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Copyright of Journal of Agricultural Science & Technology (1008-0864) is the property of Journal of Agricultural Science & Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Irrigation & Drainage is the property of Journal of Irrigation & Drainage Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Forest Engineering is the property of Forest Engineering Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences is the property of Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Forest Engineering is the property of Forest Engineering Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Irrigation & Drainage is the property of Journal of Irrigation & Drainage Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering is the property of Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering is the property of Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Geology & Resources is the property of Geology & Resources Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Geology & Resources is the property of Geology & Resources Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Pearl River is the property of Pearl River Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

[Objective] The present paper aimed to analyze the diversity of bacterial communities in the rhizosphere soil of adzuki bean varieties with different resistance to soybean cyst nematode ( SCN) race 3 and explore the correlation between the composition of rhizosphere bacterial communities and variety resistance. [ Method] In July 2021, the 16S rDNA genome of bacteria in the rhizosphere soil of four different resistant adzuki bean varieties under the stress of SCN race 3 was sequenced by Illumina Miseq high-throughput sequencing technology from the rhizosphere soil of four different resistant adzuki bean varieties in Heihe city, Heilongjiang province, to analyze the changes of bacterial community structure. [ Result] A total of 1959 OTU s were obtained from 4 soil samples, and 30 phyla, 85 classes, 192 orders, 296 families, 481 genera and 893 species of bacteria were identified, among which Actinobacteriota, Proteobacteria, Acidobacteriota, Chloroflexi and Gemmatimonadota were the dominant phyla, Sphingomonas, norankJ __ norank_o __ Gaiellales, norankJ __ norank_o __ Acidobacteriales, Gemmatimonas, Blastococcus were the dominant genus. The average relative abundance of Actinobacteriota, Proteobacteria and Gemmatimonadota in the rhizosphere soil of susceptible varieties was lower than that of resistant varieties. The relative abundance of Gemmatimonas and Sphingomonas, which were related to disease resistance, was high in the rhizosphere soil samples of resistant variety Liaohong 1 and immunevariety Jihong 9218. [ Conclusion] The bacterial community structure in the rhizosphere soil of different resistant adzuki beans changed under the stress of SCN race 3, and the relative abundance of antagonistic bacterial populations in the rhizosphere soil of resistant varieties was much higher, which indicated that the bacterial community structure in the rhizosphere soil may be correlated with the resistance of adzuki beans to SCN. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objective] The present paper aimed to explore the grain production pattern and influencing factors in the major production areas, provided a certain basis for stabilizing the overall situation of national food security and formulating differentiated grain policies. [Method] By means of concentration degree, gini coefficient, logarithmic mean divisia index and cultivated land pressure index, quantitatively analyzed the factors influencing the increase of grain production in major grain producing areas from 2000 to 2020, such as the change of grain production center, variety structure, contribution to increase production, resource bearing capacity and production cost. [ Result] ( i) From the change of grain production center, more than 95 % of the grain increment came from the major grain producing areas, and the major producing areas in the north contributed more to the increase, especially Shandong, Henan and Heilongjiang, which occupied the top three areas of grain output and sown area for a long time. (ii) In terms of the production centers of different food crops, the production centers of wheat, com and beans were stable in the major grain producing areas in the north for a long time, while the production centers of rice and potato were mainly concentrated in the major grain producing areas in the south, but the production centers of rice gradually showed a trend of northward deviation. (iii) From the perspective of contributing factors, the grain increase in the major grain producing areas mainly depended on the increase of yield per unit area, and the contribution rate of yield per unit area to grain increase reached 61. 16%. The grain increase in the major grain producing areas in the north was due to the combined effect of cultivated land area, multiple cropping index, grain crop proportion and yield per unit area. Due to the decrease of cultivated land area in the major grain producing areas in the south had a negative effect on grain increase, the grain yield increase was more dependent on unit yield increase and multiple cropping index. (iv) From the perspective of resource carrying capacity of grain production, the dilemma of uneven distribution of water and soil resources has not been improved for a long time. The constraints of water resources in the major grain producing areas in the north were increasingly strengthened, while the pressure of cultivated land resources in the major grain producing areas in the south was continuously high. ( v) From the change and structure of grain production cost, the average grain production cost in the major grain producing areas was rising continuously. The land cost in the major grain