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Copyright of China Pulp & Paper is the property of China Pulp & Paper Magazines Publisher and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Food Safety & Quality is the property of Journal of Food Safety & Quality Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Dietary fiber is a linear polysaccharide composed of ten or more pyran glucosyl groups connected by β-1,4 glycosidic bonds, mainly derived from fruits and vegetables, cereals, soybean products, and agricultural by-products. Dietary fiber can be used as a fermentation substrate for intestinal probiotics to help the balanced growth of the microbiota and exert health effects. However, the ordered conformational structure makes dietary fiber have common problems such as low solubility, poor interface stability, and rough taste, which are not conducive to the creation of its derivative foods. Therefore, molecular modification technology has become an important method to regulate the structure and physicochemical properties of dietary fiber. Compared with a single technology, the synergistic treatment of multiple technologies has more advantages in improving the modification efficiency and functional applicability of dietary fiber. Based on this, this paper focuses on the synergistic modification methods and functional applications of dietary fiber, aiming to provide the theoretical basis and technical support for the high-value processing of dietary fiber-rich plants and their by-products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a polygenic disease caused by the interaction of genes and environment, with persistent airflow limitation as the main clinical feature. There is a lack of reliable methods for early diagnosis of COPD, which prevents timely and effective intervention in patients with early COPD and fails to stop the progression of the disease, resulting in its high morbidity, prevalence and mortality and causing a serious disease burden. With the launch of the Human Cell Atlas Project and the development of sequencing technology, the application prospect of single cell sequencing (SCS) is widely looked forward to, which is a new technology for sequencing and analyzing genome, transcriptome and proteome at the level of single cell, enough to reveal the gene structure and expression of single cell, discover the heterogeneity between cells and rare cells, etc. It provides a new research technique for the in-depth study of the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, the discovery of early diagnosis methods and new treatment methods. In this paper, we review the progress of single-cell sequencing technology and its application in the study of COPD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Pharmaceutical Practice & Service is the property of Journal of Pharmaceutical Practice Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Food & Fermentation Industries is the property of Food & Fermentation Industries and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of China Condiment is the property of China Condiment and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Liquid Crystal & Displays is the property of Chinese Journal of Liquid Crystal & Displays and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica is the property of Acta Materiea Compositae Sinica Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica is the property of Acta Materiea Compositae Sinica Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Plant volatiles, transmit information between taxa and thereby play an important role in evolution and community composition. Deciphering the main chemical components of plant volatiles and their ecological functions can not only reveal the co-evolution of organisms, but also identify potentially effective, environmentally-friendly, compounds for sustainable pest management. This paper summarizes the latest progress in research on rice volatiles, mainly focusing on their components and biosynthesis pathways, the regulatory mechanism underlying the biosynthesis of herbivore-induced volatiles, their ecological function and prospects for their application in pest control. Directions for research future are suggested to promote the application of rice volatiles in pest control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Natural Gas & Oil is the property of Editorial Department of Natural Gas & Oil and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Sea cucumber has high nutritional and medicinal value, is characterized by a marine echinoderm with high protein and low lipid. In recent years, a growing number of sea cucumber peptides with bioactive functions have been discovered, including antioxidant, anti-aging, learning and memory improvement, anti-fatigue, anti-hypertensive, antimicrobial, antitumor, immune-regulating, hypoglycemic, as well as anti-inflammatory activities, and regulate the physiological function through multiple ways. This paper aimed to review biological functions of sea cucumber peptides and their potential regulatory mechanisms. Furthermore, main application fields and research directions are presented, which will provide a theoretical basis for the development and utilization of sea cucumber peptides in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the rapid development of aquatic industry in our country, there is a serious shortage of fishmeal protein resources, and the development of new non-food protein feeds has become an important way to solve the shortage of protein resources. Single-cell protein produced by methane oxidizing bacteria has become a good substitute for animal and vegetable protein in aquaculture because of its high protein, low fat, high unsaturated fatty acid content and rich variety of essential amino acids. This paper revieweds the current status of research on the production of single cell protein by methanogenic oxidizing bacteria, its nutritional properties, and its effects on growth