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Different from cross-presentation and direct-presentation, cross-dressing is another way of antigen presentation by dendritic cells （DC）, which can capture peptide-MHC Ⅰ molecular complex and present it to effector T cells directly without further processing. In the past decade, some significant results has been achieved in research of cross-dressing in tumor immunity, for example, by mouse and human tumor cell models, it has been confirmed that cross-dressing exists in different tumor antigen recognition and immune response processes, preliminarily clarifing specific pathway and DC molecular phenotype of cross-dressing and relationship between cross-dressing and cross-presentation were studied. Details of the above issues were reviewed in this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Ｏｂｊｅｃｔｉｖｅｓ] Ｔｈｅ ｐａｐｅｒ ｗａｓ ａｉｍｅｄ ｔｏ ｃｒｅａｔｅ ａ ｍｅｔｈｏｄ ｆｏｒ ｔｈｅ ｉｓｏｌａｔｉｏｎ ｏｆ ｄｅｎｄｒｉｔｉｃ ｃｅｌｌｓ( ＤＣ) ｆｒｏｍ ｐｏｒｃｉｎｅ ｉｎｔｅｓｔｉｎａｌ ｍｕｃｏｓａｌ Ｐｅｙｅｒ’ｓ ｐａｔｃｈ(ＰＰ)ｉｎ ｖｉｔｒｏ. [Ｍｅｔｈｏｄｓ]Ｔｈｅ ｍｏｎｏｎｕｃｌｅａｒ ｃｅｌｌｓ ｗｅｒｅ ｏｂｔａｉｎｅｄ ｂｙ ｄｅｎｓｉｔｙ ｇｒａｄｉｅｎｔ ｃｅｎｔｒｉｆｕｇａｔｉｏｎ ａｎｄ ｔｈｅｎ ＤＣ ｗａｓ ｓｏｒｔｅｄ ｆｒｏｍ ｐｏｒｃｉｎｅ ｉｎｔｅｓｔｉｎａｌ ｍｕｃｏｓａｌ ＰＰ ｂｙ ｍａｇｎｅｔｉｃ ａｃｔｉｖａｔｅｄ ｃｅｌｌ ｓｏｒｔｉｎｇ( ＭＡＣＳ) ａｎｄ ｆｌｕｏｒｅｓｃｅｎｃｅ ａｃｔｉｖａｔｅｄ ｃｅｌｌ ｓｏｒｔｉｎｇ (ＦＡＣＳ)ꎬ ａｎｄ ｔｈｅｉｒ ｍｏｒｐｈｏｌｏｇｉｃａｌ ａｎｄ ｉｍｍｕｎｏｌｏｇｉｃａｌ ｃｈａｒａｃｔｅｒｉｓｔｉｃｓ ｗｅｒｅ ｉｎｖｅｓｔｉｇａｔｅｄ. [ Ｒｅｓｕｌｔｓ] Ｔｈｅ ｐｕｒｉｔｙ ｏｆ ＳＷＣ３ａ＋ ｃｅｌｌｓ ｅｎｒｉｃｈｅｄ ｂｙ ＭＡＣＳ ｗａｓ ９０.２％ꎬｗｈｉｌｅ ｔｈｅ ｐｕｒｉｔｙ ｏｆ ＳＷＣ３ａ＋ / ＭＨＣ￣Ⅱ＋ ｃｅｌｌｓ ｗａｓ ５０.５％. Ｔｈｅ ｐｕｒｉｔｙ ｏｆ ＳＷＣ３ａ＋ / ＭＨＣ￣Ⅱ＋ ＤＣ ｉｎ ｐｏｒｃｉｎｅ ｉｎｔｅｓｔｉｎａｌ ｍｕｃｏｓａｌ ＰＰ ｗａｓ ９５.６％ ｗｈｅｎ ｉｔ ｗａｓ ｓｏｒｔｅｄ ｂｙ ｆｌｏｗ ｃｙｔｏｍｅｔｒｙ. Ａｆｔｅｒ ２ ｄａｙｓ ｏｆ ｃｕｌｔｕｒｅꎬｔｈｅ ｃｅｌｌｓ ｈａｄ ａｇｇｒｅｇａｔｉｏｎ. Ｔｈｅ ｓｕｒｆａｃｅ ｏｆ ｔｈｅ ｃｅｌｌｓ ｗａｓ ｉｒｒｅｇｕｌａｒ ａｎｄ ｓｌｉｇｈｔｌｙ ｐｒｏｔｕｂｅｒａｎｔꎬａｎｄ ｈａｄ ｔｈｅ ａｂｉｌｉｔｙ ｔｏ ｓｔｉｍｕｌａｔｅ ｔｈｅ ｐｒｏｌｉｆｅｒａｔｉｏｎ ｏｆ ａｌｌｏｇｅｎｅｉｃ ｌｙｍｐｈｏｃｙｔｅｓ. [ Ｃｏｎｃｌｕｓｉｏｎｓ]Ｔｈｅ ｍｅｔｈｏｄ ｔｏ ｉｓｏｌａｔｅ ＤＣ ｆｒｏｍ ｐｏｒｃｉｎｅ ｉｎｔｅｓｔｉｎａｌ ｍｕｃｏｓａｌ ＰＰ ｉｓ ｅｓｔａｂｌｉｓｈｅｄꎬｗｈｉｃｈ ｍｉｇｈｔ ｃｏｎｔｒｉｂｕｔｅ ｔｏ ｆｕｒｔｈｅｒ ｓｔｕｄｙ ｏｎ ｔｈｅ ｒｏｌｅ ｏｆ ＤＣ ｉｎ ｐｏｒｃｉｎｅ ｉｎｔｅｓｔｉｎａｌ ｍｕｃｏｓａｌ ＰＰ. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Practical Pharmacy & Clinical Remedies is the property of Editorial Department of Practical Pharmacy & Clinical Remedies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Mycosystema is the property of Mycosystema Editorial Board and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are a heterogeneous population of immature myeloid cells, which are the precursors of macrophages and granulocyte and dendritic cells, which express various antigen markers different from other mature myeloid cells. When the body is in the state of cancer, inflammation, infection, MDSCs would be accumulated to the periphery from the bone marrow and activated, in which a series of tumor-derived factor associated with chronic inflammation is a key