producing areas in the north was higher, and the labor cost in the major grain producing areas in the south was higher. The grain production cost in the major grain producing areas in the north was higher than the whole country and the major grain producing areas in the south for a long time, and the rising rate was slightly faster than that in the major grain producing areas in the south. [Conclusion] Establishing the food security responsibility mechanism shared by the producing and marketing areas, constructing the differentiated compensation mechanism; Strictly observing the grain sown area, adjusting the structure of regional grain varieties; Consolidating scientific and technological support for grain increase, promoting coordinated development of water and soil resources and grain production; Taking multiple measures to improve grain production efficiency, and enhancing the enthusiasm of various subjects to grow grain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

(1) Background--The key state-owned forest areas are unique regions formed under the specific historical periods and special development strategies, and the reform of their governance system is crucial to ecological protection, sustainable development and social well-being in the new era. Although the reform of the state-owned forest areas has lasted for many years, there are still some problems such as dysfunctional institutional reform, stagnant industrial development and imperfect livelihood guarantee. (2) Methods--Taking Yichun Forest Industry Group in Heilongjiang Province as an example, this paper integrated resources, systems and social capitals into the analysis framework, and used the method of multiple case studies to compare and analyze the two reform modes of complete integration of the government and enterprises with the incomplete integration of the government and enterprises. The reform mechanisms and realistic dilemmas in the process of separating the government from enterprises were explored by setting SES (Social-ecological System) key variables in eight typical cases extracted from the four forestry bureaus. (3) Results--First, although the two reform modes of separating the government from enterprises had their own characteristics, in general, the reform of separating the government from enterprises led to the reshaping of the institutional environment and the changes in the authorities and responsibilities of the local governments and forest industry enterprises. However, the deep-rooted "system of units" and the deepening of path dependence limited the smooth implementation of the reform. Second, the reform process of separating the government from enterprises was externally influenced by the completeness of the supporting policies for reform, and internally constrained by the resources allocation rights, relative discourse rights and interdependence of the actors and governance systems, which affected the action stages by affecting the allocation mechanism of the reform costs. Third, the separation of the government from enterprises involved multiple stakeholders, including the government, enterprises, employees, etc., which would inevitably lead to the reconstruction of interest relations. In the post-reform period, it also faced the dilemmas such as unclear boundaries of the government and enterprises functions, insufficient support of the reform-related supporting policies, and difficult balance in the resettlement of the forest employees, which restricted the release of reform dividends. (4) Conclusions and Discussions--First, the local governments need to adjust their roles and responsibilities from those of administrators in the past to those of market regulators and service providers. At the same time, we should establish the value concept of overall co-governance and shape a mature cooperative governance structure. Second, since the reform of separating the government from enterprises affects the action stages of the local governments and forest industry enterprises, it is necessary to reasonably determine the sharing mechanism of reform costs and coordinate funding channels. For the public services undertaken by the enterprises in the transitional period, the government can share the relevant costs by purchasing socialized services. Third, after the separation of the government from enterprises, the forest workers have changed from the original "unit people" to enterprise employees. In the face of the rapidly changing development situation, the forest employees should continue to carry forward the forest industry spirit of hard work and daring to venture, actively face the market, go to the market and integrate into the market, constantly learn new vocational skills, and create "gold mountains and silver mountains" through diversified channels while managing and protecting the "clear waters and green mountains". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

(1) Background--Global land use changes from 1960 to 2019 have affected nearly 32% of the earth's land area and these changes have obscured different trajectories of policy responses in many regions. Assessing the dynamic changes of land use types in 40 state-owned forest industry enterprises in Heilongjiang Province in different periods is helpful to understand the logical law between land use dynamics and economic and social policy development of state-owned forest industry enterprises, and is helpful to rationally adjust the ecological land layout based on the ecological and resource advantages of state-owned forest areas. (2) Methods--The land cover data of 40 state-owned forest industry enterprises affiliated to China Longjiang Forestry Industry Group Co., Ltd. and Heilongjiang Yichun Forestry Industry Group Co., Ltd. from 2006 to 2020 used in this paper came from European Space Agency Climate Change Institute (ESACCI). Six main types of land use were