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去中心化物理基础设施网络是未来数字社会不可或缺的基石，它将传统依赖于集中式控制和管理的物理设施转变为由社区驱动且自主治理的新型基础设施网络，而区块链与人工智能（artificial intelligence，AI）技术的深度融合在其中起到了关键的赋能作用。为此，首先强调有机结合“AI赋能区块链”与“区块链赋能AI”，形成协同增效的双向闭环回路，以构建真正意义上的智能区块链，从而实现区块链智能新范式。其次，提出智能区块链的新型技术架构：一方面，将智能性内嵌至传统区块链架构的每一层，以培育从基础智能到基础设施智能再到应用智能的区块链智能生态；另一方面，为实际智能区块链构建与之对应的人工的智能区块链，并通过二者的虚实反馈与平行执行，形成从静态规则导向到动态适应演进的区块链智能生态。然后，从智慧合约、去中心化身份、知识管理、自主治理等角度辨析区块链智能的核心智能属性。最后，概述区块链智能的典型应用场景及面临的关键挑战。积极推进智能区块链与区块链智能技术的研究与发展，有助于构筑未来数字时代的核心基础设施。

为了从根源上解决组织管理面临的数据、信任和时效不对称问题，提出面向Web 3.0的新型组织管理模式——加密管理。它以区块链为底层技术，以联邦数据为运行基础，以去中心化自治组织为组织形态，以智能合约为实现手段，以非同质化通证为激励机制，核心目标是在数据安全与隐私保护的前提下，实现可信、可靠与可用的实时管理决策。构建了加密管理的基本框架，讨论了其核心构成与实现模式，并以面向任务的人员绩效实时管理为例，介绍了其运作流程，最后探讨了该领域潜在的研究方向。

基于区块链的非同质化通证（NFT）是一种记录在区块链上的数字资产所有权，具有唯一性、不可替代性、不可分割性等特征。作为智能经济中的核心要求，NFT目前已被广泛应用于收藏品、加密艺术品和游戏中。首先介绍NFT的相关概念、特征和发展历程，分析NFT的核心要素和典型应用领域，并指出目前NFT在产权、价值、技术、监管等方面面临的问题与风险；然后介绍NFT的研究现状，并在此基础上提出NFT在价值评估、交易模式与定价机制方面的研究问题；最后对NFT驱动的数字资产化趋势进行展望。

分布式自治并非一个新的概念，自然界中的自组织现象、互联网上的动态网民群体组织以及分布式人工智能等均可视作其早期表现形式。近年来，区块链技术的快速发展催生了去中心化自治组织（DAO），它是一种将组织的管理和运营规则以智能合约的形式编码在区块链上，从而在没有集中控制或第三方干预的情况下自主运行的组织形式。因此，DAO有望成为应对不确定、多样、复杂环境的一种新型有效组织。然而，DAO正处于起步阶段，理论研究尚处于空白，且难以实现大规模应用。本文首先对 DAO 的概念及特征做出清晰界定；接着首次系统地提出DAO五层分析框架，并以此为基础对典型的DAO应用案例——Aragon做了详尽分析；之后讨论DAO目前所面临的问题和下一步可能的研究方向，以期为未来研究提供有益的参考与借鉴。

攻击防护是光网络的一个重要问题。文章构建了光网络大功率带间串扰攻击和光放大器增益竞争攻击的传播模型,提出了一种限制物理层攻击影响范围的路由和波长分配算法。在路由分配阶段,该算法把具有较小最大光路攻击范围的路由分配给光路请求,以降低攻击影响范围。仿真结果表明,与常用算法相比,该算法能够有效限制物理层攻击影响范围,提升光网络的安全性。

