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(1) Background--The key and difficult point for all Chinese people to achieve common prosperity lies in some remote mountainous areas and forest areas, because these areas are highly overlapping areas of " old areas, ethnic minorities areas, border areas and poor areas" and they are the most unbalanced and inadequate areas of China's development. However, these areas are rich in forest resources. Forests are "reservoirs" "grain depots" "money banks" and "carbon pools". The realization quality of forests as "four repositories" is closely related to the realization degree of common prosperity. Giving full play to the role of forests as "four repositories" can not only promote the modernization of remote mountainous areas and forest areas, shorten the gap between urban and rural areas, but also an important cornerstone for promoting common prosperity. (2) Methods--This paper firstly analyzed the theoretical logic and historical logic of forests as "four repositories" promoting common prosperity by using historical analysis and case analysis, then discussed the practical logic of forests as "four repositories" promoting common prosperity by using case analysis, and finally put forward the realistic paths of forests as "four repositories" promoting common prosperity. (3) Results Forest is a "money bank", which contains its natural attributes, reflecting that forest re sources can be transformed into economic benefits, and it is consistent with the " two mountains" concept of "clear waters and green mountains are as valuable as mountains of gold and silver". Forest is a "reservoir", which contains its spiritual attributes, reflects the balance of forest and water and the symbiotic relationship of forest and water. Forest is a "carbon pool", which contains its social attributes, it is conducive to the moral awakening of social ecological protection, and improving the distribution system based on the principles of fairness and justice. Forest is a "grain depot", which contains its historical attributes, it demonstrates the bottom line thinking of maintaining food security, holding well and holding firmly China's rice bowls, and is of great significance to enhancing the people's sense of gain, happiness and security on the grain issue. (4) Conclusions and Discussions--This paper puts forward the following paths to give full play to the role of forests as " four repositories" to promote common prosperity: First, strive to form a value realization mechanism of forest ecological products with the government as the lead and the market as the main body. We can learn from the advanced experiences such as Costa Rica's horizontal payment for forest ecological services, Finland's biodiversity protection and ecological compensation system based on the voluntary participation of forest farmers and the signed agreements through negotiations, and Zhejiang's " 10,000 yuan per acre mountain" model to enrich the people, so as to give full play to the role of forests as "money banks" to ensure the rich wealth of people in remote mountainous areas and forest areas. Second, give full play to the role of forests as "reservoirs", realize the spatio-temporal regulation of water resources, and promote the realization of forest functions such as purifying water quality, regulating climate and beautifying the environment. Third, vigorously seek food from forests, which will help ease the pressure on arable lands, ensure grain and oil security, and effectively promote the efficiency of forestry and increase the income of forest farmers. Fourth, give full play to the role of forests as "carbon pools" and enhance the capacity of forest carbon sequestration and sinks. It is conducive to giving full play to the role of " carbon sinks" forestry in climate changes in the context of the " double carbon" era, and better achieve the goal of improving the forest governance system and promoting the common prosperity of remote mountainous areas and forest areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The entry of forestry carbon sequestration products into the carbon trading mechanism is conducive to giving full play to the emission reduction function of the forestry ecosystem. Value accounting of forestry carbon sequestration products can endow forestry carbon sequestration with economic value. We review the evolution of emission reduction mechanisms of forestry carbon trading in China and abroad and take forest carbon sequestration products as the research object to analyze the correlation between forestry carbon sequestration products and forestry carbon sequestration projects. Based on the dual benefits of wood and carbon sequestration, this study uses the net present value method to summarize the applicability of three carbon accounting models for forestry carbon sequestration products. We further compare the models on the aspects of carbon price fluctuation response, tree species applicability, and management characteristics of forestry carbon sequestration projects. This study finds that: (1) Forestry carbon sequestration can realize the dual value of climate emission reduction and economic benefits through voluntary carbon emission reduction and mandatory carbon trading mechanisms. However, China's forestry carbon sequestration faces problems such as unclear product definition and mismatch in accounting methodology. (2) The value accounting of forestry carbon sequestration products should be based on the optimal rotation period and 'carbon amount' of forestry carbon sequestration projects. Three types of forestry carbon sequestration products, tCER, lCER, and CCER, are identified based on the time period. tCER and lCER can be used to solve the non-persistence of forestry projects. Through permanent credit and a stable pricing mechanism, CCER can improve the effectiveness of emission reduction of forestry carbon sequestration products. (3) The core value of forestry carbon sequestration products lies in their carbon storage capacity and carbon level. Its value accounting should take ' carbon amount' as the basic premise. Combined with the calculation standards of carbon storage, the carbon accounting models of forestry carbon sequestration products are classified into total carbon model, carbon increment model, and carbon average model. (4) In terms of carbon price fluctuation response, the carbon average model can mitigate the impact of carbon price fluctuation through the whole project. In terms of carbon sink tree species, the total carbon model is suitable for slow-growing tree species, the carbon increment model is suitable for fast-growing tree species, and the carbon average model is more suitable for adjusting tree species selection schemes according to ecological value. In terms of project management characteristics, the carbon increment model is suitable for a long-term management scheme, while the carbon average model can be combined with the historical baseline of the project, making it easier to formulate a reasonable carbon reserve level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Biomass estimation studies of subtropical forests in China are often based on small plots ranging from 400 to 900 m². However, what is the appropriate sample area remains unknown. In the present study, aboveground biomass(AGB)and its spatial distribution pattern of woody plants with diameter at breast height(DBH)≥1 cm in three subtropical secondary forests in Jiulong Mountain National Nature Reserve, Zhejiang Province, East China were analyzed, and the appropriate sample areas for the AGB survey of the three secondary forests were explored by moving window method. The results were as follows:(1)The AGB of woody plants in the three secondary forests were 63.75(Dayanqian site), 84.70(Batongling site)and 128.20(Piguku site)Mg·hm-2, respectively. AGB was concentrated in plants with large DBH but with a small individual number. The spatial variation degree of secondary forest AGB at the Piguku site was higher than those at the Dayanqian and Batongling sites.(2)The appropriate sample areas of the three secondary forests based on AGB data were 2 025(Dayanqian site), 2 500(Batongling site)and 3 600(Piguku site)m², respectively. The higher the forest AGB and its spatial variation degree were, the larger sample area was required. The present study provides evidence for sample area setting of AGB survey in subtropical forests, and provides basic data for regional forest biomass and carbon storage estimations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]