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Copyright of China Pulp & Paper is the property of China Pulp & Paper Magazines Publisher and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In order to realize low-carbon transformation in the energy industry and achieve the "double carbon" goal as scheduled, renewable energy represented by biomass has become increasingly attractive. Biomass gasification is a thermochemical treatment technology, which has seen rapid development in recent years. It is currently the most effective method for high-grade and efficient utilization of biomass energy. In this paper, the key units involved in the entrained flow gasification process, such as pulverization, transportation, and gasification were analyzed, and the feasibility of applying airflow bed technology to biomass gasification was demonstrated. Six typical agricultural and forestry biomasses were used as raw materials. Biomass entrained flow gasification simulation was carried out with the help of the Aspen Plus chemical process simulation software, and the coal and biomass co-gasification and biomass separate gasification processes were characterized. The carbon reduction effect of biomass gasification was analyzed. The results show that when a certain amount of biomass is added into coal, a good gasification performance is retained. With the increase of biomass blending ratio, the specific coal consumption gradually decreases, and the carbon reduction effect is apparent. Compared with traditional fixed bed and fluidized bed gasification, biomass entrained flow gasification has an advantageous calorific value of synthetic gas about 10 MJ/m³. It can be used as a surrogate for natural gas heating, which has economic value in achieving carbon reduction. This study is in line with the dual-carbon policy and also provides a reference for the efficient conversion and utilization of biomass. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

(1) Background-After the implementation of the policy of completely banning the logging of natural forests, the key state-owned forest areas in Heilongjiang Province are faced with the dilemma of lack of pillar industries and slow economic growth.The development of biomass energy industry helps to accelerate the transformation and upgrading of the industrial structure in the forest areas, promote the coordinated development of"ecology-economy-society",and implement the policy of" dual carbon" goal. (2) Methods-Based on the analysis paradigm of DPSIR theoretical model,this paper analyzed the evolution mechanism of the development of biomass energy industry from the perspective of" cause-effect",and put forward the research hypotheses. The research data were panel data of the key state-owned forest areas in Hei-longjiang Province from 2005 to 2017,which were mainly collected from" Compilation of Comprehensive Statistical Data of Heilongjiang Forest Industry","China Forestry Statistical Yearbook","Heilongjiang Statistical Yearbook",statistical data of China Longjiang Forest Industry Group, " Heilongjiang Ecological and Environmental Status Bulletin",and statistical bulletins on national economic and social development of 10 cities.Then,the paper used PLS-SEM to verify the hypotheses and clarified the effect paths of the development of biomass energy industry. On this basis,it constructed a comprehensive evaluation index system for the development of biomass energy industry, and identified the main obstacle factors affecting the development of biomass energy industry by using the obstacle degree model. (3)Results-First,the biomass energy industry system of the key state-owned forest areas in Heilongjiang Province was interconnected and interlinked, and the development of biomass energy industry and economic and social development of the forest areas promoted each other,forming three effect paths of "driving force--^pressure --Estate-->impact","response--^driving force" and "response--impact".Second,from 2005 to 2017,the obstacle factors of the development of biomass energy industry in the key state-owned forest areas in Heilongjiang Province changed in stages.The obstacle factors were mainly from the state dimension from 2005 to 2011,and the impact dimension from 2011 to 2017.Third,from 2005 to 2017,the main obstacle factors for the development of biomass energy industry in the key state-owned forest areas in Heilongjiang Province were unevenly distributed in the criterion layer,and the low technical level restricted the development of biomass energy industry.Fourth,from 2005 to 2017,the main obstacles for the development of biomass energy industry in the key state-owned forest areas in Heilongjiang Province had a concentrated trend.In 2005,the total obstacle degree of the top five obstacle factors was 22. 25 percent,and it increased to 47. 05 percent in 2017. (4)Conclusions and Discussions-The biomass energy industry in the key state-owned forest areas in Heilongjiang Province has made certain progress, but the development is still restricted and has not yet formed large-scale development.In the future, we should focus on the following two aspects: On one hand, technological innovation is the internal motivation and core path of the development of biomass energy industry. On the other hand,policy support is a key influencing factor for the development of biomass energy industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Advances in New & Renewable Energy is the property of Editorial Office of Advances in New & Renewable Energy and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering is the property of Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of China Forest Products Industry is the property of China Forest Products Industry Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Clean Coal Technology is the property of Clean Coal Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Beijing University of Technology is the property of Journal of Beijing University of Technology, Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences is the property of Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Heat is the largest energy end-use in the world, accounting for about 50% of global final energy consumption. In 2019, the International Energy Agency pointed out that the development of renewable energy heating has become a key way for the global response to climate change, environmental pollution control, energy transformation and sustainable development. Biomass energy as a priority for the development of renewable