identified and their respective areas were extracted by using ArcGIS tool for supervision classification and visual interpretation. On this basis, the land use transfer matrix was used to calculate the area change of land use type conversion of the state-owned forest industry enterprises from 2006 to 2020, and the current situation of land use in the state-owned forest areas was analyzed according to the spatial and temporal differences of the scale and direction of land use transfer change in different regions. (3) Results--Forest resources in the state-owned forest areas have been effectively protected under the background of ecological civilization construction. From 2006 to 2019, the ecological protection and restoration of natural forests in the state-owned forest areas in Heilongjiang Province have achieved remarkable results. The area of forestland increased by 33 791'85hm², and the proportion of new dynamic forestland area reached 29'48%. However, the area transferred from ecological land to construction land from 2006 to 2020 was about 2'10 times that of construction land to ecological land. Especially from 2014 to 2018, the transfer between various land use types was the most frequent, and the policy of completely stopping commercial logging in natural forests had a direct impact on the change of land use structure in the state-owned forest areas. In addition, there were significant differences in land use competition and tradeoff between Longjiang forest industry and Yichun forest industry. The degree of land use transfer change of the state-owned forest industry enterprises affiliated to Yichun forest industry was relatively stable, while the transfer and change of land use types of Longjiang forest industry were more frequent. There were great differences in the direction and quantity of land use transfer in different regions. The total output value of the state-owned forest industry enterprises with a higher proportion of ecological land use was relatively high. (4) Conclusions and Discussions--First, clarify the function of land use through detailed spatial and temporal layout in the planning, improve the efficiency of land use and the quality of land use system through policy guidance. Second, fully consider the transition stage of land use in the regions where the forest industry enterprises are located, and strengthen and highlight the integration relationship between the main land use types and the regional ecosystems. Third, pay high attention to the land use types represented by grasslands that are significantly reduced in the short term, and take reasonable measures to protect and restore them. Fourth, ecological land should not be excessively occupied, and the governance and distribution efficiency of all land use factors should be considered as a whole to maximize the overall and long-term interests. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

(1) Background--With the blurring and disappearing of industrial boundaries, industrial integration has become an important direction of industrial development and transformation. The integrated development of agriculture and forestry has played an important role in promoting the transformation and economic development of the key state-owned forest areas. (2) Methods--The research data was collected from the "China Forestry and Grassland Statistical Yearbook" from 2011 to 2020 and the "Heilongjiang Statistical Yearbook" from 2012 to 2021. Based on the statistical data from 2011 to 2020, this paper used the industrial coupling model to measure the integration degree of agriculture and forestry in the key state-owned forest areas in Heilongjiang and analyzed the factors influencing the integration degree of agriculture and forestry by principal component analysis. (3) Results--First, the industrial scale of agriculture and forestry integration was the most important factor to promote the integration of agriculture and forestry in the key state-owned forest areas. Second, the technical level could promote the integration of agriculture and forestry in the key state-owned forest areas to a certain extent. Third, the effect of forestry industry structure on the integration of agriculture and forestry in the key state-owned forest areas was limited. (4) Conclusions and Discussions--According to the research results, the following conclusions are drawn: First, the industrial contribution of agriculture and forestry integration in the key state-owned forest areas in Heilongjiang showed an increasing trend year by year from 2011 to 2017, reaching a maximum of 26.001 in 2017, and a decreasing trend year by year from 2017 to 2019. The degree of agriculture and forestry integration in the key state-owned forest areas in Heilongjiang increased year by year from 2011 to 2018, reaching a maximum of 16.101% in 2018, and showing a downward trend year by year from 2019 to 2020. Second, the industrial scale of agriculture and forestry integration in the key state-owned forest areas in Heilongjiang had the greatest impact on the integration degree of agriculture and forestry. This was because the forest-related industries had a good foundation and positive externalities. The agglomeration effect produced by the development of these industries made the integrated development of agriculture and forestry in the key state-owned forest areas in Heilongjiang increasingly obvious. Third, the technical level of forestry workers played a certain role in deepening the integration of agriculture and forestry in the key state-owned forest areas in Heilongjiang Province. Forestry itself includes primary, secondary and tertiary industries. The key state-owned forest areas in Heilongjiang were ahead of agriculture in technological progress, and the degree of technological progress determined the level and scale of industrial development, and also determined the integration degree of agriculture