performance, feed conversion rate, and intestinal health of aquatic animals, etc. Finally, it provides an outlook on the future application of methane oxidizing bacteria produced unicellular protein and provides a reference for the development and utilization of single cell protein produced by methane oxidizing bacteria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Advances in New & Renewable Energy is the property of Editorial Office of Advances in New & Renewable Energy and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Food Research & Development is the property of Food Research & Development Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Transactions of China Pulp & Paper is the property of China Pulp & Paper Magazines Publisher and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica is the property of Acta Materiea Compositae Sinica Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Chinese Institute of Food Science & Technology is the property of Journal of Chinese Institute of Food Science & Technology Periodical Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Coatings & Protection / Tuceng yu Fanghu is the property of Coating & Protection Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Food Science & Technology & Economy is the property of Grain Science & Technology & Economy Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

4D printing technology is a variable characteristics rapid prototyping technology, which is mainly based on 3D printing. It additively manufactures the desired object with intelligent materials. The molding firmware can be stimulated by the external environment, in terms of its shape, structure or function of the time dimension changes. Since the technology was proposed, it has attracted the attention of a large number of scholars. With the continuous deepening of research on 4D printing technology, this technology plays a significant advantage in the interdisciplinary integration. This paper first reviews the research status of shape memory intelligent materials in 4D printing, and then elaborates the application research of 4D printing technology based on shape memory intelligent materials in the fields of medical, bionic, military and life product manufacturing. Finally it looks forward to the potential applications and challenges of 4D printing shape memory intelligent materials in the future development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Shipin Kexue/ Food Science is the property of Food Science Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Storage & Process is the property of Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In order to support the development and construction of wind farms, this paper analyzed and studied an important paramete-the wind shear exponent. Due to the influence of ground roughness, the wind shear exponents of different areas are different; in addition, because of the thermodynamic factor, the wind shear exponents are different even in the same area at different times. Therefore, to obtain an accurate value of the wind shear exponent in a certain area at a certain time, only the local wind-speed data can be used to calculate it. However, because of the complexity of the measured data, there are many methods to calculate the wind shear exponent, and the values calculated by different methods are different. So, in this paper, the methods of calculating wind shear exponent were studied. Firstly, there were five methods to calculate the wind shear exponent using different data sets, including 1) all of the data, 2) the data without wind speeds less than 3 m/s, 3) the data with the annual average wind speed, 4) the data with wind speeds between (15±0.5) m/s, 5) the wind profile. Among them, methods 1, 2, and 4 calculated wind shear exponent through the least-squares fitting. Method 3 used the annual average wind speed and the exponential formula to calculate wind shear exponent. Method 5 used wind profile fitting to calculate the wind shear exponent. The wind profile reflects the overall level of the wind conditions. Then, with the example of actual wind speed data, and within a complete year on three wind measurement heights at a mast of Wulanchabu in Inner Mongolia, five different wind shear exponents of this area were calculated by the above methods. Finally, according to the calculated wind shear exponents and the power-law formula, the wind speeds of the known height were calculated, and then by comparing the calculated value and actual value, the methods that produce smaller errors were chosen, and at last the more accurate wind shear exponent was obtained. The results showed that due to the impact of ground roughness and the topography, not only wind shear exponents were different in different areas, but they were also different when calculating by different methods even in the same area at the same time. The result of the method which used the data without wind speeds less than 3 m/s (method 2) for the least-squares fitting was more accurate than the result of the method which uses all of the data (method 1) for the least-squares fitting. The result calculated by the annual average wind speed (method 3) was close to the result calculated by using all of the data for the least-squares fitting. In the mountainous area, if it gets a negative wind shear exponent when calculated by the data with wind speeds between (15±0.5) m/s (method 4), the result will not be stable or reliable. Overall, the method of using the data without wind speeds less than 3 m/s calculated by the least-squares fitting and the method using wind profile fitting are more accurate than the other methods. Therefore, combining with the actual situation of wind farm, using these methods comprehensively to choose the smallest error wind shear exponent will provide the evaluation work with a more accurate foundation and ultimately achieve the goal of better utilization of wind resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Electronic