heat sources has been valued by countries around the world. Developed earlier in the EU countries, their biomass heating technology is more mature, and their policy system is more comprehensive. Accounting for 86% of the total renewable thermal energy consumption, biothermal energy in these countries has achieved significant effect and become an important driving force for the decarbonization of the heating industry. This practice has a very high demonstration effect globally. This paper constructs a comprehensive zoning theoretical framework of biomass energy heating and utilization in the EU countries. Based on the calculation of the supply and demand potential of biomass energy heating system, the FCM method is used to quantify the status of biomass resource utilization in 28 EU countries. The results show that there are significant differences in the utilization of biomass energy heating in the EU countries, which can be divided into five categories of comprehensive zones, which are the key development category (Finland, Sweden, Denmark, Estonia, Lithuania and Latvia), resource priority category (Austria, Croatia, Bulgaria, Romania, and Slovenia), policy-oriented category (Germany, Italy, Portugal, and Cyprus), good-potential category (Czech Republic, Hungary, Greece, Spain, Poland, France, and Slovakia) and under-developed category (UK, Netherlands, Belgium, Ireland, Luxembourg and Malta). At the same time, this paper discusses the characteristics and causes of biomass heating utilization of different types of EU countries, and summarizes the mature heating systems and rich experience in the EU countries with China's current heating situation and its future challenges concerning renewable energy development. Finally, this study provides some implications for China's clean heating development, energy efficient use, energy supply security and energy structure upgrade. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Advances in New & Renewable Energy is the property of Editorial Office of Advances in New & Renewable Energy and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Natural Resources / Ziran Ziyuan Xuebao is the property of Journal of Natural Resources and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering is the property of Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering is the property of Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Clean Coal Technology is the property of Clean Coal Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Agricultural Science & Technology (1008-0864) is the property of Journal of Agricultural Science & Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper considered an electricity supply market composed by the renewable energy enterprise and the traditional fossil fuel power generation enterprise; analysed the impact of the renewable energy price subsidies policy, renewable energy technology investment subsidies policy and the non-renewable energy carbon price policy; established the two power generation enterprises' decision-making model with the target of maximize their profits, and gave expression in the form of the optimal solution. This paper, based on the biomass energy policy, revealed that: increasing investment in renewable energy technology research subsidy rate is the most effective way to stimulate enterprises to increase R&D investment; to optimize China's energy structure and increase the total generation of the social, carbon price can not be made too high, and we should focus on reducing the cost of renewable energy generation. Finally, this paper introduced the social welfare function composed of the consumer surplus, the total income of the power sector, subsidies or tax revenue transfers, and built a decision model based on maximizing the social welfare. Concluded that in order to maximize the social welfare, the government need to increase the R&D investment and the carbon price. This paper has a positive significance for the relevant departments to make effective renewable energy policy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Densified biomass fuel is easy to use, clean and environmentally friendly, has high combustion efficiency, and is easy to store and transport. Densified biomass fuel can directly replace coal. It can be used as cooking fuel for rural residents, as well as for urban heating and power generation. It is one of the main directions for the utilization of biomass energy. Densified biomass fuel technology in Europe and the United States is at the forefront, the standard system is relatively complete, the product quality and certification system are mature, and a commercial market operation mode has been formed. The construction of China's densified biomass fuels standard system has achieved some initial results and 11 national standards and 38 industry standards have been formulated. However, compared with developed countries in Europe and the United States, the progress of standard setting is relatively slow, and there is still a certain gap between the systematicness and comprehensiveness of standards, which restricts the development of the industry to a certain extent. This article analyzes the current status of the domestic and international densified biomass fuels standard system and quality certification system, and improves the fuel storage and transportation links (such as: Fuel quality assurance, safe handling and storage, self-heating, bridging behavior of the bulk biofuels, etc.) and application links (such as: Combustion pollutant emissions) and other related standards. Compared with the ISO international standard, the paper analyzes the influencing factors of the quality of wood and non-wood densified biomass fuels and the quality classification requirements of various indicators, and proposes that the quality standards of densified biomass fuels in China need to be improved: It is recommended to be in line with international trade and improve the level of wood pellet fuel and secondary quality requirements; combined with the rich national conditions of domestic agricultural biomass resources, facing the domestic market, on the basis of meeting environmental protection and use requirements, supplement heavy metal elements (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, Hg, Ni, Zn) and the ash melting point and other indicators are required to further revise and improve the existing caloric requirements of biomass forming fuels such as low calorific value, S, Cl, etc; to supplement the formulation of some index test method