and forestry. Fourth, the promotion effect of forestry industry structure on the integration of agriculture and forestry in the key state-owned forest areas in Heilongjiang was not obvious. The implementation of some national policies, such as the restoration plan of natural forests and the cessation of commercial logging of natural forests, had a great impact on the change of forestry in- dustry structure. It took a long time for these impacts to reflect the changes of industrial structure, thus affecting the promotion of agriculture and forestry integration. Based on the above research conclusions, the following policy recommendations are put forward: First, increase the proportion of agriculture and forestry integration industry in the key state-owned forest areas to promote the development of agriculture and forestry integration. Second, improve the vocational skill level of the forestry workers to promote regional economic development. Third, promote the integrated development of agriculture and forestry through top-level design. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering is the property of Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering is the property of Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

【Objective】The present paper aimed to explain the changes of hydrothermal resources in the growth period of foxtail millet and maize in Heilongjiang region, and to provide theoretical basis for crop safety production.【Method】Based on the daily weather data from 1957 to 2013 in Raoyang County and Penman-Monteith formula, precipitation anomaly percentage and growth length day（GDD）, this paper analyzed the changes of hydrothermal resources in Raoyang County from June to September.【Result】（i） The size of ET0 was June > July > August > September, and the climatic tendency rates were-5.85,-1.96,-2.59 and-1.46 mm 10 a-1, respectively. The decrease of ET0 in different months was affected by different ten days, June was mainly affected by mid-late days, July was affected by mid-late days, August and September were affected by early and mid-late days, respectively.（ii） The frequency of drought from June to September was 33.33 %, 19.30 %, 31.58 % and 38.6 % respectively. Light drought was dominant in June and July, light drought was dominant in August and moderate drought was dominant in September.（iii）From June to September, the growth degree days were 459.58, 516.49, 470.40 and 301.64 ℃·d, respectively. The climatic tendency rates were 1.19, 3.28, 0.46 and 3.10 ℃·10 a-1, respectively. The increase of growth duration in June and August was affected by the first and middle ten days, July by the first and second ten days, and September by all stages, with the greatest increase in the latter ten days. 【Conclusion】In the future interannual changes, for crops such as millet and maize growing in Heilonggang from June to September, the heat resources were abundant and increasing, but the drought risk will increase in July and August. Therefore, in agricultural production, we should improve the irrigation system in July and August, and strengthen the measures of water conservation and drought resistance in this stage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Mycosystema is the property of Mycosystema Editorial Board and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering is the property of Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

【Objective】The present paper aimed to study the spatial-temporal characteristics and influencing factors of carbon emission from cultivated land use transformation in Heilongjiang province, in order to provide reference for achieving carbon peak and carbon neutrality.【Method】Based on the carbon emission coefficient and spatial autocorrelation analysis, the temporal and spatial differentiation characteristics of carbon emission from cultivated land use transformation in Heilongjiang province in 1990—2020 were revealed, and the influencing factors of carbon emission from cultivated land use transformation in Heilongjiang province were detected by geographical detector model.【Result】（i） The cultivated land area increased in Heilongjiang province in 1990—2020, and the conversion between cultivated land and forest land, grassland was the most significant. The carbon emission of cultivated land use transformation decreased from 1126 531 t in 1990—2000 to 125 292.3 t in 2000—2010, and then increased to 1793 129.5 t in 2010—2020. The carbon emission of cultivated land use transformation decreased first and then increased, but it was the carbon source region.（ii） The carbon emissions from cultivated land use transformation had a spatial agglomeration effect, and the hot spots moved from southwest to east and then to northwest, and from plain to hilly. The cold spot area showed a trend of extending from northwest to southeast in 1990—2020.（iii） Carbon emissions from cultivated land use transformation were mainly dominated by natural environment factors, and elevation factor had the strongest explanatory power in 1990—2020. The carbon emission from cultivated land use transformation was the result of the comprehensive effects of natural environment, social economy and policy factors. The interaction between natural environment and social economy factors was the strongest, and the interaction between natural environment and social economy factors was mainly nonlinear, and the interaction between slope and land use degree was the strongest. 【Conclusion】The spatial-temporal characteristics and influencing factors of carbon emission from cultivated land use transformation in Heilongjiang province were analyzed, which provided theoretical support for regional low-carbon sustainable utilization of cultivated land. The next research should focus on the carbon emission from the transformation of land property rights, operation mode and input and output under the hidden form of cultivated land use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering is the property of Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering is the property of Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering is the property of Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Agricultural Science & Technology (1008-0864) is the property of Journal of Agricultural Science & Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Preventive Veterinary Medicine / Zhongguo Yufang Shouyi Xuebao is the property of Chinese Journal of Preventive Veterinary Medicine Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Geology & Resources is the property of Geology & Resources Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