Components & Materials is the property of Electronic Components & Materials and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Among all uncertainty factors affecting the wind power assessment at a site, wind speed extrapolation is probably one of the most critical, particularly if considering the increasing of the size of modern multi-Megawatt wind turbines, and therefore of their hub height. Wind measurements are generally performed below wind turbine hub heights due to avoiding higher measurement and tower costs. In order to obtain the wind speed at the hub height of the turbine, the measurements are extrapolated, assuming that the wind shear exponent is constant. So it is important to calculate the wind shear exponent accurately. The wind shear exponents of different areas are different because of the influence of roughness. What's more, the wind shear exponent may change in the same area at different time. Therefore, to obtain an accurate value of the wind shear exponent in a certain area at a certain time, only the local wind speed data can be used to calculate it. Here, the situation is set as some complex terrain above 1000 meters. There are many different methods to calculate the wind shear exponent, and in this paper, four different methods are chosen, which are: the Panofsky and Dutton (PD) method, annual average wind speed method, wind profile method and all of the data method. The PD method is based on Monin-Obukhov similarity theory, and Panofsky and Dutton proposed the semiempirical formulation to estimate the wind shear exponent as a function of stability and roughness. First of all, according to the classification method of Pasquill, the stability can be calculated. Then, choose the right formulation based on the value of stability to calculate the wind shear exponent. Method 2 and 4 use the wind speed and the exponential formula to calculate wind shear exponent. Method 3 uses wind profile fitting to calculate the wind shear exponent. Choose the example of actual wind speed data within a complete year on three wind measurement heights at an anemometer tower of some complex terrain above 1000 meters in Hunan Province. Four different results of the wind shear exponent can be calculated. Thus, the wind speed at the known height can be extrapolated through the power law, then by comparing the extrapolated value and actual value, the methods which produce smaller errors can be chosen. The results show that due to the impact of ground roughness and the topography, wind shear exponents are different not only in different areas, but also when calculated by different methods even in the same area at the same time. And the results calculated by the PD method and the annual average wind speed method are more accurate than the all of the data method and wind profile method. The PD method is more accurate than the annual average wind speed method, and the results are very close. The result calculated by using all of the data is better than using the wind profile, while the wind profile method is the most accurate in flat topography. Therefore, these methods should be comprehensively used to choose the most accurate wind shear exponent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology. Social Sciences Edition / Haerbin Gongye Daxue Xuebao. Shehui Kexue Ban is the property of Harbin Institute of Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Henan University of Technology Natural Science Edition is the property of Henan University of Technology Journal Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Henan University of Technology Natural Science Edition is the property of Henan University of Technology Journal Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Bamboo and wood products for food contact are widely used in our family and working life, such as disposable chopsticks and chopping boards. Due to the special texture of bamboo and wood, some fungicides could be used to ensure their effects of application and to extend the storage period. There is a growing concern of whether residual fungicides in treated bamboo and wood products will migrate into foods to be harmful to human body. Furthermore, the methods of detecting residual fungicides are also focused as research hotspots. Based on the domestic and foreign research progress of fungicides in bamboo and wood products, this paper reviews the classification, application, limit standards and detection methods of fungicides in bamboo and wood products, and summarizes the migration rules of fungicide in systems of food simulation, which provid references for the analysis of fungicides. Finally, the problems of existing detection and migration study about fungicides in bamboo and wood products for food contact are summarized, and the research prospects are discussed.

Sensory analysis methods are widely used in the food industry. Due to the limitations of traditional sensory analysis methods such as long training time and high investment, various rapid analysis methods have been developed, one of which is the sorting method. Sorting method requires assessors to categorize products according to the similarity of their sensory characteristics and use multivariate statistical analysis methods to quickly obtain the sensory distribution of products. This paper mainly introduces the experimental design, data analysis, development, application in food research, and advantages and limitations of Sorting. The development trend of sorting is also prospected, aiming to provide a reference for further research and application of the method in the food industry.

Copyright of China Textile Leader is the property of China Textile Information Center and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of China Textile Leader is the property of China Textile Information Center and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica is the property of Acta Materiea Compositae Sinica Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)