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To reduce energy consumption and environmental pollution and improve the practical application value of abamectin B2, the 23-OH was reacted with pyridine formylhydrazide, benzene sulfonyl hydrazide, brominated benzoylhydrazide and hydrazide formate after oxidized to carbonyl. Six avermectin derivatives with hydrazide structure were designed and synthesized. New compounds were confirmed by HMRS and 1H NMR and were preliminarily tested its insecticidal and acaricidal activities against diamondback moth, aphid and vermilion leaf mites. The insecticidal activities of target compounds indicated that the mortality rates of avermectin B2a with m-bromobenzoyl hydrazine and isonicotinic hydrazine against diamondback moth at 1 μg/mL were 75% and 50%, respectively, which were significantly higher than those of benzene sulfonyl hydrazide and methoxy formyl hydrazine abamectin B2a derivatives, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]