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BackgroundAir pollution is a major public health concern. Air Quality Health Index (AQHI) is a very important air quality risk communication tool. However, AQHI is usually constructed by single-pollutant model, which has obvious disadvantages.ObjectiveTo construct an AQHI based on the joint effects of multiple air pollutants (J-AQHI), and to provide a scientific tool for health risk warning and risk communication of air pollution.MethodsData on non-accidental deaths in Yunnan, Guangdong, Hunan, Zhejiang, and Jilin provinces from January 1, 2013 to December 31, 2018 were obtained from the corresponding provincial disease surveillance points systems (DSPS), including date of death, age, gender, and cause of death. Daily meteorological (temperature and relative humidity) and air pollution data (SO2, NO2, CO, PM2.5, PM10, and maximum 8 h O3 concentrations) at the same period were respectively derived from China Meteorological Data Sharing Service System and National Urban Air Quality Real-time Publishing Platform. Lasso regression was first applied to select air pollutants, then a time-stratified case-crossover design was applied. Each case was matched to 3 or 4 control days which were selected on the same days of the week in the same calendar month. Then a distributed lag nonlinear model (DLNM) was used to estimate the exposure-response relationship between selected air pollutants and mortality, which was used to construct the AQHI. Finally, AQHI was classified into four levels according to the air pollutant guidance limit values from World Health Organization Global Air Quality Guidelines (AQG 2021), and the excess risks (ERs) were calculated to compare the AQHI based on single-pollutant model and the J-AQHI based on multi-pollutant model.ResultsPM2.5, NO2, SO2, and O3 were selected by Lasso regression to establish DLNM model. The ERs for an interquartile range (IQR) increase and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for PM2.5, NO2, SO2 and O3 were 0.71% (0.34%–1.09%), 2.46% (1.78%–3.15%), 1.25% (0.9%–1.6%), and 0.27% (−0.11%–0.65%) respectively. The distribution of J-AQHI was right-skewed, and it was divided into four levels, with ranges of 0-1 for low risk, 2-3 for moderate risk, 4-5 for high health risk, and ≥6 for severe risk, and the corresponding proportions were 11.25%, 64.61%, 19.33%, and 4.81%, respectively. The ER (95%CI) of mortality risk increased by 3.61% (2.93–4.29) for each IQR increase of the multi-pollutant based J-AQHI , while it was 3.39% (2.68–4.11) for the single-pollutant based AQHI .ConclusionThe J-AQHI generated by multi-pollutant model demonstrates the actual exposure health risk of air pollution in the population and provides new ideas for further improvement of AQHI calculation methods.

In this study, curcuminoid were extracted from turmeric by ionic liquid-assisted enzymatic method. On the basis of single factor test, five factors including enzymatic hydrolysis time, enzymatic hydrolysis temperature, enzymatic hydrolysis pH, enzyme dosage and ionic liquid dosage were selected as response variables, and the extraction rate of curcuminoid was selected as response value. The response surface optimization test was conducted. The optimal process conditions were determined as follows: Enzymatic hydrolysis pH was 5.4, ionic liquid was 20%, enzyme dosage was 21%, enzymatic hydrolysis time was 90 min, enzymatic hydrolysis temperature was 59 ℃. Under these conditions, the theoretical yield of curcuminoid was 5.922%, the actual yield was 5.882%, and the relative error between the theoretical yield and the theoretical yield was 0.04%. This method can effectively extract curcuminoid from turmeric, providing reference for the development and utilization of curcumin resources.

Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate the amino acid nutrition of different peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) varieties from Fujian, China. Method: Laifang peanut, Yakou xiaoryukyu peanut, Zhukou small seed peanut, Wenheng Hongyi peanut and Yanghou peanut were selected as experimental materials. The composition of amino acids of peanut kernel was analyzed by an amino acid automatic analyzer after hydrolysis. Based on the obtained data , the amino acid nutrition value was evaluated according to egg protein model and the ideal model recommended by WHO/FAO. A series of indexes, including the amino acid score (AAS), chemical score (CS), and score of ratio coefficient of amino acid (SRC), were calculated. Results: At least 18 amino acids were found in these peanuts. The contents of protein in these peanuts varieties ranged from 29.88~33.18 g/100 g. The contents of essential amino acids, non-essential amino acids, sour amino acids, sweet amino acids, bitter amino acids, essential amino acids for child, medical amino acids, flavoring and coloring amino acids, anti-bacteria amino acids, primary amine amino acids, branched chain amino acids, and aromatic amino acids were 7.83~8.95, 19.71~22.53, 8.93~10.29, 6.01~6.86, 10.24~11.58, 4.12~4.68, 19.44~22.23, 14.28~16.01, 3.63~4.11, 17.11~19.76, 3.95~4.44 and 3.14~3.53 g/100 g，respectively. The highest values of these indexes were found in Yakou xiaoryukyu peanut, which were obviously higher than others except Yanghou peanut (P