mediator. MDSCs has a variety of methods to suppress the body's acquired and natural anti-tumor immunity, which makes the tumor cells can escape the body's immune surveillance and attack, promoting tumor development. In recent years, more and more researchers began to pay attention to the correlation between MDSCs and malignant tumor, and the tumor immunotherapy targeting MDSCs was also reported. The purpose oft his paper is to review the biological function and research progress of MDSCs in malignant tumors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objectives]The paper aims to explore the efficiency of neuromedin U (NMU)with different concentrations treatments on the cytokine secretion and T lymphocyte proliferation by pig dendritic cells (DC). [Methods]In this study,immature dendritic cells (iDC)were originated from pig peripheral blood monocytes cultured with GM-CSF and IL-4,and then triggered DC maturation with LPS. Varied doses of NMU (0.01,0.1,1,10,100,1 000 nmol·L-1)were added into iDC and mature dendritic cells (mDC)at different time points (2,4,8,12 h),then the culture supernatant of mDC was collected to detect IL-4,IL-5 and IL-13 by ELISA kit. Finally,the apoptosis of DC and the capacity of DC to evaluate T cell proliferation were determined by apoptosis detection kit and CCK-8 kit. [Results]NMU (0.1-100 nmol·L-1)can inhibit the apoptosis of iDC (2.383%) (P<0.01),which was consistent with the effect of NMU+LPS (2.360%). Furthermore,compared with LPS,NMU+LPS can significantly inhibit the apoptosis of iDC,which suggested that NMU had a synergistic effect with LPS in inhibiting apoptosis of iDC. Compared with control group,NMU (0.1-100 nmol·L-1)can significantly increase the expression of IL-5 (P<0.01)and reduce the expression of IL-4 (P<0.01). However,the secretion of IL-13 displayed a diversity trend. It turned out that low NMU (0.01-0.1 nmol·L-1)can inhibit the expression of IL-13 in mDC during 2 h to 4 h (P<0.05),and medium dose (1-10 nmol·L-1)NMU can inhibit the IL-13 release within 2 hours while it can increase the IL-13 secretion after 4 hours (P<0.05). High dose (100-1 000 nmol·L-1)NMU increased the expression of IL-13 (P<0.05). Both iDC and mDC can promote the proliferation of T lymphocytes after incubation with NMU (P<0.01). [Conclusions]NMU has a remarked immunity effect. Its mechanism is probably based on promotion of the activity of DC and inhibition of the apoptosis of dendritic cells. Within the certain range of concentration,NMU can inhibit the apoptosis of porcine dendritic cells and increase the activity of DC,which enhance proliferation of T cells and alter the cytokine secretion of mDC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]