目的】探讨进行异基因造血干细胞移植（allo-HSCT）患者口腔黏膜炎（OM）的发生及其危险因素。【方法】回顾分析1996年5月至2007年3月在我院治疗的75例恶性血液病患者allo-HSCT的临床资料,分析相关因素与口腔黏膜炎发生的关系。【结果】49例（65.0%）患者发生口腔黏膜炎,其中13例（26.5%）发生Ⅲ度,14例（28.6%）发生Ⅳ度,中位发生时间移植后第5（3～8）天。单因素分析显示,患者年龄、疾病种类、移植方式与口腔黏膜炎的发生无相关性（P〉0.05）,TBI/CY（全身照射＋环磷酰胺）预处理的患者口腔黏膜炎发生率高于BU/CY（白消安＋环磷酰胺）方案（78.3%vs 59.6%,P〈0.05）,口服剂型白消安口腔黏膜炎发生率高于静脉剂型（91.2%vs 11.1%,P〈0.001）,无四氢叶酸钙（CF）解救甲氨蝶呤（MTX）口腔黏膜炎明显高于CF解救（87.0%vs 9.5%,P〈0.001）。多因素回归分析结果表明,只有含TBI预处理方案（OR=3.6,P〈0.05）、口服剂型白消安（OR=2.9,P〈0.01）、无CF解救MTX（OR=17.1,P〈0.001）是all-HSCT患者口腔黏膜炎发生的独立影响因素。【结论】使用静脉剂型BU联合CY预处理方案、CF解救MTX的患者allo-HSCT后口腔黏膜炎发生率明显减少。

【目的】构建肿瘤坏死因子受体1（TNFR1）膜外部分和核转录因子NF-κB受体激动剂（RANK）跨膜及膜内部分相结合的嵌合体，探讨其在破骨细胞（OC）分化中的意义。【方法】克隆TNFR1／RANK嵌合体的cDNA，用plat E将其包装成逆转录病毒。通过感染将这种逆转录病毒转染到敲除TNFRl／R2基因的小鼠（TNFR1-／R2-）骨髓巨噬细胞（BMM）中；用TNFQ刺激，分别观察OC的分化及骨的重吸收能力；用Western Blot方法证实TNFR1／RANK是通过NF-κB、JNK、P38和ERK蛋白的磷酸化来调节OC的分化和功能。【结果】在TNFa刺激下，BMM能分化成OC，而且分化出的OC能明显地导致骨质破坏。TNFQ刺激BMM5min后磷酸化的NF-κB、JNK、P38和ERK蛋白的表达明显增强。【结论】TNFR1／RANK嵌合体具有完整的分子结构和生物功能，可作为研究RANK结构、功能及其信号途径的一个简便、有效的生物工具。

【目的】探讨巨噬细胞炎症蛋白-1α（MIP-1α）在多发性骨髓瘤中的表达及临床意义。【方法】夹心酶联免疫吸附法（ELISA）定量检测实验组43例患者、15例对照组,以及随访37例治疗3疗程后骨髓血浆MIP-1α的水平。【结果】①65.1%患者MIP-1α水平增高,其中实验组明显高于对照组（t=3.569,P=0〈0.01）,实验组中的活动进展期患者明显高于稳定期、正常人及其他血液病患者（P均〈0.05）;骨质破坏〉2处患者明显高于骨质破坏≤2处的患者（t=5.56,P=0〈0.01）。②有效组经治疗3个疗程后MIP-1α水平明显下降（t=3.237,P=0〈0.05）。③MIP-1α与红细胞计数、白蛋白、β2-微球蛋白、骨损分、Durie-Salmon分期相关（P均〈0.05）。【结论】大部分多发性骨髓瘤患者骨髓MIP-1α水平增高,MIP-1α可作为反映骨质破坏及瘤负荷的一项指标,动态监测MIP-1α可预测近期疗效。

