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生物钟基因由昼夜节律运动输出周期 (Clock) 基因、脑和肌肉芳香烃受体核转运样蛋白1 (Bmal1) 基因等 正向调控基因和周期基因 (Per) 、隐花色素基因 (Cry) 等负向调控基因组成, 可通过调节基因表达和蛋白质合成来影 响代谢途径和激素释放的节律性. 生物钟基因可调控机体的昼夜节律, 而昼夜节律紊乱会导致代谢综合征. 代谢 综合征 (Mets) 是指人体摄入的营养物质过多导致的代谢紊乱, 通常由肥胖、脂代谢紊乱、糖代谢紊乱和高血压等 4 个组分组成. 在正常生理状态下, 当体内脂肪增加时, 瘦素分泌增多, 会抑制食欲、增加能量消耗, 以维持体质量的 稳定, 而 Clock-Bmal1异二聚体可通过调节转录激活因子 CCAAT 增强子结合蛋白 (c/EBPα) 影响瘦素表达, 导致机 体能量失衡以及体质量增加, 引发肥胖. 生物钟基因在调节血浆和组织脂质中同样也发挥着重要作用, 通过调控 TG合成和分解中的关键代谢酶表达, 实现脂肪代谢的昼夜节律性. 生物钟基因可以通过调节代谢途径中的核受体 影响能量代谢, 直接参与脂质代谢紊乱的调控. 生物钟基因可通过影响葡萄糖转运、糖原合成及分解、糖异生等代 谢过程维持葡萄糖稳态, 生物钟基因缺失或突变时会表现出严重的日常摄食节律紊乱, 表现出食欲亢进、高血糖和 低胰岛素血症等症状. 高血压是遗传和环境等因素相互作用的结果, 而生物钟基因能通过多种机制, 如水盐平衡代 谢、激素分泌、调节血管内皮功能、胰岛素抵抗等, 直接或间接影响血压. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Science & Technology of Food Industry is the property of Science & Technology of Food Industry Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The Third Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee further clarified the significance and overall requirements of comprehensively deepening reform and promoting Chinese-style modernization, providing guidance for the modernization of academic library governance. Academic libraries should align with the new development stage, implement the new development philosophy and actively integrate into the modernization process of the nation and higher education. This article, in light of the Plenary Session and its guiding document, analyzed the opportunities and challenges faced by academic libraries and expounded the goals and contents of academic library governance modernization. On this basis, six effective approaches to achieve governance modernization and intelligent transformation of academic libraries were explored, outlining a basic framework for multi-dimensional governance modernization. (1) To coordinate Party building and library's operational management simultaneously. Leverage Party building to establish a long-term mechanism and strengthen top-level design according to the strategic plans of universities and colleges, achieving coordinated and sustainable development of the library service system. (2) To enhance institutional development as well as to transform physical spaces. Create rules, procedures and organizational frameworks that ensure effective governance, accountability and sustainability and establish future learning centers that meet users' demands and educational reform trends. (3) To improve collection development and service efficiency. Construct a comprehensive and well- structured information resource system with diverse formats and distinctive features and build a holistic information service system centered on users. (4) To enhance the application of information technology and strengthen data-driven governance. Build a cluster of intelligent management and service platforms and establish a data middle platform, creating an intelligent portal to provide one-stop services supporting the entire process of learning, teaching and research. (5) To develop a core competency system for librarians and strengthen user relationship management. By centering on users' demands and in line with top-level planning, to achieve iterative upgrading of librarians' competency and library services with user engagement and high-rate satisfaction. (6) To build future learning centers by reconstructing learning spaces, reorganizing learning resources and reshaping learning paradigms. Promote integrated advancement of resources, technologies, spaces and human resources to facilitate the digital transformation of higher education. The article stresses the importance of innovation in the overall modernization of academic libraries and holds the belief that only by scientific planning, keeping pace with the times, and taking the initiative to respond to changes can academic libraries fully reflect the unique roles and values. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The ether preparation experiment is important in organic chemistry experiments. "The preparation of methyl tert-butyl ether" and "The preparation of n-butyl ether" are the corresponding experiments in the textbook. Studying these ether preparation experiments is important for a comprehensive understanding of the chemical properties of alcohols and the SN1 and SN2 mechanisms of nucleophilic substitution reactions. However, there are still many issues in "The preparation of methyl tert-butyl ether" based on the SN1 mechanism in the textbook, such as the requirement of a stoichiometric amount of the sulfuric acid catalyst, difficult reaction monitoring, challenging purification of the product, and low yields. Herein, a non-flammable solid, diphenylmethanol, and ethanol were used as starting materials, and anhydrous ferric chloride was used as the catalyst to prepare the desired benzhydryl ethyl ether. After simple washing extractions, the desired benzhydryl ethyl ether product could be purified and obtained in 88%-90% yields and 95%-97% purities. Notably, the reaction mechanism of this experiment is the same as that of methyl tertbutyl ether preparation; however, the catalyst amount is significantly reduced, product separation and purification steps are greatly simplified, and product yield is significantly improved. This experiment is helpful for students to comprehensively understand basic theories, including the properties of carbocation intermediates, organic Lewis acidbase theories and their applications, and the SN1 mechanism. Further, it can cultivate students' appreciation of green chemistry principles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Journal of Engineering for Thermal Energy & Power / Reneng Dongli Gongcheng is the property of Journal of Engineering for Thermal Energy & Power and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Heating the reaction mixture of diphenylmethanol and acetonitrile for 2 h in the presence of 5% (molar ratio) iodine or p-toluenesulfonic acid as the catalyst can yield the target product N-benzyl acetamide in approximately 85% isolated yield. Based on the concept of green chemistry, this innovative experiment integrates basic knowledge and theories such as the properties of alcohols, carbocation theory, organic Brønsted and Lewis acid-base theories, and the Ritter reaction. Additionally, knowledge regarding basic experimental operations such as thin layer