To coordinate the relationship between forest protection and utilization, give full play to the ecological, economic and social benefits of forests, and lay a solid foundation for sustainable economic and social development is a concrete action to implement Xi Jinping thought on ecological Civilization and implement the overall strategy of comprehensive, systematic and source governance of mountains, rivers, forests, farmland, lakes and grasses. Compared with the previous round of forest land protection and utilization planning (“original forest protection”), the new round of forest land protection and utilization planning (“ new forest protection”) is different in many aspects, such as the preparation background, positioning, indicators and requirements. It is very important to correctly understand the “new forest protection”, master the key points of the establishment of the “new forest protection” and learn from the experience and lessons of the “original forest protection”. Based on the last round of forest land protection and utilization planning in Heilongjiang Province, this paper discusses the positioning, technical basis, characteristics, and key links of preparation of the new round of forest land protection and utilization planning, expounds opinions and puts forward opinions, so as to lay a good foundation for the preparation of the new round of forest land protection and utilization planning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The large Late Triassic Erdaokan silver deposit is discovered in Duobaoshan ore concentration area of Duobaoshan island arc in Nenjiang-Heihe area, and the exploration in the deep part of Tongshan deposit also makes a great breakthrough. The Late Triassic Mengdehe gold deposit is found in Keluo-Xinkailing tectonic melange belt, and the gold mineralization in the deep of Sanhetun goldfield periphery as well. The small Early Cretaceous Baoquan copper deposit is discovered in Taxi magmatic arc. These deposits are consistent with regionally delineated geochemical anomalies with obvious ore-forming regularity. Based on the new discoveries of copper and gold deposits, the paper summarizes the latest prospecting progress in Nenjiang-Heihe area in recent years, pointing out the next exploration direction and suggestions for future prospecting and providing reference for the upcoming strategic prospecting deployment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

【Objective】 Base ion in soil is an important index to evaluate soil fertility. The problems of different depth of soil nutrient ion concentration, hardening in drought, sticking and decaying in waterlogging, low water storage and soil moisture conservation capacity seriously affect crop constants. 【Method】In the present paper, the calcareous chernozem in a certain area of Heilongjiang province is taken as the research object to study the effect of soil replacement and fertilization on base ion in calcareous chernozem soil; Under the condition of soil replacement and directional fertilization, the distribution and change of soil salt were studied. 0-20 cm soil and 20-40 cm soil were treated with directional fertilization for three consecutive years after one-year soil replacement. Under the premise of normal application of base fertilizer, the soil replacement(T1), soil replacement + straw(T2), soil replacement + 500 kg/667 m~2 were taken as the control without soil replacement.In the experiment group, the treatment methods of M2 dried chicken manure(T3) and soil replacement + 40 % theoretical phosphate fertilizer application(T4) were used to study the effect of different fertilization conditions on directional fertilization after soil replacement. 【Result】Soil replacement + basal fertilizer and application of organic fertilizer(T3) had the best effect, which could increase the content of water-soluble potassium ions, balance the content of sodium ions, bicarbonate ions and pH acidity and alkalinity, and reduce the content of calcium ions, magnesium ions, sulfate ions and chloride ions. 【Conclusion】The results show that the effect of soil layer replacement technology is obvious in the process of improving soil cation and anion. It can balance the pH value of soil, among which the effect of drying chicken manure with soil layer replacement + 500 kg/667 m~2 is the best. It can balance the content of anion and cation in soil, improve the pH value of soil, and create a good soil environment for corn, which is suitable for popularization and application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the application of super high and large-span floor structure, the design of the formwork support system should meet more strict demands. This paper introduced a steel column-tube support system for the formwork of the large-span and multi-layer gymnasium in Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine. The steel column-tube support system can not only unload step by step, but also promote productivity of labor and reduce engineering cost evidently. The performance of the support system of large-span floor structure were summarized and analyzed firstly. Then, this paper elaborated the design and construction means of the support system. Finite element model was established to analyze the bearing capability of the structure when the floor was set the steel column in the position of shear pole. The results show the support system has the features of high bearing capacity and security which can meet the requirements of the design code. