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[Objective] The present paper aimed to analyze the effects of different chemicals (fertilizers) on the prevention and control of ratoon chlorosis as well as the influence of growth and yield in sugarcane to provide a reference for the high-efficient and low-cost control of ratoon chlorosis in sugarcane. [Method] Using a randomized block design, setting up 6 chemical treatments(fertilizers) in a first ratoon field in 2020, treatment A was spraying iron fertilizer on the leaf surface at 3-leaf stage seedlings, treatment B was 10. 0 kg/667 m² ferrous sulfate applied to the soil before emergence, treatment C was 20. 0 kg/667 m² of hydrated lime applied to the soil before emergence, treatment D was 500. 0 g/667 m² (diluted 3000 times) of soil irrigating and repairing bacteria in the root zone before emergence, treatment E was 1. 0 t/667 m² of biochar applied in the soil before emergence, treatment F was 1. 0 t/667 m² coal ash from the sugar mill before emergence, and no treatment was using as a control (CK). Seventy days after treatments, the incidence of chlorosis in the current year and the consequent ratoon year were counted, and agronomic characteristics such as plant height, tiller rate, number of leaves, and yield components such as millable stalks and stalk diameter were compared with the control, and were used in evaluation the control effects. [Result] The tested chemicals (fertilizers) had extremely significant (P < 0. 01, the same as below) control effects on sugarcane ratoon chlorosis, the range of control effect was 5. 57% to 71. 33% in year 2020, and 1. 96% to 73. 67% in year 2021. In 2020, treatment A (foliar spraying iron fertilizer) had the best control effect, with the 71. 3 3 % control effect, next was the treatment F (sugar factory coal ash) with 30. 01 % control effect. Treatment B and D had poor effect, and the difference was not significant (P > 0. 05), but both were significantly worse than other soil modulators (fertilizer) treatments. In 2021, the control effect of each soil modulator (fertilizer) treatment was extremely significantly different, and significantly (P < 0. 05, the same as below) or extremely significantly better than in 2020, especially the best treatment effect was F, reaching 90. 06%, followed by treatment E, and the control effect was 73. 67 %. All treatments can significantly promote plant growth, increase tillers, and leaves, in addition to extremely significantly improve the yield traits. Among them, treatment F performed the best effect. The cost of each treatment was in the range of 70 - 2100 yuan/667 m², and costs from high to low was E >A > F > C > D > B. [Conclusion] Foliar spraying with Fe2+ foliar fertilizer has a significant re-greening effect on sugarcane seedlings that have ratoon chlorosis, can quickly recover the yield loss caused by ratoon chlorosis, but the control time is short, and it is difficult to fundamentally prevent ratoon chlorosis of sugarcane. Considering the control effects, as well as cost and the influence of sugarcane growth, the applying coal ash 1. 0 t/667 m² is the best way to prevent and cure sugarcane ratoon chlorosis and sugarcane early growth and yield. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]