急性胰腺炎是最常见的消化系统急症之一, 常伴局部或全身性并发症, 急性胰腺炎患者常伴有甲状腺损 伤, 其机制仍不完全明确。目前研究认为急性胰腺炎相关性甲状腺损伤可能与炎症通路和炎症细胞的激活、肠道屏 障破坏及肠道微生态改变密切相关。 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purple soils (0-20 cm layer) located in a restoration region of Hengyang, South-central China were examined under six different land use types, comprising: natural grassland (NGL), artificial grassland (AGL), artificial shrub and grassland (ASGL), artificial shrub land (ASL), slope farmland (SFL), and artificial forest land (AFL) . The effects of different land use types on soil physico-chemical and biological properties were analyzed. Soil quality under different land use types was evaluated by using principal component analysis (PCA) . The results showed that: total nitrogen, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, and available phosphorus content under AGL, ASGL, and SFL were significantly higher than for the other three land use types (P＜0. 05), while soil pH value, bulk density, and capillary porosity in AGL, ASGL and SFL were significantly lower than those of the other types (P＜0. 05), and there was no significant difference in available potassium content among the six land use types (P＞0. 05) . Total phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs) concentration; bacterial, fungal, and actinomycete contents; urease, sucrase, phosphatase, and protease activities; and the contents of soil microbial biomass carbon and soil microbial biomass nitrogen were significantly higher in AGL, ASGL, and SFL than the other land use types (P＜0. 05) . There were strong correlations among all fertility factors apart from readily available potassium content. PCA showed that AGL, ASGL, and SFL land use types were more beneficial for the recovery of soil quality in the restoration region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences is the property of Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of China Plastics / Zhongguo Suliao is the property of Journal Office of CHINA PLASTICS and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In order to reduce the damage of underground structure caused by unreasonable anti-floating design, the design concept of the anti-seismic and fire protection engineering was introduced into anti-floating design. Based on the concept of earthquake resistance and the working mechanism of anti-floating anchor, the three-level protection design method for anti-floating anchor system of underground structure was proposed, and the implementation idea of the design method was clarified. The three-level protection design method of the anti-floating anchor system in underground structure was utilized to study the optimization scheme for anti-floating anchor design, using a case study of the failure engineering of anti-floating anchors in the underground basement of a specific office building. This research determined parameters such as anchor fastening item length, anchor pull-up bearing capacity, and anchor spacing under the concept of three-level protection design. The results were verified by combining them with the failure engineering of the office building's underground basement. The findings indicate that both local and overall anti-floating design calculations, as well as stability calculations for atrium anchors and shear calculations at column base joints within the atrium range and at bottom slab-isolated base junctions, all meet design requirements. It is concluded that the three-level protection design method for anti-floating bolt system of underground structures provides a basis for the safety management of anti-floating bolt system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Paint & Coatings Industry (0253-4312) is the property of Paint & Coatings Industry Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Food Safety & Quality is the property of Journal of Food Safety & Quality Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences is the property of Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