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lodging has been regard as one of the major destructive factors for crop quality and yield, resulting in an increasing need to develop cost-efficient and accurate methods for detecting crop lodging in a routine manner. Nowadays, rapid evolvement in unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) and sensor technology has allowed high accurate and more accessible in monitoring crop development and health status with adequate temporal, spatial, and spectral resolutions. Compared with satellite and airborne photogrammetry, UAV with proper sensors offer a flexible, convenient, and cost-effective way to provide desired and customized observations on crop fields. Previous studies have extensively examined and verified the potential of UAV-based lodging recognition by leveraging photogrammetric algorithms, geospatial computing analysis, as well as pertinent agricultural expertise. As a substantive extension of previous published proceeding papers, this work presents a complete UAV-based survey methodology for monitoring lodging maize. Multispectral images of lodging mature maize in Youyi farm of Heilongjiang Province were collected to extract the lodging area. There were 4 crop forms in the research area: not-lodging maize with green leaves, not-lodging maize with yellowish leaves, lodging maize with yellowish leaves, and black shadows, based on the multispectral image. The 2 vegetation indexes and 8 co-occurrence measures texture features were calculated, and the feature sets of maize lodging area extraction was constructed on the basis of the above 2 kinds of predictors and spectral reflectivity features. 5 types of maize lodging identification feature sets were sifted, which included spectral feature set, normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) feature set, red edge normalized difference vegetation index (NDVIR-edge) feature set, single-class texture feature set and multi-class texture feature set. The maximum likelihood method was used to identify maize lodging for all feature sets. Finally, we analyzed the classification error of 4 crop morphology, extraction error and Kappa coefficient of lodging area under different features. The results showed that maize lodging area extracted by spectral feature set and NDVI feature set was larger than measured lodging area, which mainly because the wrong classification of not-lodging B pixels into lodging pixels, while the main reason for the inaccurate maize lodging area obtained by NDVIR-edge feature was that the not-lodging B maize and the not-lodging maize affected by edge effect were classified into lodging. Extraction area of lodging maize by single texture feature set was smaller because some of the not-lodging B maize pixels were classified as lodging pixels, but more lodging pixels was misclassified as not-lodging pixels. Single and multi-class texture feature sets could remove the shadow of blade gap well with appropriate texture filtering window selected, but multi-class feature set had higher extraction accuracy. It was difficult to distinguish the lodging maize from the not-lodging maize with yellowish leaves in mature period, and there was no significant difference in spectral reflectance feature between the 2 crop morphology. Therefore, when we identified these 2 types of crop morphology, a large number of misclassification pixels would be generated. The multi-class texture features extracted from UAV multispectral images could accurately extract maize lodging area. The average error of 4 crop morphology was 9.82%, the extraction error of lodging area was 3.40%, and the Kappa coefficient was 0.84. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Net Primary Productivity( NPP) plays an important role in the study of carbon storage and carbon sinks. In order to understand the changing trend and characteristics of forest vegetation NPP,and realize the dynamic research on the NPP of forest vegetation,this paper took the Dailing District,Yichun City,Heilongjiang Province as the research area,and studied the coniferous forest,broad-leaved and coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest in the Dailing District the annual growth of forest NPP in 2014-2044 and monthly growth of forest NPP in 2014-2019 based on the 3-PG( Physiological Principles Predicting Growth) model. The results showed that the forest NPP in the Dailing District showed an increasing trend in 2014-2044,but the growth rate gradually decreased with the year. The monthly growth change of NPP in 2014-2019 was cyclical. The total amount of forest NPP in the Dailing District from May to September was 30. 