The effect of yak collagen peptide on reducing blood sugar was studied by diabetes mice model. A diabetic mouse model was prepared by intraperitoneal injection of alloxan (200 mg/kg) into Kunming mice. The modeled mice were randomly divided into normal group, model group, positive control group (metformin 200 mg/kg) and yak collagen peptide group (200 mg/kg), with 6 mice in each group. Relevant medicines were intragastric administration, given to each group once a day for consecutive 2 weeks, and normal group and model group were given constant volume of normal saline. The blood glucose, body weight, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) content of each group were measured after 7 and 14 days of administration. At the same time, pancreatic morphology of mice were detected by HE staining. Compared with the normal group, amount of body weight change and blood sugar content of the model group were significantly different (P

The system interference of 1.9 GHz TD-LTE and 1.8 GHz/2.1 GHz LTE FDD was studied. Firstly, the interference mechanisms and scenarios were analyzed, which focused on the interference of BS-BS. Moreover, the radio frequency requirements of TD-LTE and LTE FDD coexistence were given as the result of deterministic analysis and simulation calculations. The RF requirements were finally verified through lab tests as well as extensive field tests. The conclusion provides meaningful reference of 4G system utilization and BS coordination in China.

Firstly, the future framework of 5G spectrum was analyzed based on the application scenarios suggested by the ITU-R recommendation on 5G vision. Next, from the aspects of spectrum requirement, candidate band and sharing study, the core contents of 5G spectrum work and the difference of 5G spectrum and previous research were discussed. Then, by fully investigating the current research development of 5G spectrum, the future research area was proposed. Finally, the impact and challenges on radio management work were put forward.

Firstly, the inevitable trend was discussed that the available spectrum of the future mobile communication systems would be found in the higher frequency band, since the gap between the future spectrum requirements and the current planned total spectrum in the low-band was considerable. Then the status of the development of global hig h frequency wireless communications were introduced, in terms of high frequency band planning, related standardization and organization activities. Next, the propagation characteristics of high frequency bands were analyzed and summarized. Finally, the advantages and challenges of future high-band communications were proposed from potential available bands, transmission technologies, networking technologies, and radio frequency technologies.

In order to satisfy the spectrum requirements of the next generation international mobile telecommunication （IMT）system，to realize scientific allocation and usage of spectrum resources and to avoid spectrum waste brought by allocation in advance，there is a need to make a reasonable estimation for the spectrum demands of future IMT systems.The estimation results can also provide guidelines for the subsequent spectrum planning and assignment work.The progress of study related IMT spectrum estimation was given.From the analysis of current work and practical situation，the key factors in the estimation methodology were summarized to provide a reference for the following work.

Objective To evaluate the effect of Myozyme on one ventilator dependent patient with late-onset glycogen storage disease typeⅡ (GSDⅡ). Methods Myozyme infusion was administered based on manufacturer's recommendations at 20 mg/kg every 2 to 4 weeks, beginning at actual body weight, and was continuously treated for 6 times. No premedication was performed except 5 mg dexamethasone was administered at the first use of Myozyme. Clinical assessment was completed every day and was lasted for 16 months including motor function, the time free of ventilation, and the change of respiration parameters. Results Myozyme was well tolerated without adverse reactions. Pain on shoulder began to alleviate the next day after taking Myozyme. With the prolonged time and increased number of taking drugs, the time free of ventilation and doing in-situ stepping prolonged, and the speed of stepping in-situ also increased. Besides, the strength of lifting the upper limbs increased, and both the time and speed of walking free of ventilation prolonged. The maximus curative effect occured at the 7th month (3 months after drug withdrawal) after treatment and returned to pre-treatment levels at the 8th month (4 months after drug withdrawal). The pain on shoulder was the first symptom that got improved, and the fastest symptom that returned to baseline. Conclusions Myozyme has positive effect on ventilated patients with late-onset glycogen storage disease type Ⅱ. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6731.2014.05.009