: It has been reported that there was a close relationship between lung cancer risk and environmental tobacco smoke at workplace. The aim of this study is to explore the relationship between workplace environmental tobacco smoke exposure and lung cancer risk among non-smoking subjects., Methods: By searching Medline, CENTRAL (the Cochrane central register of controlled trials), EMBASE, CBM, CNKI and VIP et al, we collected both domestic and overseas published documents on workplace environmental tobacco smoke exposure and lung cancer risk. Random or fixed effect models were applied to conduct systematic review on the study results, the combined odds ratio (OR) and the 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated as well., Results: 22 reports were included into the combined analysis, which indicated that 25% lung cancer risk was increased by exposing to workplace environment tobacco smoke (OR=1.25, 95%CI: 1.13-1.39, P < 0.001). For female the increased risk was 22% (OR=1.22, 95%CI: 1.05-1.42, P=0.011). For male the increased risk was 54%, but it does not reach the statistical significance (OR=1.54, 95%CI: 0.74-3.18, P=0.247)., Conclusions: Workplace environmental tobacco smoke exposure is an important risk factor of lung cancer risk among non-smoking subjects. Especially for non-smoking women who expose to workplace environment tobacco smoke have a close relationship with lung cancer.

Objective: To study the perinatal outcomes of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP)., Methods: The clinical data of 1210 cases of ICP in recent ten years were retrospectively analyzed., Results: The incidence rates of perinatal outcomes of ICP were as follows: 19.0% (230/1210) for threatened premature labor, 24.0% (290/1210) for premature delivery; 23.2% (281/1210) for meconium stained amniotic fluid, 7.1% (86/1210) for neonatal asphyxia, 22.5 per thousand (27/1210) for perinatal mortality, 85.9% (1039/1210) for cesarean section, 0.9% (11/1210) for fetal growth restriction (FGR), 1.4% (17/1210) for postpartum hemorrhage, and 8.1% (101/1210) for preeclampsia. Threatened premature labor occurred beyond the gestation gestation period of 32 weeks in 88.7% (204/230) of the patients, and the fetal death rate in threatened premature labor was 46.7% (7/15). Premature delivery occurred after 34 weeks of gestation in 96.2% of the patients (279/290) 89.7% (260/290) of which were caused by cesarean section because of abnormal fetal monitoring. 41.3% of the cases with meconium stained amniotic fluid (116/281) occurred before the onset of labor. Fetal death accounted for 56% (15/27) of perinatal death, 80% (12/15) of which happened after the gestation week of 35 (36.5 +/- 1.2) with normal fetal heart rate monitoring. 95% (19/20) of the fetal death and stillbirth occurred after threatened premature labor and occasional uterine contractions, or at the early stage of labor., Conclusion: The rates of FGR, postpartum hemorrhage, and preeclampsia in ICP are almost the same as those of the normal pregnancy. Routine fetal heart rate monitoring methods cannot predict fetal death. The important measures to decrease the perinatal mortality include paying attention to fetal monitoring when threatened premature labor, occasional uterine contractions and prenatal meconium occur, and at the early stage of labor, and management of threatened premature labor and timely intervention of pregnancy (at the gestation period of 34 - 37 weeks).