725 × 105 t in 2015. And the annual and monthly values of NPP were expressed in the three forest stands: young forest > middle-aged forest > near-mature forest > mature forest > over-mature forest. The research results make an attempt to apply the 3-PG model in Northeast China,and provide decision support and scientific reference for forestry managers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to study the carbon sequestration of forests and its influencing factors such as tree species,mean DBH,average tree height,stems per hectare,altitude,slope and so on,this paper used two types of the forest resources permanent sample plot survey data from three typical forest farms in Muling City,Heilongjiang Province in 2012 and 2016. The carbon storage capacity of each forest farm was estimated by combining the biomass compatibility model and the carbon content of different tree species. Using ArcGIS’s ordinary Kriging interpolation method,spatial interpolation was used to obtain and analyze the spatial distribution pattern and dynamic changes of the two phases of carbon storage. The relationship between carbon storage and topographic factors such as elevation and slope,and forest stand factors such as tree height and DBH were analyzed,and a carbon storage estimation model was obtained. The results showed that the total carbon storage in the study area was on the rise,the forest carbon sink function was strengthening,the carbon storage in the central and western regions was significantly higher than those in other regions,and the carbon storage in the southeast was relatively low,the broad-leaved mingled forest,oak trees and artificial larch all played an important role in the carbon sink function of forest vegetation in this region. Conclusion: forest carbon sequestration was in good condition,and more attention should be paid to the protection and distribution balance of forest resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objective]The present paper is about analysis of high density resistance of 36 maize varieties suitable for the third and fourth accumulated temperature zones in the eastern humid region of Heilongjiang province. [Method]The agronomic characters, stem mechanical indexes and yield of maize were analyzed by cluster. It also further confirms the important indexes of lodging resistance of maize. [Result]The results showed that the varieties were classified into three groups by systematic cluster statistics, among which 21 cultivars were highly inverted（Ⅰ）, 10 were moderately resistant（Ⅱ）and 5 were low resistant（Ⅲ）. Rind penetration strength, break strength, dry matter weight per stem length and stem node diameter were significantly positively correlated with stem lodging resistance index(0.597 **, 0.948**, 0.677** and 0.419**, respectively), which could be used as important indicators for evaluating lodging resistance of varieties. [Conclusion]The lodging resistance of Class II varieties is less variable after densification and the yield is higher, so it can be considered to be planted at high density. The results provide quantitative reference for breeding new varieties in main planting area of Heilongjiang province. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the systematic description of the economic transformation and development of Heilongjiang forest industry area, thin paper realized the dynamic factors identification and the quantitative study of the driving effects with the dynamic model and the statistical data from 2005 to 2016. The results show that the industrial structure level has the most significant driving effect on the economic transformation and development, which is closely related to the scientific industrial layout and the optimal allocation of resources between industries. The capital and labor factors have positive effects on the economic transformation of forest areas, but lower than the industrial structure level; the driving effect of capital factors is greater than the labor factor, which clarifies the urgent demand for capital investment in the development of alternative industries in the current forest area, and the problems of poor labor resources and unbalanced structure in the forest area are serious. It has restricted its promotion role in the economic transformation and development of forest areas. In summary, the economic transformation and development of Heilongjiang Forest Industry Region is driven and influenced by a series of factors ranging from industrial structure level, capital and labor factor input, and combined with the research conclusions and the objective reality of the forest area, it puts forward a feasible path to accelerate the economic transformation and development of the forest area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to investigate the composition of bacterial diarrhea pathogen spectrum in Heilongjiang Province，explore the variation and epidemic change rules of major pathogens，improve the ability of the laboratory to diagnose，monitor and warn the pathogen of diarrhea，and deal with the outbreak of bacterial diarrhea so as to provide scientific basis for further prevention and control. The sentinel hospital patients with intestinal bacteria in outpatient infective diarrhea feces were collected. Separated culture， biochemical identification， and serotyping method were used to detect Salmonella， SAigella， E'scAericAia coli (c o l i) ， and other intestinal pathogenic bacteria. Among the test specimens of 537 patients with bacterial diarrhea syndrome， the detection rate was 36.69%. The major pathological bacteria were pathogenic coli，SAigella， Vibrioparahaemolyticus，Salmonella， Plesioms sAigelloies，Aeromonas AyropAila， Fersinia enterocolittca， Vibrio cAolerae， Campylobacter ye/uni， and pathogenic coli. The corresponding detection rates were 9. 3 1%， 6. 8 9%， 1. 3 0%， 3. 3 5%， 0.56%，0 . 1 9%， 0.37%， 0.74%， 5.40%， and 16.95%， respectively. There was no significant gender difference， while the age pathogen detection rate and month pathogen detection rate were significantly different among all age groups. Pathogen detection rate had seasonal differences that the detection rates in June， July， August， and September were high，and the detection rate accounted lor 93.40% ol the total detection rate. The sum ol 0〜10 years old age group number ol cases and the detection rate were higher than other age groups. It was lound that the summer and autumn seasons in Heilongjiang Province are the seasons with high incidence ol bacterial infectious diarrhea，and the main pathogens were E. coli，Shigella，Salmonella，and Campylobacter jejuni. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Mycosystema is the property of Mycosystema Editorial Board and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)