To address the challenges of accurately estimating rotor speed and position using the Sliding Mode Observer (SMO) due to high-frequency chattering, and the poor robustness and speed tracking performance of the speed loop PI controller, we propose an improved SMO-based speed sensorless control scheme for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM). First, an Infinite Impulse Response (IIR) filter is incorporated into the SMO within the Direct Torque Control (DTC) system to mitigate the high frequency noise in the SMO output. Then a continuous hyperbolic tangent function is adopted to replace the discontinuous sign function to attenuate the system chattering. Moreover, an Active Disturbance Rejection Control (ADRC)-based speed loop controller is designed to optimize the trade-off between the overshoot and settling time of the system. Finally, a hardware-in-the-loop experimental platform is established in Matlab/Simulink environment. Both simulation and experimental results show that, under identical load and interference conditions, the proposed ADRC-based speed sensorless controller outperforms traditional speed sensorless control systems, effectively suppressing the chattering and exhibiting superior robustness and speed tracking performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To analyze the nutrition knowledge and attitudes and factors associated with dietary nutrition literacy of Ji Nuo, Jing Po, De Ang, A Chang, Bu Lang and Pu Mi ethnic minorities in Yunnan Province from January 2018 to August 2020. Methods The data were collected by multi-stage stratified cluster sampling in the six ethnic minorities areas of Yunnan Province. The total of 3 145 ethnic minorities aged ≥18 years were investigated the nutrition knowledge. The chi-square test and logistic analysis were done by SAS9.4 software. Results All the nutrition knowledge among the number of 3 145 ethnic minorities aged 18 years and above in Yunnan province had a median score of 8.7. The percentage of 8.3% of them had adequate dietary nutrition literacy, which was significant among different ethnic groups (χ² = 149.974, P < 0.0001) . The lowest percentage was 0.2% among Bu Lang people. Higher education levels were associated with higher literacy of dietary nutrition (OR = 1.992, OR = 3.073, P < 0.05, compared with primary school and below education level). Ji Nuo, De Ang, Bu Lang and Pu Mi people did not have adequate dietary nutrition literacy compared with A Chang people (OR = 0.105, OR = 0.366, OR = 0.010, OR = 0.341, P < 0.05). Conclusion The awareness of dietary nutrition knowledge and literacy were at a low level among six ethnic minorities aged 18 years and above in Yunnan province. The propaganda and education of dietary nutrition knowledge should be strengthened, especially the ethnic minorities with low education level so as to improve adequate literacy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of China Mining Magazine is the property of China Mining Magazine Co., Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Uranium Geology is the property of Uranium Geology Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Materials Engineering / Cailiao Gongcheng is the property of Journal of Materials Engineering Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Electric Power is the property of Electric Power Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Engineering for Thermal Energy & Power / Reneng Dongli Gongcheng is the property of Journal of Engineering for Thermal Energy & Power and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The gas reservoir of the second member of the Dengying Formation in Pengtan 1 well area is a typical ultra-deep carbonate bottom water gas reservoir, water invasion is an important issue affecting the effectiveness of gas reservoir development. The gas reservoir is currently in the early stages of evaluation for development, lack of understanding of water invasion mechanisms in gas reservoirs makes it difficult to develop a development strategies. Based on the existing production data and geological data of the gas reservoir, the mechanism model of single wells in different development zones was established by numerical simulation, to predict the way water invasin and to analyze the key factors affecting water invasion. Resalts show that different types of reservoir barrier layer in the Pengtan 1 well area are developed, the phenomenon of water being blocked by the barrier layer is significant, the overall manifestation of water invasion mode is water cone type and water crest type. The production allocation and the height of water avoidance are the main controlling factors affecting the degree of water invasion and the development effect of the two types of development areas. The understanding of water invasion mechanism obtained by thesis analysis provides technical support for the development strategies of Pengtan 1 well area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the contamination of lead, cadmium, and arsenic in infant and young child rice flour sold in Jiangxi Province and to assess the health risks of dietary exposure. Methods From 2016 to 2020, 564 samples of infant and young child rice flour were randomly collected from the market in Jiangxi Province. Lead and cadmium were by determined by graphite furnace apomecometry, and total arsenic by atomic. The dietary exposure levels of lead, cadmium, and total arsenic were detected using the point estimate method, the margin of exposure (MOE) was used for lead and arsenic exposure, and the margin of safety (MOS) was used for cadmium exposure. Results The average values of lead, cadmium, and total arsenic in infant and young child rice flour sold in Jiangxi Province were 0.039, 0.05& and 0.079 mg/kg, and the average detection rates were 82.1%, 93.8%, and 87.2%, respectively. There were significant differences in the detection rates of cadmium (x--21.98& P<0.001) and total arsenic (%2=138.043, PcO.001) in different years. The MOE values of lead (1.8-5.7) and total arsenic (5.0-14.0) in each year and the MOS values of cadmium (1.6-12.6) were all greater than 1. Conclusion Lead and total arsenic contamination in infant rice flour foods in Jiangxi Province monitored from 2016 to 2020 is low, and there is some degree of cadmium contamination in from 2016 to 2018. The potential health risks caused by dietary exposure to lead, cadmium, and total arsenic in infant rice flour foods of infants and toddlers in Jiangxi Province is at an acceptable level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Shaanxi University of Science & Technology is the property of Journal of Shaanxi University of Science & Technology Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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