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Dampness is one of the important external pathogens in Chinese medicine, and with the changes in peoples living habits, dampness syndrome is becoming more and more common. Due to the different characteristics and functions of different parts of the body, the pathogenesis of dampness is not the same when it attacks, so it is helpful to examine it before clinical treatment. Dampness forms through inner unbalance or invades through external environment. This paper discusses the clinical manifestations of dampness in various parts of the body and highlights the similarities and differences in the pathogenic mechanisms of dampness, taking into account the pathogenic characteristics of dampness as a clue for the external dampness invasion pathway from the surface to the inside. In addition, this paper also explains the disease mechanism of dampness syndrome in the context of western medical research, so as to provide research evidence for the integration of Chinese and western medicine and to improve medical treatment in clinical practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the effect and mechanism of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) on kidney injury induced by urinary-derived sepsis. Methods Rabbits were randomly divided into Control group, Sham group, Sepsis group, NaHS 2.8 µmol/kg group and NaHS 8.4 µmol/kg group. Upper urinary tract obstruction and acute infection was induced to establish Sepsis model. At 24 h before surgery, and 24 h, 48 h, 72 h after surgery, blood was taken to examine white blood cell count (WBC), creatinine (Cr) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN). At 72 h after surgery, morphological changes were observed by HE staining and transmission electron microscopy. Immunohistochemical staining was used to detect TNF-α, IL-10 and NF-κB expression. Blood H2S concentration was measured by deproteinization and Cystathionine-γ-lyase (CSE) activity using spectrophotometric methylene blue method. Results At 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h after surgery, Levels of WBC, Cr and BUN were all elevated in Sepsis group compared with the other four groups. Levels of WBC and BUN in NaHS 8.4 µmol/kg group were lower than those in NaHS 2.8 µmol/kg group. At 24 h, 48 h after surgery, there is no significant difference between levels of Cr in NaHS 8.4 µmol/kg group and that in NaHS 2.8 µmol/kg group, but Cr level in NaHS 8.4 µmol/kg group was marked lower than that in NaHS 2.8 µmol/kg group 72 hour after surgery. Pathological features of kidney injury were also alleviated by intravenous administration of NaHS. TNF-α, NF-κB expressions in NaHS 2.8 µmol/kg group and NaHS 8.4 µmol/kg group were lower than those in Sepsis group, IL - 10 expression was higher than that in Sepsis group. TNF-α, NF-κB expressions in NaHS 8.4 µmol/kg group were lower than that in NaHS 2.8 µmol/kg group, whereas IL - 10 expression in NaHS 8.4 µmol/kg group was higher than that in NaHS 2.8 µmol/kg group. Compared with Control group and Sham group, H2S content and CSE expression in kidney were decreased in Sepsis group. After intravenous administration of NaHS, H2S content increased, but the CSE activity has no obvious change. Conclusion Exogenous H2S reduced kidney injury induced by urinary-derived sepsis through inhibiting NF-κB, decreasing TNF-α and increasing IL-10. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective This study was aimed to investigate CyPA concentration levels in the peripheral blood in normal persons and patients with chronic renal failure (CRF), in order to determine whether CyPA is associated with CRF and its possible mechanism. Methods 50 CRF patients and 50 normal persons were selected. The level of CyPA in the peripheral blood. AngII, TNF, IL-6, IL-1, and monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP-1) of the normal persons were measured by ELISA. And these indicators of patients with CRF were also measured before and after treatment with irbesartan. The differences between the two groups were compared, the correlation between CyPA and CRF, and the relevance of CyPA with AngII, TNF, IL-6, IL-1 and MCP-1 were analyzed. Results (1) The levels of CyPA in peripheral blood of CRF group were higher than those in control group, whether before or after treatment. There were significant differences in the levels of CyPA, AngII, TNF, IL-6,IL-1 and MCP-1 between the CRF group and the control group (< 0.01). The results of Spearman analysis showed that there were correlations between CyPA and the levels of AngII, TNFα, IL-, IL-1α and MCP-1 in the control group and the CRF group before and after treatment with irbesartan. Conclusion CyPA might played the synergistic effect with AngII and increased the levels of inflammatory cytokines, which revealed that CyPA may act as an inflammatory cell medium, promote inflammatory reaction in CRF patients, increase glomerular, renal tubularand and interstitial injury. CyPA may be a new marker of inflammation in CRF. Inflammation is one of the important causes which speed up the development of CRF. The selective inhibiting or blocking CyPA receptors may provide a new treatment of CR. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This purpose of this reuiew is to understand status of chemical constituets and pharmacological effects of medicinal plant of Arundina graminifolia bt investigating literature about the chemical and pharmacological studies on Arundina . 