standards, such as fines, heavy extraneous materials larger than 3.15 mm, grind ability (thermally treated biomass fuels), the water soluble chloride, sodium, potassium, As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Hg, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sb, V, Zn. At the same time, compared with domestic coal quality standards, densified biomass fuels is an environmentally friendly fuel with low ash content, extremely low sulfur content, and extremely low levels of heavy metals such as arsenic and mercury. It is a good solid fuel to replace bulk coal. Finally, it is proposed to establish a national standard committee for biomass formed fuels. Urgently, it is necessary to formulate national standards for quality classification and pollutant emissions, and it is necessary to distinguish the fuel quality requirements of commercial, civil and industrial applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Central China Normal University is the property of Huazhong Normal University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Agricultural Science & Technology (1008-0864) is the property of Journal of Agricultural Science & Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Hebei University of Science & Technology is the property of Hebei University of Science & Technology, Journal of Hebei University of Science & Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In order to make full use of the biomass resources such as straw and wood in rural areas, the hourglass furnace structure and urea spray denitrification system were designed to solve the problem of high nitrogen oxide emission in rural household biomass boilers, and the combustion experiments were carried out by building a boiler test bench. In this paper, three kinds of biomass briquette fuel were selected for experimental research. By measuring the emission concentration of nitrogen oxides, the oxygen content of flue gas, and burning temperature in the furnace, combined with the formation mechanism of nitrogen oxides, the influence of the position of spraying urea solution, the mass concentration of spraying urea solution, and the influence of biomass fuel types on the emission concentration of nitrogen oxides was analyzed in details. The results show that the nitrogen oxides of biomass fuel are mainly produced in the secondary combustion area of the boiler, so spraying urea solution in the secondary combustion area can remove more nitrogen oxides generated by combustion. With the increase of the mass fraction of urea solution, the nitrogen oxide emission concentration showed a trend of decrease at first and then increase. When the mass fraction of urea solution was 9.96%, the nitrogen oxide emission concentration of boiler was the lowest. When different biomass fuels burned, the yield of nitrogen oxides changed with the change of the content of N element in the fuel itself, but the value of flue gas oxygen content should also be taken into account when calculating the reference oxygen content conversion concentration.

The Yellow River Delta has abundant reserve of land resources. Combining the marginal land development with biomass energy development is conducive to the rational utilization of land resources and the efficient and sustainable supply of biomass feedstock in this area. On the basis of depth analysis of soil and water resources and rural biomass energy utilization status in the Yellow River Delta, combining the domestic and international present situation on biological energy research and the latest progress, this paper discussed the necessity and feasibility of large-scale cultivation of energy plants like sweet sorghum, Jerusalem artichoke. ricinus communis and switchgrass in the saline alkali land, and proposed several key suggestions to promote the biomass energy development and marginal land utilization from the technical, policy, market, etc., which study has guiding significance for the scientific development of land and water resources in the Yellow River Delta. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Energy shortage and environment crisis are faced all around the world because of over exploitation and use of fossil fuels. All countries have paid attentions to exploit clean and renewable energy, which is strategically important for China's economic structure transition. With the development of biomass energy industry, energy shortage is hoped to be relieved, meanwhile, environmental protection and greenhouse gas reduction could also be improved due to the bidirectional cleaning effect of biomass energy. This paper deeply analyzed the strategic significance and opportunities/challenges of biomass energy industry in China, and countermeasures and policy suggestions for the development of biomass energy industry and proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering is the property of Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In order to study the effect of the different ratios on the anaerobic fermentation rate is investigated, and the rate-limiting factors are preliminarily determined, at mesophilic (38±1)℃ condition, with anaerobic granular sludge as inoculums, different ratios of cow manure and corn straw are used as substrate for mixed anaerobic fermentation. By measuring daily biogas production, the concentrations of CH4 and CO2 in the marsh gas, TC, the concentration of VFAs and pH value, The results show that under the mixture ratio of 2∶1, the hydrolysis rate constants, cumulative biogas yield and biodegradability CH4 reach their high limits, which are 0.043 7 d-1, 271.93 mL/g and 71.59%, respectively. Moreover, it is found that the concentration of acetic acid is proportional to the amount of cow manure at the beginning (the first day) of mixed fermentation, and the concentration of propionicacid is proportional to the amount of corn straw in medium fermentation stage (the fifth day). In addition, rate-limiting step of biogas production is related to the ratio of cow manure and corn in fermentation material. With the increasing of corn straw proportion, on the 1st day, it tends to hydrolysis acidogenesis; from the 2th day to 15th day, it tends to hydrogen-production acetogenisis; and from the 16th day to 30th day, it is hydrolysis acidogenesis. The paper focuses on the relationship between the ratio of cow manure and corn straw and the rate-limiting step for biogas production, which could provide a theoretical and experimental support for improving the efficiency of biogas production in mixed fermentation.