chromatography (TLC), recrystallization, extraction filtration, drying and melting point determination can be strengthened by this experiment. The scientific research methods of product analysis and characterization such as gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, nuclear magnetic resonance, and the basic scientific research rules such as the single-variable method are also employed in this experiment. Notably, it takes approximately 3–4 h to complete the experimental process, the cost of reagents is approximately 1.2 yuan per-person, and it is convenient to carry out the control experiments in groups for practical teaching. In summary, the basic knowledge and theories mentioned in the textbook and the frontier of scientific research can be covered in this innovative experiment, while meeting the requirements for “high-order, innovation and challenge” of the new curriculum reform. Heating the reaction mixture of diphenylmethanol and acetonitrile for 2 h in the presence of 5% (molar ratio) iodine or p-toluenesulfonic acid as the catalyst can yield the target product N-benzyl acetamide in approximately 85% isolated yield. Based on the concept of green chemistry, this innovative experiment integrates basic knowledge and theories such as the properties of alcohols, carbocation theory, organic Brønsted and Lewis acid-base theories, and the Ritter reaction. Additionally, knowledge regarding basic experimental operations such as thin layer chromatography (TLC), recrystallization, extraction filtration, drying and melting point determination can be strengthened by this experiment. The scientific research methods of product analysis and characterization such as gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, nuclear magnetic resonance, and the basic scientific research rules such as the single-variable method are also employed in this experiment. Notably, it takes approximately 3–4 h to complete the experimental process, the cost of reagents is approximately 1.2 yuan per-person, and it is convenient to carry out the control experiments in groups for practical teaching. In summary, the basic knowledge and theories mentioned in the textbook and the frontier of scientific research can be covered in this innovative experiment, while meeting the requirements for “high-order, innovation and challenge” of the new curriculum reform. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim To investigate the relationship between blood lipid levels and rapid eye movement (REM) and non-REM related obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) by retrospective analysis of the related data of hypertension patients with OSAHS. Methods Retrospective analysis was made on 478 patients who were hospitalized in the Hypertension Department of Anzhen Hospital from January 1, 2017 to December 31, 2020 and did not take lipid-lowering drugs in the first half of the year. Collecting general data (gender, age, height and weight) of patients at admission, detecting total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC) and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC), and recording oxygen reduction index, minimum oxygen saturation, average oxygen saturation, sleep apnea hypopnea index (AHI), 24 h systolic blood pressure (24h SBP) and 24 h diastolic blood pressure (24h DBP). According to whether hypertension patients had OSAHS or not, they were divided into two groups: without OSAHS group and with OSAHS group. The clinical data of the two groups were compared, and the related influencing factors of OSAHS were analyzed by multivariate linear regression equation, spearman equation was used to analyze the correlation between blood lipid level and various indexes of OSAHS. In addition, according to different types of OSAHS, the correlation between AHI and blood lipid indicators in REM OSAHS and non-REM OSAHS patients was analyzed. Results Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that body mass index (BMI) and TG were the relevant influencing factors of OSAHS (P<0. 05). Spearman equation analysis showed that TC was positively correlated with BMI and arousal index (P<0. 05), HDLC was negatively correlated with BMI, hypoxemia index, longest apnea time, arousal index and AHI, and positively correlated with the lowest oxygen saturation (all P<0. 05); TG was positively correlated with BMI, hypoxemia index, arousal index and AHI, and negatively correlated with the lowest and average oxygen saturation (P<0. 05); AHInon-REM was positively correlated with TC, TG and negatively correlated with HDLC in patients with OSAHS of different types (P<0. 05); AHIREM was positively correlated with TC and TG levels (P<0. 05), but not with HDLC (P> 0. 05). Conclusions In patients with hypertension, BMI and TG levels are independent risk factors of OSAHS, and TG can be an independent risk factor positively correlated with the severity of OSAHS; non-REM OSAHS may affect HDLC synthesis by regulating the level of body hormones and thus change the blood lipid. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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With the intensification of platform supply chain channel competition， a self-run e-commerce platform adopts the agency selling to seek cooperation with online manufacturer on the basis of the traditional wholesale selling. Under the dual competition environment of platform competition and manufacturer competition， a platform supply chain system of self-run platform， third-party platform， traditional manufacturer and online manufacturer was constructed. Based on the two selling modes of self-run platform， i.e.， a single mode of wholesale selling only and a hybrid mode of both wholesale and agency selling， Stackelberg game models were presented to study the selling mode choice of self-run platform， and to examine the effects of platform commission， wholesale price and consumers’ self-run channel preference on supply chain members’ optimal strategies.The results showed that different consumers’ self-run channel preferences and platform commission have different effects on the selling mode choices of self-run platform. In addition， self-sun platform commission and third-party platform commission have important effects on profit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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