41 compounds were isolated and characterized including phenolic compounds, such as phenanthrenes and bibenzyls. Some phenolic compounds show antioxidant and cytotoxic activities. Studies on this medicinal plant would have important significance for finding new bioactive compounds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy of multiple low -dose pingyangmycin (PYM) intervention for infantile hemangiomas of the parotid region at early stage. METHODS: A total of 78 cases with early proliferating hemangioma in the parotid region were underwent therapy of intralesional injection with low-dosage and low-concentration PYM plus dexamethasone from 2001 to 2011. Digital photographs and MRI were obtained to measure the area of lesions before and after treatment. All patients were followed up for 0.5-10 years. They were divided into 4 groups according to baseline age. Comparative analysis of dosage, time and satisfaction of the parents were performed. SPSS 13.0 software package was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: Most hemangiomas reduced its size after treatment, and had fibrosis in MRI. Cure was obtained in 67 (85.9%) patients, while marked improvement occurred in 11(14.1%) patients. The total effective rate was 100%. Only 15 cases had complications such as poor appetite, fever and skin rash. Patients below 3 months of age had shorter treatment duration (4.73 ±0.11 months), less total dosage (2.82 ±0.12 mL) and higher parental satisfaction (P<0.05) than the other age groups. CONCLUSION: Low-dose pingyangmycin intervention for hemangiomas of the parotid region at early proliferating stage was a reliable and effective therapeutic choice. It takes a shorter duration,lower dose for treatment and higher parental satisfaction at earlier time. Supported by Science and Technology Project of Guangdong Province (2003C3012,2008B030301279), and Project of Science and Technology Bureau of Shenzhen City(200802015). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To analysis comparatively the changes of PTH, 25OHD2, and 25OHD3 before and after electromagnetic pulse treatment in postmenopausal osteoporosis (POP), and to evaluate the clinical value of pulsed electromagnetic field therapy. Methods One hundred postmenopausal osteoporotic patients in our hospital were selected as observation group, and 80 healthy people coming for physical examination at the same period were selected as control group. Serum PTH, 25OHD2, 25OHD3, and bone mineral density (BMD) of people in 2 groups were detected. Each index in 2 groups before the treatment was analyzed. The correlation between PTH, 25OHD2 +25OHD3, and BMD was analyzed. At the same time, the changes of each index before and after the treatment in patients were observed. Results The serum PTH in patients of observation group before treatment was higher than that of control group (P < 0.05), but the average serum levels of 25OHD2 and 25OHD3 were lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05). PTH in the observation group was negatively correlated with BMD (r = - 0.57, P < 0.05), but 25OHD2 + 25OHD3 was positively correlated with BMD (r = 0. 68, P < 0.05). PTH in the observation group decreased after the treatment compared to that before treatment (P < 0.05), but the serum 25OHD2, 25OHD3, and BMD increased (P < 0.05). Conclusion Pulsed electromagnetic field therapy can effectively improve bone density of patients with POP through the regulation of bone metabolism and biochemical markers, resulting in the clinical outcome of POP treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To detect serum levels of thyroid hormones in patients with thyroid nodules (TN), and investigate their relationship with the nature of TN. Methods A total of 245 patients with TN were recruited in the study. According to levels of thyroid antibodies and postoperative pathological results, all patients were divided into nodular goiter (NG) group, thyroid adenoma (TA) group and thyroid cancer (TC) group. TC group was further classified as the TC with increased level of thyroid antibodies (TC-AB+ group) and the TC with normal level of thyroid antibodies (TC-AB- group). The serum levels of free T3 (FT3), free T4 (FT4) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) were detected for all patients before operation, and differences of thyroid hormones were analyzed between different groups. Results The serum level of TSH was significantly higher in TC group than that of NG group and TA group (P < 0.05). The serum level of FT3 was significantly lower in TC-AB+ group than that of NG group and TC-AB- group. The serum level of FT4 was significantly lower in TC-AB+ group than that of NG group, and the serum TSH level was significantly higher than that of other groups (P < 0.05). Conclusion The increased serum levels of TSH were found in some patients with TC, which may partly attribute to their coexistence with autoimmune thyroiditis and subsequent hypothyroidism. The increased serum TSH level may not be the inherent characteristics of TC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

PURPOSE: To evaluate the clinical effects of vertical ramus osteotomy for treatment of condylar osteochondroma. METHODS: Nine patients with osteochondroma of the mandibular condyle from 2004 to 2009, treated by condylar resection and application of pedicled bone grafts gained by vertical ramus osteotomy to reconstruct the condyle, were observed and evaluated. Imaging examinations, occlusion and the function of temporomandibular joint were assessed after surgery. RESULTS: After following up for at least 8 months, good occlusion, symmetrical face, and satisfactory function of temporomandibular joint were regained. Imaging examinations showed that the upper ends of posterior ramus were in the glenoid fossa, and with time going on, it became a smooth and flat ball gradually. CONCLUSION: The posterior margin of ramus with a blood supply obtained by vertical ramus osteotomy is a relatively ideal method to reconstruct the mandibular condyle to be resected because of osteochondroma. Supported by Key Clinical Project of the Ministry of Health (2007-353). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]